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Publication Years
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Background
Access to medicines is important for long‐term care of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. This study provides a cross‐country assessment of availability, prices, and affordability of cardiovascular disease and hypertension medicines to
...
identify areas for improvement in access to medication treatment.
Methods and Results
We used the World Health Organization online repository of national essential medicines lists (EMLs) for 53 countries to transcribe the information on the inclusion of 12 cardiovascular disease/hypertension medications within each country's essential medicines list. Data on availability, price, and affordability were obtained from 84 surveys in 59 countries that used the World Health Organization's Health Action International survey methodology. We summarized and compared the indicators across lowest‐price generic and originator brand medicines in the public and private sectors and by country income groups. The average availability of the select medications was 54% in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries and 60% in high‐ and upper‐middle‐income countries, and was higher for generic (61%) than brand medicines (41%). The average patient median price ratio was 80.3 for brand and 16.7 for generic medicines and was higher for patients in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries compared with high‐ and upper‐middle‐income countries across all medicine categories. The costs of 1 month's antihypertensive medications were, on average, 6.0 days’ wage for brand medicine and 1.8 days’ wage for generics. Affordability was lower in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries than high‐ and upper‐middle‐income countries for both brand and generic medications.
Conclusions
The availability and accessibility of pharmaceuticals is an ongoing challenge for health systems. Low availability and high costs are major barriers to the use of and adherence to essential cardiovascular disease and antihypertensive medications worldwide, particularly in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries.
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Diabetes Africa brings together healthcare professionals, entrepreneurs and decision-makers in Africa and its diaspora to make diabetes a thing of the past. We identify and promote innovation and innovators, and look for the next diabetes champions.
...
more
The document emphasizes integrating environmental considerations into nutrition programs. It introduces a screening tool piloted across ten projects to identify environmental risks and opportunities, fostering sustainable practices in food systems.
...
The tool promotes collaboration, co-learning, and actionable steps to align nutrition goals with environmental sustainability, ensuring long-term benefits for health and ecosystems.
more
This publication aims to provide an overview of the state of developmental monitoring in selected countries across the Europe and Central Asia region (ECAR), to document the existing evidencebased approaches and models for developmental monitoring and to i
...
dentify the key considerations necessary to guide discussions around introducing and enhancing developmental monitoring as a part
of primary health care.
more
This review examines high-quality research evidence that synthesises the efects of extreme heat on human health in tropical
Africa. Web of Science (WoS) was used to identify research articles on the efects extreme heat, humidity, Wet-bulb Globe
Te
...
mperature (WBGT), apparent temperature, wind, Heat Index, Humidex, Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), heatwave, high temperature and hot climate on human health, human comfort, heat stress, heat rashes, and heat-related morbidity
and mortality
more
The guidance document provides a set of indicators for assessing the status of development, implementation and monitoring of key policy interventions for prevention and control of NCDs and injuries. It promotes city-level evidence based decision-making processes to
...
identify gaps and take appropriates actions to strengthen responses. Additionally, using the standardized indicators can facilitate cross-city learning, sharing best practices and lessons learnt in implementing various policy interventions.
more
The target audience of this document (and the associated online companion tool) includes WHO country offices in Member States of the African Region; Member States’ ministries of health and their public health emergency operation centres; relevant external assessment teams; and partners looking to
...
identify preparedness gaps and
support interventions that help address them. In the event of a suspected or confirmed VHF case, the document also serves to provide any intervening partner with a sense of what structures should be in place, in order to guide
scale-up activities in line with regional and national plans.
more
Pocket Manual for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria
Olumese P., Al Zedjali M.S., Al-Mukhaini S.
Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman - Department of Malaria Eradication
(2025)
C2
The "Pocket Manual for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria", published by the Ministry of Health of the Sultanate of Oman, provides practical guidance for healthcare professionals on how to identify, manage, and treat malaria cases. It emphasizes
...
parasitological confirmation before treatment, outlines standard protocols for treating uncomplicated and severe malaria—including P. falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infections—and specifies drug regimens based on patient weight and age. The manual also includes recommendations for travelers on malaria chemoprophylaxis and highlights the importance of prevention, especially for high-risk groups like children and pregnant women.
more
This toolkit suggests several approaches to addressing technology
access disparities. At its core is a comprehensive checklist that helps
teams systematically evaluate their current practices and identify
opportunities for improvement. This struc
...
tured self-assessment
tool spans both team-level actions and organisational responsibilities,
recognising that change must occur at multiple levels
more
Why this document? The Waste Value Chain Analysis (WVCA) has been designed to help organizations understand local waste value chains, with the aim: To identify gaps and opportunities for improvement of local waste value chains (e.g. where shredding,
...
baling can make recovery profitable) and much more
more
Once an outbreak has been confirmed, epidemiological surveillance must be stepped up. The goals of the surveillance system are: to identify new epidemic foci early; to monitor the evolution of the outbreak; to arrange for appropriate patient care; t
...
o evaluate response activities.
more
The document is a practical toolkit that provides guidance for healthcare facilities on how to prepare for emergencies, including pandemics and other disasters. It explains how to conduct risk assessments using an all-hazards approach, helping facilities i
...
