Gerald Keusch, Keith McAdam, Patricia Cuff, Michelle Mancher, and Emily R. Busta
1
German Bishops' Conference Research Group on International Church Affairs
1
German Doctors
1
Germanavicius, A.
1
Ghana Health Service
1
GHS/NMCP/JHPIEGO/MSH/GLOBAL FUND (GFATM)
1
Gildas Agodokpessi, Nadia Aït-Khaled, Martin Gninafon, Leon Tawo, Wilfried Bekou, Christophe Perrin, Karen Bissell, Nils Billo, Donald A Enarson, Chen-Yuan Chiang
1
Global Asthma Network
1
Global Coalition for Circulatory Health
1
Global Handwashing Partnership
1
Global Initiative on Psychiatry (GIP)
1
Godfrey, E.
1
Government of Kenya
1
Government of Lesotho, World Health Organization (WHO) & United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
1
Government of Malawi, Ministry of Health
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Department of Health Services, National Centre for AIDS and STD Control
1
Government of Nepal,Ministry of Health and Population, Department of Health Services
1
Government of Nigeria
1
Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate General of Health Services ...
1
GOVERNMENT OF SIERRA LEONE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SANITATION
1
Government of Sierra Leone, Department for International Development, UN Population Fund, Irish Aid
1
Government of Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation
1
Government of Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Health Education Division
1
Government of the Kingdom of Swaziland Ministry of Health
1
Government of the Republic of Zambia
1
Government of Timor-Leste
1
Government of Uganda
1
Gupta, A.
1
Gupta, R.
1
Gutiéerrez, J.
1
Gutiérrez, J.
1
Guzek, John
1
Guzman-Vilca, W. C.
1
Gyssens I. C., W. V. Kern, D. M. Livermore
1
H. Drobna, C. Mallouris
1
H. E. Erskine
1
H. Ronald
1
H. Tadeg
1
H.N.C. Yoder, W..Tol, R. Reis and J.T.V.M. deJong
1
Haefele-Abah, C.
1
Haematologica
1
Haitham Shoman, Emilie Karafillakis and Salman Rawaf
1
Halaharvi, H.
1
Haldane, V., De Foo, C., Abdalla, S.M. et al.
1
Hariharan, N., Ishtiaq, A., Eldridge, C., et al.
1
Harm Reduction International
1
Harris. P.
1
Harrison, J.A.K.
1
Health Workforce Team of the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (WHO
1
Health & Family Welfare, Government of Kerala
1
Health and Education Advice and Resource Team
1
Health Care Without Harm Asia
1
Health Cluster
1
Health Department Republic of South Africa
1
Health policy and planning
1
HEART (Health & Education Advice and Resource Team
1
Herman Woerdenbag
1
Hernández Serrano, P.
1
Hesperian
1
Hesperian Health Guides
1
Hindricks, G.
1
hit.org.uk
1
HIV i-BASE/TREATMENT ACTION GROUP
1
Hoffmann, C.
1
Honein MA, Christie A, Rose DA, et al.
1
Hotez, P.
1
Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG)
1
Hridaya Harm Reduction in India
1
Hsia Y., B. R Lee, A. Versporten, et al
1
Huihui Wang, Nathaniel Otoo, and Lydia Dsane-Selby
1
Hung Nguyen-Viet
1
i-base
1
I. Frost
1
IACAPAP
1
ICAP
1
ICASO
1
ICF
1
ICF International
1
ICF Macro, USA
1
ICRC
1
ICRC - International Committee of the Red Cross
1
ICS
1
IDS
1
IFRC
1
IFRC, et al.
