Q8.SCOPING QUESTION: In adults and older adolescents with depressive disorder, what is the comparative effectiveness of different formats of psychological treatments?
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                A formulary of dermatological preparations and background information on therapeutic choices, production and dispensing. 2nd edition
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Background paper 8
The Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response
May 2021
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Following the 2014 Euromaidan Revolution, Ukraine embarked on a national reform program to reduce widespread corruption within government. In the health sector, the government introduced several complementary reforms that aimed to improve the health outcomes of Ukrainian citizens, but designed in su...ch a way that they would also reduce corruption. The reforms included reconfiguring primary care financing and essential medicines reimbursement under the newly formed National Health Service of Ukraine; raising the remuneration of health professionals; introducing a transparent, merit-based, process for medical university admissions; and initiating development of an eHealth digital records system.
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                                                                A role for nuclear techniques
Antimicrobials play a critical role in the treatment of human and animal (aquatic and terrestrial) diseases, which has led to their widespread application and use. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the ability of microorganisms to stop an antibiotic, such as an antimic...robial, antiviral or antimalarial, from working against them. Globally, about 700 000 deaths per year arise from resistant infections as a result of the fact that antimicrobial drugs have become less effective at killing resistant pathogens. Antimicrobial chemicals that are present in environmental compartments can trigger the development of AMR. These chemicals can also cause antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) to further spread antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) because they may have an evolutionary advantage over non-resistant bacteria.
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                                                                For the primary health worker in a low/middle-income country (LMIC) setting, delivering quality primary care is challenging. This is often complicated by clinical guidance that is out of date, inconsistent and informed by evidence from high-income countries that ignores LMIC resource constraints and... burden of disease. The Knowledge Translation Unit (KTU) of the University of Cape Town Lung Institute has developed, implemented and evaluated a health systems intervention in South Africa, and localised it to Botswana, Nigeria, Ethiopia and Brazil, that simplifies and standardises the care delivered by primary health workers while strengthening the system in which they work. At the core of this intervention, called Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK), is a clinical decision support tool, the PACK guide. This paper describes the development of the guide over an 18-year period and explains the design features that have addressed what the patient, the clinician and the health system need from clinical guidance, and have made it, in the words of a South African primary care nurse, ‘A tool for every day for every patient’. It describes the lessons learnt during the development process that the KTU now applies to further development, maintenance and in-country localisation of the guide: develop clinical decision support in context first, involve local stakeholders in all stages, leverage others’ evidence databases to remain up to date and ensure content development, updating and localisation articulate with implementation.
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                                                                Known avoidable environmental risks to health cause at least 12.6 million deaths every year, and account for about one quarter of the global burden of disease (2016 data) (1). Air pollution alone causes about 7 million
deaths a year, placing it among the top global risks to health (2). Global envir...onmental challenges are on the rise, including climate change, rapid urbanization and increased resistance to drugs.
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                                                                MOH clinical practice guidelines
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                The revised package of BFHI materials includes five sections: 1. Background and Implementation, 2. Strengthening and Sustaining the BFHI: A course for decision-makers, 3. Breastfeeding Promotion and Support in a Baby-friendly Hospital: a 20-hour course for maternity staff, 4. Hospital Self-Appraisal... and Monitoring, and 5. External Assessment and Reassessment. Sections 1 to 4 are widely available while section 5 is for limited distribution.
 
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                                                                We investigate whether and to what extent Chinese development finance affects infant mortality, combining 92 demographic and health surveys (DHS) for a maximum of 53 countries and almost 55,000 sub-national locations over the 2002-2014 period. We address causality by instrumenting aid with a set of ...interacted variables. Variation over
time results from indicators that measure the availability of funding in a given year. Cross-sectional variation results from a sub-national region’s “probability to receive aid.” Controlled for this probability in tandem with fixed effects for country-years and provinces, the interactions of these variables form powerful and excludable instruments. Our results show that Chinese aid increases infant mortality at sub-national scales, but decreases mortality at the countrylevel. In several tests, we show that this stark contrast likely results from aid being fungible within recipient countries.
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                                                                Water, sanitation and hygiene education in schools – WASH in Schools – provides safe drinking water, improves sanitation facilities and promotes lifelong health. WASH in Schools enhances the well-being of children and their families, and paves the way for new generations of healthy children.
 f...rom Schools offers a snapshot of WASH in Schools experiences across the globe. These stories have been gathered through a retrospective search of UNICEF’s global and country office websites. They represent a myriad of activities undertaken by UNICEF and partners in 2010 and 2011.
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                                                                This interim guidance is for LTCF managers and corresponding infection prevention and control (IPC) focal persons in LTCF and updates the guidance published in March 2020. The objective of this document is to provide guidance on IPC in LTCFs in the context of COVID-19 to 1) prevent COVID-19-virus fr...om entering the facility and spreading within the facility, and 2) to support safe conditions for visiting through the rigorous application of IPC procedures for the residents’ well-being.  WHO will update these recommendations as new information becomes available.
Availabel in English, French, Russian and Spanish
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                                                                Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud – Colombia Guía No. GPC-2015-51
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Intensive Care Med (2009) 35:9–29DOI 10.1007/s00134-008-1336-9
Although  thousands  of  papers  have  been  devoted  tohospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), many controversiesremain, and management of HAP is probably often sub-optimal.  Several  reviews  or  guidelines  have  been  pub-lished  rec...ently,  mostly  by  North  American  initiatives(CDC, ATS). Three    European    Societies    (ERS,    ESCMID    andESICM)  were  interested  in  producing  a  document  thatcould   complement   in   some   way   the   last   IDSA/ATS guidelines published 3 years ago. In addition, the Helics
working group supported this initiative.
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                                                                guidance for health managers, health workers, and activists 
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                This  valuable  and  timely  guidebook  represents  an  innovative  contribution  to  enhancing  quality  education  through  textbooks.  It  will  change  the  way  textbook  authors,  publishers  and  educators,  as  well  as  governments  of  the  United  Nations  Member  States,  see  the  poten...tial  of  educational  media  at  a  time  of  growing  violent  extremism,  changing  notions of national identity, increasingly globalized and diverse communities, and environmental destruction. The need for  education  that  promotes  peace,  social  justice  and  global  citizenship  has  become  more  urgent  in  a  world  of  greater  uncertainty.  This  guidebook  builds  on  the  momentum  of  Agenda  2030,  providing  a  toolkit  to  enable  textbook  authors  to place ESD at the core of their subjects in ways that are at once practical for them and interesting and relevant to the students.  
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                                                                This document aims to provide guidance to healthcare facilities and healthcare providers in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) and the United Kingdom (UK) on preparedness and infection prevention and control (IPC) measures for the management of possible and confirmed cases of COVID-1...9 in healthcare settings, including long-term care facilities (LTCFs). In addition, this document addresses the management of clinical diagnostic specimens at laboratories in the EU/EEA. This is the sixth update of the ECDC guidance on ‘Infection prevention and control and preparedness for COVID-19 in healthcare settings’, and replaces the document dated 6 October 2020.
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                                                                Developmental disorders
Chapter C.5