dentify potential threats such as natural disasters, technical failures, and disease outbreaks. The text outlines how to develop emergency preparedness and pandemic plans, including key elements like communication, staffing, resource management, and coordination with local, state, and federal authorities. It also describes the four phases of emergency management—mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery—and emphasizes continuous evaluation and improvement. Overall, the document aims to help healthcare organizations ensure continuity of care and protect patients and staff during emergencies.
more
TAI TB APP
Mak Soft
(2026)
TAI TB is a digital health awareness and support application designed to help users understand tuberculosis (TB), identify common symptoms, access educational materials, and connect with reliable health information
A Focus on the Journey to Self-Reliance for Preventing Child and Maternal Deaths . June 2018
The 2018 Acting on the Call report focuses on 25 countries’ journeys to self-reliance for preventing child and maternal deaths. Self-reliance is a country’s ability to finance and implement solution ... s to its own development challenges. Understanding where countries lie on this effort - known as the journey to self-reliance - helps USAID to best partner with countries and support their efforts.
The report looks at the health status of 25 priority countries as well as the current capacity of the health system to meet the needs of women and children. In the report, we recount progress since the 2012 Call to Action as well as identify gaps in order to inform future programming and areas that need strengthening during the journey to self-reliance. For the first time ever, we’ve calculated the return on our investment to eliminate bottlenecks to improving health services. more
The 2018 Acting on the Call report focuses on 25 countries’ journeys to self-reliance for preventing child and maternal deaths. Self-reliance is a country’s ability to finance and implement solution ... s to its own development challenges. Understanding where countries lie on this effort - known as the journey to self-reliance - helps USAID to best partner with countries and support their efforts.
The report looks at the health status of 25 priority countries as well as the current capacity of the health system to meet the needs of women and children. In the report, we recount progress since the 2012 Call to Action as well as identify gaps in order to inform future programming and areas that need strengthening during the journey to self-reliance. For the first time ever, we’ve calculated the return on our investment to eliminate bottlenecks to improving health services. more
The IMCI model handbook provides a detailed explanation of the IMCI case management guidelines. It is organized into seven main parts: overview of the IMCI process; assess and classify the sick child age 2 months up to 5 years; assess and classify the sick young infant age 1 week up to 2 months;
...
identify treatment; treat the sick child or the sick young infant; communicate and counsel; and give follow-up care.
Teaching institutions are advised to adapt the handbook in two ways:
to ensure that all text, charts and illustrations are consistent with nationally-adapted IMCI clinical guidelines, and
to ensure that its content and format corresponds to the teaching approach used by the institution.
more
The emergency Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion (WASH) gap analysis project was funded by The Humanitarian Innovation Fund (HIF), a program managed by Enhancing Learning and Research for Humanitarian Assistance (ELRHA) in partnership with the Active Learning Network for Accountability and Per
...
formance in Humanitarian Action (ALNAP), and is a component of a larger initiative to identify and support innovations in emergency WASH. This paper gives an explanation of the background, methodology, and findings of the program.
more
Human Resource Capacity Development in Public Health Supply Chain Management: Assessment Guide and Tool
USAID; Deliver Project
(2013)
this toolkit presents a structured, rating-based methodology designed to provide a rapid, comprehensive assessment of the capacity of the human resource support system for a country’s supply chain. Data are gathered from a document review, focus group discussions, and in-country stakeholder interv
...
iews to identify the strengths, areas for improvement, opportunities, and challenges for a wide range of human resource inputs and components. The findings are transformed into specific recommendations and strategies for action based on an understanding of country priorities and programming gaps. It includes Word templates; PowerPoint templates and Exce-based Diagnostic Dashboard
more
This document builds on the Background document prepared for the September 4-5, 2014 Consultation. It includes proposed elements to consider during the development of a framework to assist decision-making at global and national level.
The aim of the document is to assist Member States and releva
...
nt partners in their discussions to identify the best approaches to ensure the accelerated evaluation and use of available or near-term therapies and vaccines for the treatment and prevention of EVD. The document calls for a coordinated effort by the international community to remove unnecessary obstacles towards this goal.
more
Planning and preparedness are the keys to dealing effectively with threats that include infectious diseases caused by SARS and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome or MERS, novel influenza viruses like H1N1, and Ebola. During outbreaks or epidemics of these emerging infectious diseases, healthcare f
...
acilities must carefully monitor the global situation as it evolves and conduct robust planning to promptly identify and safely manage a patient who may be infected and prevent further transmission. This module focuses on preparedness considerations for Ebola and how to engage a multi-disciplinary team to prepare your institution. Planning, preparedness, and practice will protect patients, visitors, and staff.
more
Child Friendly Spaces (CFSs) are used by humanitarian agencies as a means to promote protection and psychosocial wellbeing for children in emergency settings. World Vision International together with Columbia University is conducting a series of studies to investigate the effectiveness of CFSs in va
...
rious humanitarian contexts in order to document evidence of the positive effects they have in relation to child wellbeing and protection, to identify good practice in their design and implementation and to develop improved monitoring and evaluation approaches for CFSs. The case studies have so far all been focused on refugee settings and while internally displaced populations (IDPs) share many of the circumstances and challenges of refugees it was decided that CFSs operating in IDP settings warrant a particular investigation in order to assess their relevance and effectiveness in promoting child protection and psychosocial wellbeing. This report thus presents the findings from an IDP focused study on CFS effectiveness in three camps near Goma, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
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