1
Ilona Kickbusch
1
Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
1
India HIV/AIDS Alliance
1
Indian Council of Medical Research & Department of Biotechnology
1
INPUD
1
Insight
1
Institute for Community Inclusion at University of Massachusetts
1
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)
1
Inter-Agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in Crisis IAWG and UNFPA
1
International Agency for Prevention of Blindness IAPB
1
International Bureau for Epilepsy
1
International Centre for Evidence in Disability (ICED)
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), World Health Organization (WHO)
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Geneva
1
International Journal of Mental Health Systems
1
International Journal of Molecular Scienes
1
International League against Epilepsy
1
International Livestock Research Institute ILRI
1
International Medical Corps
1
International Organization for Migration IOM
1
International Pharmaceutical Federation
1
International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP)
1
International Rescue Committee
1
International Society for infectious Diseases
1
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), World Health Organization (WHO)
1
ISDR
1
Islamic Relief
1
Istivto Svpreriore di Santità
1
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
1
J. Amon
1
J. Begovac
1
J. Begovacc
1
J. G. Scott
1
J. Langer and J. Slawomirski
1
J. M. Somers
1
J. Strang
1
J. Wasserheit, H. Schünemann, et cl.
1
J. Watts Belser, D. David
1
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
1
Jane Doherty
1
Jane N. Mutanga
1
Japan Committee for UNICEF (JCU)
1
Jens Martens and Karolin Seitz
1
Jindal, D.
1
John Hopkins Bloomberg School
1
John Hopkins Hospital antimicrobioal Stewardship Program
1
Joint HIV, TB and PMTCT Review Steering committee
1
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV
1
Jolliffe, Kim
1
Joseph McCord, Emily Bancroft and Jessica Crawford
1
Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research
1
Journal of Infection and Public Health
1
Journal of Movements Disorders
1
Journal of Palliative Medicine
1
Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice
1
Journal of Virus Eradication
1
JSI Research & Training Institute, Inc., and Management Sciences for Health
1
Juga, E.
1
Juliette Raymond
1
Juodkaite D.
1
Jusot, V.
1
K. Hiban, I. Frost, et al.
1
K. Stone
1
Kadam. A.
1
Kanu, H.
1
Kenya Law Reports (KLR)
1
Kenya Medical Research Institute
1
Kessler, R.C., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., et al.
1
Khuluza, F.
1
Kibui A., Mugo R., Nyaga G., et al.
1
KNCV
1
Kraus, S.
1
Krause G., M. Borchert, J. Benzler et al.
1
Kwami Afutu
1
L. Bebora and P. Gathumbi
1
L. Fairlie
1
L. Guillermo Castañeda
1
L. Jankelowitz
1
L. Mofenson
1
L. Savikj
1
La Sociedad Argentina de Infectología S.A.D.I.
1
Laaser, U., F. Beluli
1
Labonté et al
1
Lawrence Flick Memorial Tuberculosis Clinic, Philadelphia Tuberculosis Control Program
1
LEAP
1
Ledingham, K.
1
Legalife-Ukraine
1
Lenzen, M.
1
Leon-Velarde, F.
1
Liberia Medicines and Health Products Regulatory Authority (LMHRA)
1
Linju Maria, J.
1
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)
1
Luwabelwa, M.
1
M. Alonso González
1
M. Archary
1
M. Dara, C. D. Acosta, M. V. S. Vinklers Melchers, et al.
1
M. Gogia
1
M. Joffres
1
M. Schneider
1
M. Smelyanskaya, J. Duncan (The Focus Group Consulting)
1
M. Sologashvili
1
M. Zondervan, H. Kuper, et al.
1
M.Johnson
1
M.N. Ngongondo
1
M.Revishvili
1
Machalaba
1
MacKinnon, K.
1
MacKinnon,K.
1
Management Sciences for Health (MSH)
1
Manju Vatsa, Duangvadee Sungkhobol, Sudarshan Kumari, et al.
1
Marc Prou & Mel Schorin
1
Mario R Dal Poz, Neeru Gupta, Estelle Quain and Agnes LB Soucat
1
Maternal & Childhealth Advocacy International (MCAI) , Advanced Life Support Group (ALSG)
1
Mauder, S.
1
Maxwell, J.
