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This summary outlines the burden of targeted diseases and program implementation outcomes in Rwanda. The control of neglected tropical diseases represents a major challenge to those providing healthcare services in the endemic countries. The purpose
...
of this country profile is to provide public health professionals with the most recently available epidemiological information on diseases for which a strategy and tools to implement large-scale preventive chemotherapy exist.
more
The link between cholera in pregnancy and negative childbirth outcomes has been observed since the
19th century, but there is currently no clear understanding of the extent nor the mechanisms to inform
treatment guidelines. The recommendations in
...
this Interim Technical Note are based on current
knowledge, including documented experiences of treating pregnant women with cholera during
epidemics.
more
The global burden of disease (GBD) study provides information about fatal and non-fatal health outcomes around the world.
The objective of this work is to describe the burden of mental disorders am
...
ong children aged 5–14 years in each of the six regions of the World Health Organisation. Data come from the GBD 2015 study. Outcomes: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) are the main indicator of GBD studies and are built from years of life lost (YLLs) and years of life lived with disability (YLDs).
more
This manual is a good example of the successful outcomes of the productive mutual cooperation between the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the Basic Education Support and Training (BEST – Yemen) Project; funded by
...
the USAID, and the Government of Yemen (GY) through its Ministry of Education (MoE). The BEST Project and the MoE have worked collaboratively to ensure sustainable development where local resources are used wisely and sufficiently by the different Yemeni generations while at the same time building healthy school and community environment. ECOSAN was one area that the project introduced to the MoE as one significant system to reach sustainable environmental development. The Project facilitated a highly quality extensive training on ECOSAN at the Stockholm Environmental Institute – SEI in Stockholm, Sweden.
more
This manual is a good example of the successful outcomes of the productive mutual cooperation between the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the Basic Education Support and Training (BEST – Yemen) Project; funded by
...
the USAID, and the Government of Yemen (GY) through its Ministry of Education (MoE). The BEST Project and the MoE have worked collaboratively to ensure sustainable development where local resources are used wisely and sufficiently by the different Yemeni generations while at the same time building healthy school and community environment.
more
High salt consumption is an important determinant of high blood pressure and reducing it would improve health outcomes by lowering cardiovascular disease and therefore death rates. Reducing salt int
...
ake has been identified as one of the most effective public health measures and is one of the leading targets at global, regional and national levels to reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases. The purpose of the Dietary Salt Intake Survey in the Republic of Moldova was to establish current baseline average consumption of salt (sodium), potassium and iodine through 24-hour urinary excretion testing among a random sample of the adult population (aged 18–69 years), and to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices and behaviour around dietary salt in order to enable more efficient planning and the implementation of an effective salt-reduction strategy in the Republic of Moldova.
more
Improving health systems and services for mental health: mental health policy and service guidance package
This document presents an integrated st
...
rategy for mental health system development that will lead to enhanced service delivery, improved outcomes, and improved human rights for people with mental disorders.
more
Role of Memantine
World Health Organization
(2012)
C_WHO
Q2: For people with dementia, does memantine, when compared to placebo/comparator, produce benefits/harm in the specified outcomes in non-specialist health settings?
The Polio Transition1
Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Framework was designed to monitor progress towards achieving the strategic and operational outcomes of the post-2023 Strategic Action Plan on Polio Transition (2018– 2023), as outlined in the
...
Global Vision to use polio investments to build strong, resilient and equitable health systems (the Global Vision), and regional strategic plans for the WHO African, Eastern Mediterranean and SouthEast Asia Regions. It aims to support an efficient and effective polio transition process through both process and outcome-based monitoring. The M&E Framework promotes accountability and strives for a harmonized approach to monitoring and evaluating the polio transition at the country, regional and global levels
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This results report for the biennium 2020–2021 presents the progress towards the triple billion targets, outcomes and outputs, based on the GPW 13 results framework and indicators. It uses structured methodologies, both quantitative and qualitativ
...
