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Facing Alzheimer’s disease in the developing countries

Marciani, D.J. Rev Neuropsiquiatr (2017) C2

Enfrentando la enfermedad de Alzheimer en los países en desarrollo. Rev Neuropsiquiatr 80 (2), 2017 (P. 105-110) Recibido: 03/02/2017 Aceptado: 12/06/2017

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Global surveillance, prevention and control of chronic respiratory diseases - a comprehensive approach

Bousquet, J.; Khaltaev, N. (2007) C_WHO

Chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kill more than four million people every year and affect hundreds of millions more. These diseases erode the health and well-being of the patients and have a negative impact on families and societies. Women ... more

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National strategic Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable diseases 2020-2025; South Africa National NCD Strategic Plan

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), including mental disorders, currently pose one of the biggest threats to health and development globally, particularly in low and middle income countries2. It is predicted that unless proven interventions are rapidly implemented in countries, in the short to medium ... more

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Epidemic diarrhoeal disease preparedness and response. training and practice. Facilitator's guide

World Health Organization (2014)

Accessed November 2014

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Effective Implementation of Public Health and Social Measures in Sudan: Situational Analysis

WHO; Africa CDC; World Economic Forum et al. PERC (2020) C_WHO

PERC produces regional and member state situation analyses, updated regularly.

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Technical Guidelines for Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response in Sierra Leone

GOVERNMENT OF SIERRA LEONE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SANITATION (2008) C1

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The Global Burden of Disease Study at 30 years

Murray, C.J.L. nature medicine (2022) CC

The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) began 30 years ago with the goal of providing timely, valid and relevant assessments of critical health outcomes. Over this period, the GBD has become progressively more granular. The latest iteration provides assessments of thousands of outcomes for diseases... more

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Strengthening the collection, analysis and use of health workforce data and information: a handbook

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Access to health workers who are fit for purpose, motivated and protected is a fundamental force of health service delivery and the achievement of universal health coverage and the health and health-related Sustainable Development Goals. Data and knowledge of the distribution, skill mix and future d... more

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Treatment of Mycobacterium Ulcerans Disease (Buruli Ulcer)
recommended

World Health Organization WHO WHO (2012) C_WHO

Guidance for health workers

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Lesotho Nursing Task Analysis Report

Stender, Stacie; Christensen, Alice et al. (2013) C1

Lesotho’s predominantly rural population faces significant health challenges within a setting of inadequate human resources for health. It is essential that nurses and nurse-midwives, who together make up the largest health workforce in the country, be adequately prepared to address Lesotho’s He... more

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FAO-WFP early warning analysis of acute food insecurity hotspots - July 2020

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; World Food Programme WFP (2020) CC

A new reportshows that people in some 25 countries are set to face devasting levels of hunger in coming months due to the fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic. While the greatest concentration of need is in Africa, countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, and in the Middle East and Asia – inclu... more

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Confronting the gender impact of Ebola virus disease in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone

UN Development Programme (2015)

UNDP Africa Policy Note

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2021 Antibacterial agents in clinical and preclinical development: an overview and analysis

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

This report presents an analysis of antibacterial agents in preclinical (third annual review) and clinical (fifth annual review) development. The analysis covers traditional (direct-acting small molecules) and non-traditional antibacterial agents in development worldwide. It evaluates to what extent... more

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Effective Implementation of Public Health and Social Measures in Nigeria: Situational Analysis

WHO; Africa CDC; World Economic Forum et al. PERC (2020) C_WHO

PERC produces regional and member state situation analyses, updated regularly.

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Neonatal health in Nepal: analysis of absolute and relative inequalities and impact of current efforts to reduce neonatal mortality

Paudel, D., Shrestha, I.B., Siebeck, M. & Rehfuess, E.A. (2013) CC

Nepal has made substantial progress in reducing under-five mortality and is on track to achieve Millennium Development Goal 4, but advances in neonatal health are less encouraging. The objectives of this study were to assess relative and absolute inequalities in neonatal mortality over time, and to ... more

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ECOSOC Meeting “Addressing noncommunicable diseases and mental health: major challenges to sustainable development in the 21st century”

World Health Organization (2009) C_WHO

Discussion Paper "Mental health, poverty and development", July 2009

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Effective Implementation of Public Health and Social Measures in South Africa: Situational Analysis

WHO; Africa CDC; World Economic Forum et al. PERC (2020) C_WHO

PERC produces regional and member state situation analyses, updated regularly.

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Managing epidemics: key facts about major deadly diseases

World Health Organization (WHO) (2018) C_WHO

Epidemics of infectious diseases are occurring more often, and spreading faster and further than ever, in many different regions of the world. The background factors of this threat are biological, environmental and lifestyle changes, among others. A potentially fatal combination of newly-discovered ... more

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Impact of WASH Interventions during Disease Outbreaks in Humanitarian Emergencies: A systematic review protocol
recommended

Tufts University, Oxfam (2016) CC

In this review, the editors will investigate the impact of eight WASH interventions in preventing (reducing the risk of) and controlling outbreaks in LMIC, with particular focus on three diseases of current concern to the response community – cholera, Ebola, and Hepatitis E. Additionally, we will ... more

Treatment of Mycobacterium Ulcerans Disease (Buruli Ulcer) recommended

Impact of WASH Interventions during Disease Outbreaks in Humanitarian Emergencies: A systematic review protocol recommended

Treatment of Mycobacterium Ulcerans Disease (Buruli Ulcer)
recommended

Impact of WASH Interventions during Disease Outbreaks in Humanitarian Emergencies: A systematic review protocol
recommended