1
Mbengue M. A. S., A. K. Bei, A. Mboup
1
MCHIP
1
MEDBOX Team
1
Medicines Control Council (MCC), Department of Health Republic of South Africa
1
Mediscript Ltd
1
Megan S. Towle, et al.
1
Mehtonen, J.
1
Meis, M.
1
Melissa Leach
1
Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 4).
1
Mercer, E
1
Médecins Sans Frontières
1
Médecins sans Frontières MSF
1
Minister for Medical Services
1
Ministerio de Salud Chile
1
Ministerio de salud y deportes, Bolivia
1
Ministry of Health and Ministry of Environment Ghana
1
Ministry of Health & Child Welfare
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW), World Health Organization WHO
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India, et al.
1
Ministry of Health & Sanitation, Sierra Leone
1
Ministry of Health & Social Welfare India
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate-General of Health Services, Mycobacterial Disease Control, National Tuberculosis Control Programme
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India
1
Ministry of Health and Medical Education Iran
1
Ministry of Health and Ministry of Industry, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
1
Ministry of Health and Population, Ministry of Health, Nepal
1
Ministry of Health and Quality of Life Mauritius
1
Ministry of Health and Sanitation Sierra Leone,
1
Ministry of Health and Sanitation, International Centre for Eye Health, Sightsavers
1
Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS), Namibia
1
Ministry of Health and Social Services, Republic of Namibia
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Liberia
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, National AIDS Control Programme, Tanzania
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Republic of Liberia
1
Ministry of Health Malawi
1
Ministry of Health Malaysia
1
MINISTRY OF HEALTH, BARBADOS
1
Ministry of Health, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
1
Ministry of Health, Fiji
1
Ministry of Health, Liberia
1
Ministry of Health, Madagascar
1
Ministry of Health, Ministry of Food and Agriculture, et al.
1
Ministry of Health, Nepal
1
Ministry of Health, Republic of Botswana
1
Ministry of Health, Republic of Kenya
1
Ministry of Health, South Africa
1
Ministry of Health. The Goverment of the Kingdom of Swaziland
1
Ministry of Medical Services and Ministry of Public Health & Sanitation, Republic of Kenya
1
Ministry of Public Health, Quatar
1
Ministry pf Health and Sanitation Sierra Leone
1
Mitchell, S. et al.
1
Mohan P. Joshi Malaïka Ludman Dan Kibuule, et al.
1
Moriana, S.
1
Mortimer, K.
1
MSF Access Campaign
1
MSF Médecins sans Frontières
1
MSF South Africa and Lesotho
1
MSH
1
Mugomeri, Eltony
1
Multiple Sclerosis international federation
1
Mumbo, AA.
1
Muntean Al., Popa M.
1
Muñiz F. J., de Casado G. C. , et al.
1
Mursaleena Islam
1
N. Metrebian
1
N.Nortey Hanson-Nortey
1
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
1
National Agency for Control of AIDS (NACA)
1
National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA)
1
National AIDS
1
National AIDS Commission Indonesia
1
National Centre for AIDS and STD Control (NCASC)
1
National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health NICE
1
National Coordinating Agency for Population and Development , Ministry of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation
1
National Council for Law Reporting with the Authority of the Attorney-General
1
National Department of Health
1
National Drug Authority (NDA), Uganda
1
National Health Accounts Technical Secretariat, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of india
1
National Health Mission
1
National Institut for Health and Care Excellence NICE
1
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)
1
National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru India
1
National Pharmacy Services Division, Ministry of Health & Medical Services
1
National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
1
National Rural Health Mission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India
1
National TB Control Program, Department of Health
1
National TB Control Programme, Bangladesh
1
Nature Communications
1
Ndetei D, Musyimi C, Musau A, Matoke L, Mutiso V
1
NdOH South Africa
1
Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
1
New ERA
1
Nguyen, T.
1
NHSSP
1
Nilar Tin et al.
