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Qualitative assessment of community health workers’ perspective on their motivation in community-based primary health care in rural Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M.B. et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) CC

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have a positive impact on the provision of community-based primary health care through screening, treatment, referral, psychosocial support, and accompaniment. With a broad scope of work, CHW programs must balance the breadth and depth of tasks to mainta...in CHW motivation for high-quality care delivery. Few studies have described the CHW perspective on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to enhance their programmatic activities. Methods: We utilized an exploratory qualitative study design with CHWs employed in the household model in Neno District, Malawi, to explore their perspectives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and dissatisfiers in their work. Data was collected in 8 focus group discussions with 90 CHWs in October 2018 and March–April 2019 in seven purposively selected catchment areas. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using Dedoose. Results: Themes of complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors were generated from the perspectives of the CHWs in the focus group discussions. Study results indicate that enabling factors are primarily intrinsic factors such as positive patient outcomes, community respect, and recognition by the formal health care system but can lead to the chal- lenge of increased scope and workload. Extrinsic factors can provide challenges, including an increased scope and workload from original expectations, lack of resources to utilize in their work, and rugged geography. However, a posi- tive work environment through supportive relationships between CHWs and supervisors enables the CHWs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated enabling factors and challenges for CHW performance from their perspec- tive within the dual-factor theory. We can mitigate challenges through focused efforts to limit geographical distance, manage workload, and strengthen CHW support to reinforce their recognition and trust. Such programmatic empha- sis can focus on enhancing motivational factors found in this study to improve the CHWs’ experience in their role. The engagement of CHWs, the communities, and the formal health care system is critical to improving the care provided to the patients and communities, along with building supportive systems to recognize the work done by CHWs for the primary health care systems. more

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Challenges in management and prevention of ischemic heart disease in low socioeconomic status people in LLMICs

Gupta, R.; Yusuf, S. BMC Medicine (2019) CC

Cardiovascular diseases, principally ischemic heart disease (IHD), are the most important cause of death and disability in the majority of low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs). In these countries, IHD mortality rates are significantly greater in individuals of a low socioeconomic status (... more

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Recovery toolkit: Supporting countries to achieve health service resilience

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO

A key purpose of the Recovery Toolkit is to support countries in the reactivation of health services which may have suffered as a result of the emergency. These services include ongoing programmes such as immunization and vaccinations, maternal and child health services, and noncommunicable diseases... more

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The impact of cOVID-19 on the lives of indigenous women and their strategies to deal with the pandemic

Zapeta, T.; Fenly Mejia, N. International Indigenous Women (2020) C1

The International Forum of Indigenous Women (IIWF) has prepared this report in order to have a document for analysis and systematization of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of Indigenous Women, and to identify the strategies promoted by them. This document is expected to serve as... more

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Training Needs Assessment of Health Workers on Health Care Waste Management in Kenya

UNDP (2018) CC

This report contains the results of an in-depth Training Needs Assessment (TNA) of Health Workers in the 4 project counties of the republic of Kenya – Nakuru, Kisumu, Nairobi and Bungoma. The assessment, facilitated by the UPOPs Project in close collaboration with the Ministry of Health and Minist... more

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Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Childhood Epilepsy

Expert Committee on Pediatric Epilepsy, Indian Academy of Pediatrics Indian Pediatrics (2009) CC

Seizures constitute the most common neurological problem in children and the majority of epilepsy has its onset in childhood. Appropriate diagnosis and management of childhood epilepsy is essential to improve quality of life in these children. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines, modified to... more

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Severe Acute Malnutrition Update: Current WHO Guidelines and the WHO Essential Medicine List for Children

Williams, Phoebe CM.; Berkley, James A. (2016) C1

This document was prepared in response to a need to review and potentially update the current recommendations for the antibiotic treatment of both inpatient and outpatient management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). The current recommendations (Table 1) are based on guidelines published in 2013 i... more

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Managing the Pandemic and Its Aftermath: Economies, Jobs, and International Migration in the Age of COVID-19

Migration Policy Institute (2020) C1

The COVID-19 pandemic’s immediate costs, measured in lives lost and damaged, have been appalling and continue to rise. In addition, its effects on individuals’ livelihoods and economies around the world have been deep and are likely to be long lasting. While saving lives was the near-exclusive f... more

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Fertilizing Crops to Improve Human Health: A Scientific Review

IPNI, IFA International Plant Nutrition Institute, International Fertilizer Industry Association (2012) C1