e, for measuring and analysing the achievements and challenges to achieving them, and includes country and impact case studies to exemplify how the Organization’s work is driving health impacts at the country level, where it matters most. For the first time, the WHO Secretariat is reporting on its investments, results and performance through a scorecard methodology for every country or territory it serves.
more
Socioeconomic status is associated with differences in risk factors for cardiovascular disease incidence and outcomes, including mortality. However, it is unclear whether the associations between cardiovascular disease and common measures of socioec
...
onomic status—wealth and education—differ among high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries, and, if so, why these differences exist. We explored the association between education and household wealth and cardiovascular disease and mortality to assess which marker is the stronger predictor of outcomes, and examined whether any differences in cardiovascular disease by socioeconomic status parallel differences in risk factor levels or differences in management.
more
People with disabilities are among the most marginalized groups in the world. People with disabilities have poorer health outcomes, lower education achievements, less economic participation and high
...
er rates of poverty than people without disabilities.
more
Adolescence, defined as the period between 10 and 19 years of age, is a developmental stage during which many psychosocial and mental health challenges emerge. There is a well-established link between mental
...
health and HIV outcomes. Adolescents and young adults living with HIV typically have additional mental health needs linked to their experiences of living with and managing a chronic illness, along with prevailing stigma and discrimination. Mental health promotion and prevention is thus a critical priority for this group.
more
The report summarizes the estimates of the burden of disease attributable to unsafe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene for the year 2019 for four health outcomes - diarrhoea, acute respiratory
...
infections, soil-transmitted helminthiases, and undernutrition - which are included in the reporting of the Sustainable Development Goal indicator 3.9.2. The report includes estimates at global, regional and country level for 183 WHO Member States.
more
Men experience increased risk of morbidity and mortality across all ten major contributors to poor health and continue to lag behind women regarding HIV services and other health
...
outcomes. Globally, men now account for the majority of new HIV infections. In 2022, only 72% of men living with HIV (aged 15 years or older) had access to antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (ART) compared to 82% of women living with HIV in the same age range.
more
Background
Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a
...
t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction.
Results
We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence).
Conclusions
Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings.
more
The Guidance on global monitoring for diabetes prevention and control by WHO provides a comprehensive framework to support countries in tracking and managing diabetes prevention, care, and outcomes. This document outlines indicators across 4 domains
...
: health system determinants, service delivery, risk factors, and outcomes/impacts. The guidance helps countries align their monitoring efforts with WHO’s global diabetes targets, Global Diabetes Compact, and relevant global NCD targets.
more
Childhood cancer is curable for the vast majority of children when essential diagnostic, therapeutic and supportive care services are accessible. However, profound inequalities in outcomes exist within and between countries with as few as 20% or 30%
...
of children living in low- and middle-income countries surviving.
The Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer Overview document presents the CureAll approach to support governments, partners and communities achieve the best possible cancer care for all children. This approach, summarized as four pillars of action supported by three enablers, will improve the care for children with cancer around the world.
more
This Implementation Kit (I-Kit), developed by the Health Communication Capacity Collaborative (HC3), helps national and local stakeholders to design country-specific social and behavioural change communication (SBCC) campaigns that address the threa
...
t posed by substandard, spurious, falsified and falsely labelled (SSFFC) malaria medicines. These poor-quality medicines endanger lives by failing to treat malaria effectively, undermine health systems, and contribute to drug resistance.
The I-Kit provides practical guidance and resources in six sections, including global examples, campaign design elements, media engagement strategies and tools for knowledge sharing. It is intended for health promotion officers, drug regulators, communication specialists and global health partners. Drawing heavily on experiences in Nigeria, the I-Kit promotes evidence-based, context-sensitive SBCC interventions to safeguard communities against SSFFC malaria medicines and enhance treatment outcomes.
more
The purpose of the guideline is to provide evidence-based recommendations on nonsurgical interventions for chronic primary LBP (CPLBP) in adults, including older people, that can be delivered in primary and community care settings to improve CPLBP-related
...
health and well-being outcomes. For this reason, the guideline does not consider interventions typically delivered in secondary or tertiary care settings (e.g. surgical or other invasive procedures) or workplace interventions.
more