1
Noel G. Macalalad, Ma. Cecilia G. Ama, Arthur B. Lagos et al.
1
Nunziata, K. R.
1
Nữ tu Bác sĩ Nguyễn Thị Hiền
1
Nwokike J., Ludeman E., Thumm M.
1
O. Bandmann
1
Observatory of the Penal System and Human Rights (University of Barcelona)
1
OECD
1
OECD Publishing, Paris
1
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA
1
Office of Health Standards Compliance (OHSC), South Africa
1
Official Journal of the European Union
1
Ojji, D.B.
1
Olans R. N. , R. D. Olans, A. DeMaria Jr
1
Ophthalmic Services Unit
1
Orange Health Consultants
1
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Eurostat and World Health Organization (WHO)
1
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
1
organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), Fédération internationale pharmaceutique (FIP)
1
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), Federación Internacional Farmacéutica (FIP)
1
Oritz, G.
1
Osman, H.
1
Ouédraogo M., Samadoulougou S., Rouamba T. et. al.
1
Ovid
1
Oxfam International
1
Oxford University Press
1
P. Berry, K. Ebi and L. Varangu
1
P. Brouwers
1
P. De Castro
1
P. Drain, and T. Hall
1
P. J. de Vries
1
P. K. Maulik
1
P. Thorn
1
Pact (Building Capacity Worldwide)
1
Pact Inc. and International Center for Research on Women (ICRW)
1
Pakoyo Fadhiru Kamba, Munanura Edson Ireeta, Sulah Balikuna et al.
1
Palale M.
1
Palmero, D.
1
Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO)
1
Pan American Health Organization PAHO, World Health Organization WHO
Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine & Homoeopathy, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India
1
Pharmacy and Poisons Board, Ministry of Health, Kenya
1
Pharmacy Board of Australia
1
Pharmacy, Medicines and Poisons Board, Malawi
1
Philippine Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Philippine College of Chest Physicians, Philippine Academy of Family Physicians
1
Phone Myint
1
Pijnenburg, M.W.
1
Pitrez, P. M.
1
PLOS Global Public Health
1
PLOS Medicine
1
PMC
1
PMC - US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
1
PNG
1
Pohlig G, Bernhard SC, Blum J, Burri C, Mpanya A, et al.
1
Polly Clayden, Simon Collins, Mike Frick, et al.
1
Popa G.
1
Positive Women
1
Potter, A.L., Vandy, M., Smart, N. Blanchet, K.l.
1
President’s Malaria Initiative, CDC, MCHIP, MCSP
1
Prevent Project
1
Prince, M., and J. Jackson
1
Prof. C. Abobltins, L. Brown, Prof N. Curtis, et al.
1
Program for Appropriate Technology in Health PATH
1
Pub Med
1
Public Health Foundation India
1
Publications Office
1
Publisher: National Academic Press
1
PubMed.gov
1
R Loewenson
1
R. Bucciardini
1
R. Clarke
1
R. Elovich
1
R. Walker
1
R.M.
1
R.S. Stephenson
1
Radcliffe
1
Rahman-Shepherd, A.
1
Rajbongshi, S.
1
Rajiha A. Ibrahim, Amete M. Teshal, Surafel F. Dinku, et al.
1
Rational Pharmaceutical Management Project
1
Ray, K.K.
1
Râjnoveanu, R.M.
1
ReAct
1
ReAct Action on Antibiotic Resistance
1
ReAct, Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network
1
Rebuilding Basic Health Services Project (RBHS)
1
Reddel, H. K.
1
Redfern, J. et al.
1
Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET)
1
Regional Office for Europe
1
Reilly, K.
1
reliefweb
1
Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Health
1
Republic of Liberia, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
1
Republic of Uganda, Ministry of Health
1
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory
1
Results for Development (R4D)
1
Right to Care (Training Health Seriously)
1
Robin G. and J. Balbus
1
Roma Active Albania
1
Royal Pharmaceutical Society, etal.
1
Rumunu, J. et al.
