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Publication Years
3665
6653
990
75
10
1
1
Category
4442
831
581
577
556
260
136
3
Toolboxes
1302
1007
486
453
436
386
356
353
318
309
297
261
257
254
198
168
147
136
135
97
97
96
76
50
43
7
3
Die Liste wird kontinuierlich aktualisiert und beinhaltet die entsprechenden Tests zur professionellen Anwendung, die sich nach aktueller Kenntnis des BfArM in Deutschland in Verkehr befinden und laut den Herstellerangaben die jeweils aktuellen durch das Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (PEI) in Abstimmung mit
...
der Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) festgelegten Mindestkriterien für Antigen-Tests erfüllen.
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Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug approved for the treatment of parasitic infections, including strongyloidiasis and onchocerciasis in humans. There is a reported increase in the use of ivermectin for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 by the public in African Union Member States.
Currently
...
, there is:
1. No scientific evidence from pre-clinical studies on the therapeutic effect of ivermectin for the management of COVID-19;
2. No evidence of its clinical efficacy for the management of patients with asymptomatic, mild, moderate or severe COVID-19; and
3. No safety data regarding the use of ivermectin for COVID-19 in the majority of the published studies.
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L’ivermectine est un médicament antiparasitaire approuvé pour le traitement des infections parasitaires, y compris la strongyloïdose et l’onchocercose, chez l’être humain. Récemment, on a indiqué une augmentation de l’utilisation de l’ivermectine pour la prévention et le traitement
...
de la COVID-19 par le public dans les États membres de l’Union africaine. Actuellement, il n’y a : 1. Aucune preuve scientifique provenant d’études précliniques sur l’effet thérapeutique de l’ivermectine pour le traitement de COVID-19 2. Aucune preuve de son efficacité clinique pour la prise en charge de patients présentant une COVID-19 asymptomatique, légère, modérée ou sévère 3. Aucune donnée de sécurité concernant l’utilisation de l’ivermectine pour la COVID-19 dans la majorité des études publié
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La publicación describe los criterios en la recopilación y codificación de diagnósticos de la medicina alternativa y complementaria; así como, la metodología de registro estadístico sanitario en la atención de salud intercultural y de la medicina alternativa y complementaria.
This document is the seventh edition of the Ministry of Health’s officially approved prescribers’ and dispensers’ guide for all levels of
healthcare. Great effort has been put into aligning the prevailing health insurance benefits package to this edition.
Compounding of pharmaceutical formulations remain as the core skill of pharmacists and this manual is produced to include well referenced recipes that are easy to prepare, use readily available ingredients, have the longest expiry date possible and when necessary, pr
...
ovide more than one strength of formulation to accommodate the unique needs of different groups of patients.
Efforts have been made to search for substantiated references in producing this manual of extemporaneous preparations. However, the lists of compounded items in this manual are not exhaustive. Preparations included in the manual are for ingredients available commercially but not in the required dosage form for therapy and thus, necessitate extemporaneous preparations.
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a multifaceted, international public health problem, which poses a direct threat to the safety of the population of South Africa. A national response is required to complement the development of a global plan, as articulated in the WHO’s draft resolution EB134/37
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“Combating antimicrobial resistance including antibiotic resistance”, adopted by theWorld Health Assembly in May 2014. The overuse of antimicrobials is driving resistance. A return to appropriate, targeted antimicrobial use in humans, animals and the environment is critical if we are to conserve the antimicrobial armamentarium. Various interventions have been put in place to address antimicrobial resistance in South Africa. However, these are insufficient to effectively tackle the threat faced by the country. The strengths of the current system are outweighed by its weaknesses.
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat that requires urgent
collaborative action within and among countries. As a result of the worldwide reports of the increasing rates of AMR to hospital and community-acquired infections and in the agricultural sector, the Global Action Plan on AMR was
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adopted in 2015. T
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The Adult Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for Hospital Level provide a platform for transparency to enable equitable access to safe, effective, and affordable treatment options at hospital level taking into consideration the changing clinical needs of our population and th
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e pragmatic implications of the introducing a new health technology.
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Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) describes a set of principles and procedures that, when followed, ensure that medicines and related substances are of high quality, safety and efficacy. SAHPRA is a
participating authority of the Pharmaceutical Inspection Cooperation Scheme (jointly known as PIC/S)
...
. PIC/S aims to develop international standards between countries and pharmaceutical inspection
authorities, to provide harmonised and constructive co-operation in the field of GMP. PIC/S affiliation is subject to initial and periodic assessment of the participating authority to ensure that it has equivalent legislation, regulatory and enforcement procedures and inspection capacity.
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Reviewed Essential Medicines List July 2021
National Vaccination Schedule
Antimicrobial Resistance Division, Ministry of Health, National Action Plans and Monitoring and Evaluation
Basado en la Metodología POLARIS de Seguimiento Farmacoterapéutico, desarrollado por
Facultad de Química de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.
El Programa Nacional de Chagas ha definido la utilización de dos medicamentos para el tratamiento de la Enfermedad de Chagas Crónico Reciente Infantil (en niños de 9 meses a menor de 15 años); el benznidazol (BNZ) que será utilizado como medicamento de primera elección en todos los casos con d
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iagnóstico serológico positivo confirmado y el nifurtimox (NFT) que será utilizado como segunda alternativa en aquellos casos que hubieran presentado reacciones adversas graves al benznidazol, e indiquen un cambio de conducta.
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Accessed on 10.09.2022
Para evaluar la situación basal de los PROA en Chile, el grupo iniciativa del Milenio para la Investigación Colaborativa en Resistencia Bacteriana (MICROB-R), realizó una encuesta que en colaboración con el Ministerio de Salud debía ser respondida por los hospitales p
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blicos y privados de mediana y alta complejidad, durante el año 2021. Cabe señalar que debido a la contingencia de la pandemia por COVID-19, la llegada de la información y el monitoreo adecuado de las respuesta a la encuesta
por parte de las SEREMIs y Servicios de Salud se hizo muy dificultosa, lográndose que sólo un 56% de los hospitales respondieran la encuesta.
El presente informe da cuenta de los resultados obtenidos en la encuesta realizada.
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