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Publication Years
762
2017
230
11
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Category
1181
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135
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94
29
Toolboxes
371
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The recommendation in this document thus supersedes the previous WHO recommendation for the prevention of PPH as published in the 2012 guideline, WHO recommendations for the prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage.
Mental health is critical to personal well-being, interpersonal relationships, and successful contributions to society. Mental health conditions consequently impose a high burden not only on individ
...
uals, families and society, but also on economies. In Jamaica, mental health conditions are highly prevalent and major contributors to morbidity, disability, and premature mortality.
more
Information note. In 2021, preliminary results of observational studies from the Community Access to Rectal Artesunate for Malaria (CARAMAL) project did not confirm the mortality impact observed in the controlled trial in 2009. Consequently, in Janu
...
ary 2022, WHO released an information note on rectal artesunate (RAS), suggesting immediate risk mitigation measures. To provide clarity on the evidence, WHO subsequently convened independent experts to conduct a formal evidence review of the data from the CARAMAL project, as well as data from other studies evaluating the deployment of pre-referral RAS at programmatic level
more
For the first time in almost 50 years there are two new drugs for the treatment of drug-resistant TB (DR-TB): bedaquiline and delamanid. There has also been increased attention given to the safety a
...
nd efficacy of “re-purposed” drugs that have been widely used to treat other infections but are also showing promise in the treatment of DR-TB, including linezolid and clofazimine. This special supplemental guide has been developed for nurses, because it is essential that nurses be provided with material that maximizes their ability to provide optimal support to patients who are receiving new and re-purposed drugs
more
Tuberculosis (TB) prevention is essential for reaching the End TB targets in the South-East Asia Region (SEAR) of World Health Organization (WHO)1. The targets of 80% reduction in TB incidence rate and 90% reduction in TB mortality by 2030 (compared to
...
2015 levels) can be achieved only with additional interventions aimed at preventing TB, according to epidemiological modelling studies commissioned by the WHO South-East Asia Regional Office (WHO SEARO). Optimal implementation of TB preventive treatment (TPT) is a critical intervention to accelerate reduction in TB burden in the SEA Region, which bears nearly 43% of the global TB burden. TPT by itself has the potential to reduce the overall annual TB incidence rates by 8.3% (95% CrI 6.5–10.8) relative to 2015.
more
This chapter discusses the antibacterial treatment of leprosy infections. Antibiotic treatment is
a key component of leprosy treatment, as it is v
...
ital to prevent the progression of the infection.
Treatment with rifampin and other antibiotics is highly effective and cures 98% of patients with
the leprosy infection. Furthermore, the relapse rate is very low, at about 1% over 5–10 years.
There is little M. leprae drug resistance in leprosy and few reports of multi-drug resistance (1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8). An antibiotic treatment may take months or years to produce clinical improvement,
especially in patients with an initial high bacterial index (BI).
more
Approximately 80% of the 463 million adults worldwide with diabetes live in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). A major obstacle to designing evidence-based policies to improve diabetes
...
outcomes in LMICs is the scarce availability of nationally representative data on the current patterns of treatment coverage. The objectives of this study were to estimate the proportion of adults with diabetes in LMICs who receive coverage of recommended pharmacological and non-pharmacological diabetes treatment; and to describe country-level and individual-level characteristics that are associated with treatment.
more
The Best Buys for Disease Elimination is a practical, evidence-based guide to the most effective actions for countries to implement in order to eli
...
minate communicable diseases. The guide highlights the efficient use of resources and prioritizing populations in vulnerable situations.
“The Region of the Americas is advancing steadily towards the elimination of communicable diseases,” said Dr. Jarbas Barbosa, PAHO Director. “To achieve this, it is necessary to increase and sustain high vaccination coverage, engage communities to expand access to diagnosis and treatment, strengthen surveillance, and bring integrated services to marginalized communities, incarcerated populations, and those living in informal settlements,” he added.
For each disease and condition included in the Elimination Initiative, the Best Buys are presented as one-page documents with clear, accessible information. Each Best Buy summarizes expected impact goals, disease elimination targets, key operational indicators, and priority interventions that have proven to be cost-effective in different contexts.
more
This document highlights the latest WHO recommendations designed to optimize health outcomes, streamline delivery and address persistent barriers to prevention and care. It especially focuses on peo
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ple often left behind in service delivery, including adolescents and young people, key populations and people with advanced HIV disease. The guidance emphasizes integration, simplification, choice and equity.
more
Global update on HIV treatment 2013: Results, impact and opportunities
World Health Organization; UNICEF; UNAIDS
(2013)
Chapter 1 provides new data on the latest developments in the global treatment effort, highlighting positive trends as well as aspects that require improvement. Chapter 2 summarizes the impact of the scale-up in reducing AIDS-related mortality and n
...
ew HIV infections. Chapter 3 examines the sequence of steps in the continuum of care from HIV diagnosis to successful provision of ART services and outlines key supportive innovations. Chapter 4 discusses the implications and anticipated impact of the new "Consolidated guidelines on the use of ARV drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection
more
Procurement and supply management activities are fundamental to consistent and reliable access to essential medicines and health products. To reduc
...
e the impact of CVD, action needs to be taken to improve prevention, diagnosis, care and management of CVD diseases. Affordable essential medicines and technologies to manage CVD disease must be available where and when they are required. Medicines and technologies need to be managed appropriately to ensure that the correct medicines are selected, procured in the right quantities, distributed to facilities in a timely manner, and handled and stored in a way that maintains their quality. This needs to be backed up by policies that enable sufficient quantities to be procured in order to reduce cost inefficiencies, ensure the reliability and security of the distribution system, and encourage the appropriate use of these health products. In order to avoid stock-outs and the disruption of treatment, all related activities need to be conducted in a timely manner, with performance continually monitored, and prompt action taken in response to problems that may arise. Additionally, medication must be dispensed correctly and used rationally by the healthcare provider and patient alike. The purpose of this guide is to explain the necessary steps.
