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1
Edición General: Dirección Nacional de Normatización - MSP
Este manual ha sido desarrollado por profesionales de las instituciones del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS)
y especialistas expertos en la materia, bajo la coordinación de la Dirección Nacional de Normatización del
Ministerio de S
...
alud Pública (MSP) y la colaboración de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS).
Contempla lineamientos técnicos, operacionales y administrativos, con la finalidad de garantizar la atención
integral, oportuna y de calidad a los usuarios de los establecimientos del SNS, dando prioridad a la preven-
ción, detección, diagnóstico y tratamiento para el control de la TB.
Los autores han declarado no tener conflicto de interés y han procurado ofrecer información completa y
actualizada; sin embargo, en vista de los posibles cambios en las ciencias médicas, se recomienda revisar el
prospecto de cada medicamento que se planea administrar, para cerciorarse de que no se hayan producido
cambios en las dosis sugeridas o en las contraindicaciones para su administración. Esta recomendación cobra
especial importancia en el caso de medicamentos nuevos o de uso infrecuente
more
La tuberculosis o TB es una enfermedad causada por la bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Esta bacteria por lo general ataca a los pulmones, pero también puede atacar otras partes del cuerpo, como los riñones, la columna vertebral y el cere
...
bro. Si no se trata apropiadamente, la tuberculosis puede ser mortal.
more
Lineamientos técnicos para la atención de personas con infección latente por tuberculosis
Alabí Montoya, F.J.; C.G. Alvarenga Cardoza, K.M. Díaz de Naves
Ministerio de Salud El Salvador
(2020)
CC
Technical guidelines for the care of persons with latent TB infection
Tuberculosis continues to represent a severe public health problem in the Region of the Americas, even more so in the case of indigenous peoples, whose TB incidence is much higher than that of the general population. To achieve tuberculosis control
...
in these communities, it is necessary to respond to communities’ diverse needs from an intercultural perspective that allows the application of a holistic approach—from a standpoint of equality and mutual respect—and considers the value of their cultural practices. In the Region of the Americas, although there has been progress toward recognizing the need for an intercultural approach to health services, obstacles rooted in discrimination, racism, and the exclusion of indigenous peoples and other ethnic groups persist. To respond to this situation, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) prepared this guidance which––based on an intercultural approach in accordance with the priority lines of the current PAHO Policy on Ethnicity and Health and its practical development in the Region’s indigenous populations––represent a support tool for implementing the End TB Strategy. This publication integrates PAHO’s accumulated experience and best practices developed by its Member States in recent years, including discussions and experiences shared in regional meetings on the issue, and emphasizes innovation and social inclusion. This requires an urgent shift away from traditional paradigms, taking specific actions that gradually reduce TB incidence and moving toward effective multisectoral actions that have proven effective in quickly containing the epidemic. This publication integrates PAHO’s accumulated experience and best practices developed by its Member States in recent years, including discussions and experiences shared in regional meetings on the issue, and emphasizes innovation and social inclusion. This requires an urgent shift away from traditional paradigms, taking specific actions that gradually reduce TB incidence and moving toward effective multisectoral actions that have proven effective in quickly containing the epidemic.
more
Health Policy and Planning, Volume 35, Issue 1, February 2020, Pages 47–57, https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czz122
Colombia has an underreporting of 30% of the total cases, according to World Health Organization (WHO) estimations. In 2016, successful tuberculosis (
...
TB) treatment rate was 70%, and the mortality rate ranged between 3.5% and 10%. In 2015, Colombia adopted and adapted the End TB strategy and set a target of 50% reduction in incidence and mortality by 2035 compared with 2015.
more
Zambia has completed the implementation of the National TB Strategic Plan (2017-2021) that set in motion the TB elimination agenda in Zambia through coordinated and accelerated
...
TB response. During this period, the National TB and Leprosy Programme (NTLP) registered tremendous success.
The NTLP is poised to attain the ambitious goal pronounced by the government of eliminating TB by 2030, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the World Health Organization End TB Strategy. The programme exponentially increased TB notifications from as low as 35,922 people with TB in 2018 to 40,726 in 2020 and in 2021 the TB notifications rose to 50,825 (a 25% increase against 2020 performance). The NTLP also registered incredible success in sustaining high TB Preventive Treatment (TPT) initiations among persons living with HIV and a high TB treatment success rate among drug-susceptible TB cases. New and relapse TB notifications in children below 15 years increased by 43%, from 2,724 in 2020 to 3,890 in 2021. TB notifications ratio between children aged 0-4 and 5-14 was 0.9, an improvement from what we achieved in 2018 (the ratio was 0.7). The proportion of TB patients who are HIV positive continued to decrease, reaching 34% in 2021 from 39% in 2020. Sustained increases in TB notifications, treatment success rate, and TPT initiations have resulted in a rapid decrease in the TB incidence rate that reached 307 per 100,000 population in 2021 against a rate of 391 in 2015.
more
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019 Jul 1;23(7):858–864.Namibia ranks among the 30 high TB burden countries worldwide. Here, we report results of the second nationwide anti-TB drug resistance survey. To a
...
ssess the prevalence and trends of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in Namibia.