1
S. Basu
1
S. Caffe
1
S. Gogochashvili
1
S. Groth, G. Forte et al.
1
S. I. Ngulde
1
S. Ibisevic
1
S. Ijaz
1
S. Mokitimi
1
S. Seedat
1
S. Uysal
1
S.Kinloch-de Loës, et al.
1
SAARC Tuberculosis and HIV
1
Sachs, J. D.
1
Sachs, J., Karim, S., Aknin, L. et al.
1
Sachy, M
1
Saimiento, Juan Pablo et al.
1
Salvage J, Rowson M, Melf K, Wilmen A
1
Samalin, L.
1
Sandy Greenwood, Timmy Manea, Willie Horoto et al.
1
Santesso, N.
1
Save the Children
1
Schramm, P,J.
1
Schweizerisches Rotes Kreuz
1
Sebit, W.
1
Seiglie, J.A.
1
Séverin, T. et al.
1
SFU MPH Capstone Project
1
Shaping Health Programme
1
Sheena Posey Norris, Erin Hammers Forstag, and Bruce M. Altevogt
1
Siddiqui, Rubi et al.
1
Sierra Leone Red Cross Society
1
Singh-Phulgenda, S., Dahal, P., Ngu, R. et al.
1
Sirinivas, S.
1
Slama, S.
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action: A Communication for Development Platform
1
Society of Hospital Medicine
1
Solomon, A.W.
1
Sophie Witter, Nouria Brikci, Tim Harris, et al.
1
South Africa's Dept. of Health
1
Southern African HIV Clinicians Society
1
Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
1
Souza Salles, T.
1
Springer International Publishing
1
Springer Science+Business Media
1
State Goverment Victoria
1
Stefan Mauss, Thomas Berg, Jürgen Rockstroh et al.
1
Stemmet, C.L.
1
STEPS Centre, Institute of Development Studies
1
Steve Aldrich, et al.
1
Steve Peat
1
Stockholm Drug and Therapeutics Committee
1
STOP AIDS
1
Stop TB Partnership, World Health Organization
1
Stree Shakti-The Parallel Force, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
1
Svitanok
1
T. D. Benton
1
T. da Encarnação Sá-Guimarães, E. Seam Lima de Alvarenga et al.
1
T. Groshkova
1
T. Jones and J. Bedford
1
T. Rhodes
1
TAJSTAN
1
Tanzania Food and Drugs Authority
1
Tapash Roy et al.
1
tein, D. J.et al.
1
TFDA
1
Than Tun Sein
1
The Alliance for children protection in humanitarian action
1
The Asia Foundation
1
The Australian College of Pharmacy
1
The Center for Health Market Innovations.
1
The Chatham House
1
the Essential Drugs Programme, the PHC
1
The Ethiopian Public Health Institute
1
The European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS)
1
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the World Health Organization (WHO)
1
The Georg Institute for Global Health India
1
The Government of Malawi
1
The Government of Zambia
1
The Independent Panel
1
The Irish Hospice Foundation, et al.
1
The Lancet Commissions
1
The Lancet healthy Longevity
1
The Lancet Regional Health - Americas
1
The MOST Project
1
The National Formulary Committee, National Drug Policy, DOH Philippines
1
The National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme, Zambia
1
The Nielsen Company Pvt. Ltd.
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sports, Department of Health
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sports, Department of Medical Research, Department of Public Health, Department of Medical Care, UNFPA
1
The United Republic of Tanzania - Ministry of Health Community Development Gender Elderly and Children
1
The Women´s Health Council
1
Thomson, R.
1
Thriemer K, Katuala Y, Batoko B, Alworonga J-P, Devlieger H, et al.
1
Tigrey Health Bureau
1
Tilahun Tadesse, B., E. A. Ashley, S. Ongarello et al.
1
Titus, M., Hendricks, R., Ndemueda, J., McQuide, et al
1
Toru Hifumi et al.