- The Role of Plant Nutrition in Supporting Food Security - Micronutrient Malnutrition: Causes, Prevalence, Consequences and Interventions - Fertilizer Application and Nutraceutical Content in Health-Functional Foods - Plant Nutrition and Health Risks Associated with Plant Diseases - Human Heal... more

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The Chagas disease study landscape: A systematic review of clinical and observational antiparasitic treatment studies

Maguire, B.; Dahal, P.; Rashan, S.; et al. (2021) CC

PLoS Neglected Tropical diseases August 16, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009697 Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a neglected tropical disease transmitted by triatomine insects, first identified in 1909. Chagas disease affects approximately 6–7 million peop... more

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Facilitating inclusion in disaster preparedness: A practical guide for CBOs

International Institute of Rural Reconstruction, Give2Asia (2018) C1

In disaster preparedness, the participation of women, children, older people, persons with disabilities (PWDs), and other minority groups and sectors is important because they are the most vulnerable against disasters. Inclusive disaster preparedness provides technical and logical frameworks that as... more

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Assessment Instrument for Mental Health Systems

World Health Organization WHO (2005) C_WHO

1. Provide treatment for mental disorders in primary care 2. Ensure wider accessibility to essential psychotropic drugs 3. Provide care in the community 4. Educate the public 5. Involve communities, families and consumers 6. Establish national policies, programmes and legislation on mental heal... more

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Guidance on tuberculosis control in vulnerable and hard-to-reach populations

Andreas Sandgren, Marieke J. van der Werf, Netta Beer et al. (2016) CC

This guidance provides an overview of interventions to improve early diagnosis of TB and treatment completion in these populations, as well as factors to consider when developing programmes for health communication, awareness and education, and programme monitoring and evaluation

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Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) (2015) CC

This report is a comprehensive statistical overview of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) in the 29 countries where the practice is concentrated. Analysis of the data reflects current perspectives on FGM/C, informed by the latest policy, programmatic and theoretical evidence.

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Environmentalism and Development in Catholic Social Teaching: a case of the Encyclical Laudato Si

Pavic, Z. ; Sundalic, A. Strossmayer J.J: et al. Research Gate (2016) C1

God. XXIX, BR. 2/2016. str. 323-334 In this paper an attempt has been made to contextualize the ecological dimension of contemporary Catholic social teaching. With this aim in mind, the authors discuss the merits of several theories and approaches (political economy approaches, ecological moderni... more

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Statement of guidance and recommendations to African Union Member States on the epidemic modelling of the COVID-19 pandemic

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2021) C1

Many African countries were amongst the most rapid to respond to the emerging threat of COVID-19, implementing large-scale interventions at very early stages of their epidemic. As demonstrated in this document using very simple models, this rapid mobilization and timeliness of implementing control m... more

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National Response Efforts to Address Sexual Violence and Exploitation Against Children in Lesotho: A Desktop Study

Weber, Stephanie Arlington, VA: USAID’s AIDS Support and Technical Assistance Resources, AIDSTAR-One, Task Order 1 (2013) C2

Scant data exists on the prevalence of violence against children worldwide. However, available information, including the United Nations Secretary-General’s Study on Violence against Children, shows that violence against children is a global problem. This desktop study aims to glean from published... more

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Prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni, soil-transmitted helminths and intestinal protozoa in orphans and street children in Mwanza city, Northern Tanzania

Franz, A.; A. Fuss, H.D. Mazigo, et al. (2023) CC

Infection 2023 Oct;51(5):1399-1406. doi: 10.1007/s15010-023-01999-9. Epub 2023 Feb 20. The results indicate a significantly higher rate of infections with S. mansoni in street children compared with orphans. This might be explained by the lack of access to adequate sanitation for street children ... more

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A double dose of inequality; Pharma companies and the Covid-19 vaccines crisis

Amnesty International (2022) C2

22 Sept. 2021 The rapid development of effective Covid-19 vaccines in 2020 gave hope to the world in the darkest days of the deadly pandemic. However, the vaccine roll-out has been massively skewed towards wealthy nations. While rich states have hoarded vaccines, companies have also played a decisi... more

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Leveraging the Learning Insights from HIV Programming for Pregnant and Parenting Adolescent Girls

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2023) CC

Pregnancy and childbirth during adolescence profoundly affects the lives of millions of girls worldwide, and is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, and infant and child mortality. Every year, an estimated 21 million girls aged 15–19 years old in low- and middle-income countries be... more