From 2014 to 2015, patients with presumptive TB in all regions of Namibia had sputum subjected to mycobacterial culture and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) for rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol and streptomycin if positive on smear microscopy and/or Xpert MTB/RIF.
more
20 YEARS OF STRATEGIC HIV AND PUBLIC HEALTH DATA . beThe completion of the 6th South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence and Behaviour Survey (SABSSM) report, coincides with the celebration of 30 years of democracy in South Africa; and marks 20 years of conducting nationally representative ho
...
usehold-based surveys by the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), its collaborators and donors. Since its inception in 2002, the SABSSM series has emerged as one of the HSRC’s leading scientific contributions to the country’s HIV and AIDS response (1), providing essential data to monitor the HIV epidemic, the impact of the HIV program in South Africa, and to inform strategies for epidemic control in the National Strategic Plan for HIV, TB and STIs (NSP), now in its fifth edition. Using scientific evidence from SABSSM and other key sources, the NSP guides the country’s response, under the leadership of the South African AIDS Council (SANAC) and the National Department of Health (NDoH), with focus on equitable access to biomedical interventions, addressing the structural and social behavioural drivers of the epidemic, and targeting populations disproportionately affected by HIV; such as, black Africans, key populations and adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) aged 15–24 years (2).
more
July 2023 version .The 2023 ART guideline introduces simplified ART provision and harmonised methods of management of children, adolescents and adults, as well as pregnant women living with HIV/AIDS, TB and other common opportunistic infections.
T
...
he guidelines also provide guidance on the use of Dolutegravir (DTG) dispersible tablets for children from 3kg and 4 weeks old.
These guidelines have been revised with the Differentiated Models of Care SOPs to ensure simultaneous consideration and alignment of clinical, adherence and service delivery updates.
more
A Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Drug-susceptible TB in Children and Adolescents
in South Africa. This new guidance is aligned with the updated WHO guidelines but has been adapted specifically for the South African context.
...
The intention of this publication is to provide guidance on the Diagnosis and treatment of TB in children and adolescents and they may be downloaded and distributed as required. Distribution for remuneration is not permitted. No changes to the content or format of this publication is permitted.
more
Esta publicación integra la experiencia acumulada de la OPS y las buenas prácticas desarrolladas por sus Estados Miembros en los últimos años, incluidas las discusiones y experiencias compartidas en las reuniones regionales celebradas sobre el tema, y pone el acento en la innovación y la inclus
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ión social. Esto requiere cambiar con urgencia los paradigmas tradicionales, partiendo de las acciones específicas que reducen gradualmente la incidencia de la TB para dirigirnos hacia acciones multisectoriales de eficacia demostrada en la contención rápida de la epidemia.
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Copenhagen, Denmark, 7–8 March 2017. Meeting report
In 2017, 3.6 million of the estimated 10 million people with TB worldwide were “missed” by national TB programmes (NTPs). Two thirds of them are thought to access
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TB treatment of questionable quality from public and private providers who are not engaged by the NTP. The quality of care provided in these settings is often not known or substandard. Closing these gaps and ensuring patient-centred care imply that quality-assured and affordable TB services must be made available wherever people choose to seek care.
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Public Health Fact Sheet
Involving the Community in Responding to TB/HIV: Outcomes of Community-Led Monitoring and Advocacy
Accessed November 2017
Accessed November 2017
TB situation in vulnerable populations. Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) vol.13 no.1 Itauguá jun. 2021
La pandemia de covid-19 ha afectado la detección y tratamiento de pacientes con TBC en Paraguay que lejos de ser una enfermedad erradicada, es motivo de pr
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eocupación sanitaria y sigue afectando a miles de personas, si bien se inician actividades de campo con apoyo del PNCT para la búsqueda activa, seguimiento de casos y control de contactos en comunidades indígenas y asentamientos, estas tareas no son continuas debido al aumento de los casos de covid-19 en el país, que favorece el temor a acudir a los hospitales para el diagnóstico, a sus controles e incluso se ve afectado el retiro de los medicamentos. En el marco de la pandemia, es probable que aumenten los fracasos terapéuticos con el consiguiente desenlace fatal, por lo que debe hacerse una revisión de las estrategias dirigidas a poblaciones vulnerables con un compromiso verdadero del sector político, sumado a una fuerte colaboración multisectorial e intercultural para lograr el fin de la TBC
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Tuberculosis (TB) is the deadliest infectious disease in most low- and middle-income countries, claiming more than 4,000 lives each day. The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has seriously impacted people with pre-existing health conditions. People wi
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th TB are usually more vulnerable to other infections, including the novel coronavirus, due to pre-existing lung damage. They are also at higher risk of developing complications from COVID-19.
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