1
Towards a Safer World
1
Tromp, J.
1
Tudorache, E. et al.
1
Turkova, A.
1
U. Williams
1
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
1
U.S. Global Malaria Coordinator
1
U.S. Government
1
UN
1
UN Country Team in Papua New Guinea
1
UN Women (United Nations for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women)
1
UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS)
Despite the continuing war in Ukraine, the Government is preparing for the country’s recovery and reconstruction. Given the magnitude of the attacks on the health infrastructure and consequent disruption to health system functioning, reconstruction of the health system is integral to the country...s recovery. The immediate priorities are to restore essential services, respond to new physical and mental health needs, protect public health, and provide a secure and attractive environment for the return of both health professionals and the general population. This policy note identifies strategic directions for post-war health system recovery in the short and longer terms, while sustaining essential health services during the ongoing invasionmore
The application of digital health technology is growing at a rapid rate in Africa, with the goals of improving the delivery of healthcare services and more effectively reaching out to remote and underserved communities. The lack of enabling guidelines and standards across the continent, on the other... hand, makes it difficult to share data in a meaningful way across the continent.
Considering this, Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) established a task force of 24 members to provide expertise and guidance in the development of AU HIE guidelines and standards. Members of the task force were subject matter experts working in Africa and internationally on the collection, analysis, and exchange of health information. Some of these experts had been involved in previous consultations on defining Africa CDC’s health information systems strategy. A chairperson, co-chairperson, and secretary were elected to engage the task force members in different technical working groups.more
A cross-sectional descriptive study design covering all states and regions was undertaken to:
1) To assess availability, utilization and supply chain management system for RH commodities at different levels of health facilities,
2) To assess quality of RH services with emphasis on family ...planning in terms of training, supervision, use of guidelines and ICT, and
3) To determine clients’ accessibility to RH services provided at different level of facilities.more
It provides insight into WHO’s work that aims to improve the health of the people of the United Republic of Tanzania in collaboration with key stakeholders.
Unstable settings present challenges for the effective provision of antiretroviral treatment (ART). In this paper, we summarize the experience and results of providing ART and implementing contingency plans during acute instability in the Central African Republic (CAR) and Yemen.
This National Action Plan addresses actions needed to be taken in order to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the country. It is obligatory to raise awareness of antimicrobial resistance and promote behavioral change through public communication
programmes that targets human, animal and plant... health. Inclusion of the use of antimicrobial agents and resistance in school curricula will further promote better understanding and awareness from an early age. Antimicrobial Resistance knowledge, surveillance and research will be strengthened through establishing a national surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance, establishing and building capacity for a national reference laboratory and designated laboratories for AMR surveillance, developing a national research agenda on AMR and establishing and supporting a coordinated mechanism that will ensure harmonized AMR guidelines, data management and sharing systems in human, animal and plant health settings.more
People with disabilities experience significant health inequalities. In Malawi, where most individuals live in low-income rural settings, many of these inequalities are exacerbated by restricted access to health care services. This qualitative study explores the barriers to health care access experi...enced by individuals with a mobility or sensory impairment, or both, living in rural villages in Dowa district, central Malawi. In addition, the impact of a chronic lung condition, alongside a mobility or sensory impairment, on health care accessibility is explored.more
ABSTRACT
More than 500 million people worldwide live with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Health systems today face fundamental challenges in delivering optimal care due to ageing populations, healthcare workforce constraints, financing, availability and affordability of CVD medicine, and service del...ivery.
Digital health technologies can help address these challenges. They may be a tool
to reach Sustainable Development Goal 3.4 and reduce premature mortality from
non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by a third by 2030. Yet, a range of fundamental barriers prevents implementation and access to such technologies. Health system governance, health provider, patient and technological factors can prevent or distort their implementation.