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Follow-up and tracing of tuberculosis patients who fail to attend their scheduled appointments in Cotonou, Benin: a retrospective cohort study
Serge Ade1, Arnaud Trébucq, Anthony D. Harries, Gabriel Ade, Gildas Agodokpessi, Prudence Wachinou, Dissou Affolabi, Sévérin Anagonou
BMC Health Services Research
(2016)
C2
Ade et al. BMC Health Services Research (2016) 16:5
Background: In the “Centre National Hospitalier de Pneumo-Phtisiologie” of Cotonou, Benin, little is known about
the characteristics of patients who have not attended their scheduled appointment, the results of tracing and the
possible b
...
enefits on improving treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the contribution of tracing
activities for those who missed scheduled appointments towards a successful treatment outcome.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out among all smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients
treated between January and September 2013. Data on demographic and diagnostic characteristics and treatment
outcomes were accessed from tuberculosis registers and treatment cards. Information on those who missed their
scheduled appointments was collected from the tracing tuberculosis register. A univariate analysis was performed
to explore factors associated with missing a scheduled appointment
more
Profiles of Peripheral CD4+T Cells Count during Antiretroviral Treatment in Senegalese Adults Infected by HIV: Impact of Therapeutic Associations
Niang M. S., R. Derwiche, B. Mbengue
Journal of Immunology, Infection & Inflammatory Diseases
(2017)
CC
Thirty-three years after its discovery, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), responsible for the AIDS pandemic, remains a major public health problem despite advanced researches providing better diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The virus targets especially CD4+ T cells, leading
...
to deficiency of the immune system and altering therefore defense against infections and cancer cells. Antiretroviral
more
These guidelines group all recommendations on TB care and support in one document and are complemented by an operational handbook. The guidelines are to be used primarily by national TB programmes, or their equivalents in Ministries of Health,
...
stakeholders and technical organizations working on TB care in the public and private sectors and in the community.
more
This was a Phase 3, multi-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, active control study where 273 male and female patients with first stage Trypanosoma brucei gambiense HAT were treated at six sites: one trypanosomiasis reference center in Angola, one hospital in South Sudan, and four hospita
...
ls in the Democratic Republic of the Congo between August 2005 and September 2009 to support the registration of pafuramidine for treatment of first stage HAT in collaboration with the United States Food and Drug Administration. Patients were treated with either 100 mg of pafuramidine orally twice a day for 10 days or 4 mg/kg pentamidine intramuscularly once daily for 7 days to assess the efficacy and safety of pafuramidine versus pentamidine. Pregnant and lactating women as well as adolescents were included.
more
Effective malaria case management requires quick access to diagnostics and antimalarial treatments to reduce illness and death. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been essential
...
to malaria treatment since 2001, as it combines artemisinin for rapid parasite reduction with a partner drug to ensure complete cure. However, resistance to antimalarial drugs, where parasites survive standard doses, threatens malaria control.
more
The guide is presented in two parts:
Part 1. Principles of Operational Monitoring: Describes the key principles of operational monitoring, alongside the types of operational monitoring that may be performed and the information required within an OMP.
Part 2. Operational Monitorin ... g Plan Development: Describes the stepwise development of an OMP for a water supply system, including the source, water treatment, intermediate storage, distribution and household. For illustration purposes, practical guidance is provided using a specimen water supply system considered to be representative of a conventional small- to medium-sized supply in a lower resource setting. This template may be used to develop system-specific OMPs for individual water supply systems. more
Part 1. Principles of Operational Monitoring: Describes the key principles of operational monitoring, alongside the types of operational monitoring that may be performed and the information required within an OMP.
Part 2. Operational Monitorin ... g Plan Development: Describes the stepwise development of an OMP for a water supply system, including the source, water treatment, intermediate storage, distribution and household. For illustration purposes, practical guidance is provided using a specimen water supply system considered to be representative of a conventional small- to medium-sized supply in a lower resource setting. This template may be used to develop system-specific OMPs for individual water supply systems. more
Updated Guideline.
The Emergency Triage Assessment and Treatment (ETAT) guidelines provide guidance on the most common emergency conditions in children presenting at the health facility. These include but are not limited
...
to airway obstruction and other breathing problems; circulatory impairment or shock; severely altered CNS function (coma or convulsive seizures); and severe dehydration which require urgent appropriate care to prevent death.
more
The WHO standard: Universal access to rapid tuberculosis diagnostics sets benchmarks to achieve universal access to WHO-recommended rapid diagnosti
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cs (WRDs), increase bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis and drug resistance detection, and reduce the time to diagnosis. WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics are highly accurate, cost-effective, reduce the time to treatment initiation, and impact patient-important outcomes.
more
In 2022, WHO published the Consolidated guidelines on HIV, viral hepatitis and STI prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care for key populations. These guidelines outline a public health response to
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HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for 5 key populations (men who have sex with men, sex workers, people in prisons and other closed settings, people who inject drugs and trans and gender diverse people).
In this policy brief, we give an update on those parts of the guidelines related to hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment for key populations.
more
