Supply of essential medicines and health technologies (6 April 2020)
This paper is one of a set of technical guidance papers developed by the WHO Regional Office for Europe to provide practical information and resources for decision-makers on measures to strengthen the health system response to C...OVID-19.
The purpose of this paper is to provide WHO Regional Office for Europe Country Offices and Member States with guidance on how to maintain supplies of medicines and health technologies, including devices, diagnostics and blood products, during the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Elderly people are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection due to their decreased immunity and body reserves, as well as multiple associated comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Also, course of disease tends to be more severe in ...case of elderlies resulting in higher mortality.
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As evidências atuais indicam que o vírus causador da doença COVID-19 é transmitido através de gotículas respiratórias ou por contato. A transmissão por contato ocorre quando as mãos contaminadas tocam a mucosa da boca, nariz ou olhos. O vírus também pode ser transferido de uma superfície... para outra através das mãos contaminadas, o que facilita a transmissão por contato indireto. Consequentemente, a higienização das mãos é extremamente importante para evitar a disseminação do vírus causador da doença COVID-19.
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La guía se basa en las buenas prácticas existentes y se ha elaborado con la colaboración de enfermeras que trabajan en una amplia variedad de ámbitos, pero se enfoca principalmente en las áreas con recursos limitados. Representa el punto de vista del personal técnico ... de La Unión y de la red de Enfermeras y Profesionales Sanitarios entre los miembros de La Unión. Las mejores prácticas se presentan como una serie de pautas que se pueden adaptar a los servicios locales en países de ingresos bajos y medios y que fomentan la evaluación a través del uso de resultados cuantificables. Cada pauta corresponde a un punto importante en el diagnóstico o tratamiento de un paciente con TB, tomando como referencia las estrategias recomendadas por La Unión2, 3 y los regímenes de tratamiento recomendados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para TB susceptible a fármacos y TB resistente a fármacos.4, 5 A lo largo de esta guía, se remitirá a los lectores, a través de notas al pie, a la información relevante publicada en dos guías distintas de La Unión: Manejo de la Tuberculosis: Una guía esencial de buenas prácticas, 6ta edición, 2010 (denominada Guía Naranja)2y Lineamientos para el Manejo Clínico y Operativo de la Tuberculosis Drogorresistente, 2013 (denominada Guía de DR-TB).3 Otros materiales de referencia importantes se indican al final del documento y todos coinciden con las estrategias recomendadas a nivel internacional.
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Use of antibiotics in patients with a diagnosis of SARS-COV2 (Update May 2021)
Evidence-based guidelines are one of the most useful tools for improving public health and clinical practice. Their purpose is to formulate interventions based on strong evidence of efficacy, avoid unnecessary risks, use resources efficiently, reduce clinical variability and, in essence, improve hea...lth and ensure quality care, which is the purpose of health systems and services. These guidelines were developed following the GRADE methodology, with the support of a panel of clinical experts from different countries, all convened by the Pan American Health Organization. By responding to twelve key questions about the clinical diagnosis and treatment of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika, evidence-based recommendations were formulated for pediatric, youth, adult, older adult, and pregnant patients who are exposed to these diseases or have a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of infection. The purpose of the guidelines is to prevent progression to severe forms of these diseases and the fatal events they may cause. The recommendations are intended for health professionals, including general, resident, and specialist physicians, nursing professionals, and medical and nursing students, who participate in caring for patients with suspected dengue, chikungunya, or Zika. They are also intended for health unit managers and the executive teams of national arboviral disease prevention and control programs, who are responsible for facilitating the process of implementing these guidelines.
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Q8: For people with dementia, what is the role of a medical review (including comorbid physical and mental conditions and medication use)?
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) published a clinical case definition of post COVID-19
condition, by a Delphi consensus, on 6 October 2021. That process concluded that a separate definition
may be applicable for children. It is important to understand the frequency, characteristics ...and risk factors
that lead to post COVID-19 condition, along with its impact on everyday functioning and development of
children and adolescents. Long-term outcomes of the condition are currently unknown and need to be
studied. For these reasons, a globally standardized clinical case definition is needed.
Aim: To develop a globally relevant standardized clinical case definition for children and adolescents by
building on the WHO clinical case definition for post COVID-19 condition in adults.
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In December 2019 a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified as the causative agent of a severe acute respiratory illness among people exposed in a seafood market in Wuhan, China; • Human-to-human transmission has been documented, including in healthcare workers, and aerosol-generating procedur...es (AGP)† may play a role in the spread of the disease; • There are uncertainties in the natural history of the 2019-nCoV, including source(s), transmissibility mechanisms, viral shedding, and persistence of the virus in the environment and on fomites; • As of 6 February 2020, the following precautions are recommended for the care of patients with suspected or confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV: o For any suspected or confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV: standard + contact + droplet precautions o For any suspected or confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV and AGP: standard + contact + airborne precautions • The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by healthcare workers requires an evaluation of the risk related to healthcare-related activities;
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Fornecer diretrizes de cuidados para profissionais da saúde expostos ao novo coronavírus (COVID-19) em estabelecimentos de saúde, e conduta na exposição ocupacional ao vírus. • Esta ferramenta irá ajudar a determinar o risco de infecção dos profissionais da saúde que foram expostos a um ...paciente com COVID-19 e orientar as decisões sobre as ações apropriadas. Além disso, oferece recomendações para a conduta adequada com esses profissionais da saúde, de acordo com o risco de infecção. Estas recomendações são preliminares e sujeitas à revisão, à medida que novas evidências estiverem disponíveis.
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One key aim of tuberculosis (TB) prevention and care is to render them more people-centred, which means further boosting and improving ambulatory care models across the countries of Eastern Europe and central Asia. This note is intended to remind interested parties of the evidence that shows that am...bulatory care is both feasible and safe
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This document is to guide policy makers, managers, districts, health workers, communities, NGOs and all other stakeholders on how to implement newborn health services.
Q11: 11a). In women with epilepsy, should antiepileptic therapy be prescribed as monotherapy or polytherapy to decrease the risk of fetal malformations?
11b). Does the use of folic acid preconceptually decrease the risk of foetal malformations in women with epilepsy?
11c). Do phenytoin, phenobarbi...tal, valproic acid or carbamazepine enter breast milk in quantities which are clinically significant to the baby?
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