World Heart Federation (WHF) roadmaps aim to identify essential roadblocks on the pathway to effective prevention, detection, and treatment of CVD. Further, they aim to provide actionable solutions and implementation frameworks for local adaptation. This WHF Roadmap for digital health in cardiology identifies barriers to implementing digital health technologies for CVD and provides recommendations for overcoming them.more
The rapid assessment tool (RAT) is meant to assess health facilities within mpox-affected areas that have at least one inpatient bed. Depending on time and resources available, certain facilities may be prioritized during an mpox outbreak. The RAT evaluates 16 infection prevention and control (IPC) ...and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) criteria identified as the minimum essential elements required for safe patient care and prevention of transmission within the health facility during readiness or response activities for outbreaks of mpox.more
The aim of these Guidelines is to provide a framework for the conservation and sustainable use of plants in medicine. To do this, the Guidelines describe the various tasks that should be carried out to ensure that where medicinal plants are taken from the wild, they are taken on a basis that is sust...ainable.
The Guidelines conform to the principles of Caring for the Earth, prepared in partnership by IUCN, UNEP and WWF. Caring for the Earth extends the message and scope of the World Conservation Strategy to an ethic of sustainable living, and explains how to integrate conservation with development. Its message is particularly relevant to the issue of medicinal plants, which in many parts of the world are being seriously depleted due to over-exploitation and loss of habitats, resulting in a lack of essential medicines and so reducing options for the future.more
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is described as a situation when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites
change over time and no longer respond to medicines, making infections harder or impossible to treat,
and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness and death.1 AMR in recent years has... become
a global priority in public health due to its widespread consequences and increasing occurrence from
time to time. AMR has a formidable impact where the existing antibiotics and other antimicrobial
medicines become ineffective, and infections become increasingly difficult or impossible to treat.more
Introduction Pharmacovigilance (PV) systems to monitor drug and vaccine safety are often inadequate in sub-Saharan
Africa. In Malawi, a PV enhancement initiative was introduced to address major barriers to PV.
Objective The objective of this initiative was to improve reporting of adverse events (A...Es) by strengthening passive safety
surveillance via PV training and mentoring of local PV stakeholders and healthcare providers (HCPs) at their own healthcare
facilities (HCFs).
Methods An 18-month PV training and mentoring programme was implemented in collaboration with national stakeholders,
and in partnership with the Ministry of Health, GSK and PATH. Two-day training was provided to Expanded Programme on
Immunisation coordinators, identified as responsible for AE reporting, and four National Regulatory Authority representa-
tives. Abridged PV training and mentoring were provided regularly to HCPs. Support was given in upgrading the national
PV system. Key performance indicators included the number of AEs reported, transmission of AE forms, completeness of
reports, serious AEs reported and timeliness of recording into VigiFlow.
Results In 18 months, 443 HCPs at 61 HCFs were trained. The number of reported AEs increased from 22 (January 2000 to
October 2016) to 228 (November 2016 to May 2018), enabling Malawi to become a member of the World Health Organization
Programme for International Drug Monitoring. Most (98%) AE report forms contained mandatory information on reporter,
event, patient and product, but under 1% were transmitted to the national PV office within 48 h.
Conclusion Regular PV training and mentoring of HCPs were effective in enhancing passive safety surveillance in Malawi,
but the transmission of reports to the national PV centre requires further improvement.more
Inequality of access to palliative care and symptom relief is one of the greatest disparities in global health care (1). Currently, there is avoidable suffering on a massive scale due to lack of access to palliative care and symptom relief in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (1). Yet basic p...alliative care that can prevent or relieve most suffering due to serious or life-threatening health conditions can be taught easily to generalist clinicians, can be provided in the community and requires only simple, inexpensive medicines and equipment. For these reasons, the World Health Assembly (WHA) resolved that palliative care is "an ethical responsibility of health systems"(2). Further, most patients who need palliative care are at home and prefer to remain there. Thus, it is imperative that palliative care be provided in the community as part of primary care. This document was written to assist ministries of health and health care planners, implementers and managers to integrate palliative care and symptom control into primary health care (PHC).more