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Toolboxes
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3
Explore a world of health data
On a need’s basis, the Immunization Analysis and Insights, Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPD) Surveillance and Risk Assessment Team of the World Health Organization (WHO) posts expression of interest (EOI) calls, inviting manufacturers of specifie
...
d technologies (in vitro diagnostics also known as IVDs) to participate in a WHO product evaluation. The focus is on IVDs that are used by WHO’s laboratory networks undertaking surveillance for certain VPDs
more
Approches en matière de changement social et comportemental pour les agents de santé communautaire
Groupe de travail sur le changement social et comportemental
Breakthrough Action; PMU Malaria Initiative
(2024)
C1
Boîte à outils pour le changement social et comportemental face au paludisme à l'intention des agents de santé communautaires Module 2
Explore a world of health data
O documento intitulado “Fortalecimento da Vigilância Transfronteiriça e do Compartilhamento de Informações na África” apresenta uma estratégia coordenada elaborada pelo Africa CDC para melhorar a vigilância em saúde pública e
...
a colaboração além das fronteiras nacionais na África. Ele destaca o desafio de que as doenças infecciosas frequentemente se propagam através das fronteiras devido ao movimento de pessoas, ao comércio e à migração, enquanto os sistemas de vigilância e os mecanismos de compartilhamento de dados permanecem muitas vezes centrados no nível nacional e fragmentados.
O quadro estratégico propõe fortalecer a coordenação regional, harmonizar os sistemas de vigilância, melhorar o intercâmbio de informações entre os países e desenvolver a capacidade dos laboratórios e dos recursos humanos. Também enfatiza a importância da detecção oportuna de ameaças sanitárias transfronteiriças, de investigações conjuntas de surtos e de uma comunicação aprimorada entre os Estados-membros. De modo geral, o documento visa reforçar a preparação, os sistemas de alerta precoce e a resposta coletiva às ameaças à saúde pública no continente africano.
more
Apenas 3% da investigação global em saúde provém de África, apesar da sua quota de 18% da
população mundial e de 25% da carga de doença. Um desafio para esta investigação limitada
em saúde no continente decorre do deficiente quadro de ética de investigação e da falha dos
princípios
...
internacionais de ética na investigação em proteger de forma óptima os participantes
africanos da investigação. As populações africanas possuem culturas, valores, sistemas de
crenças e virtudes peculiares que necessitam de ser explorados e compreendidos no processo
de conduta ética na investigação. Por exemplo, um estudo realizado num contexto africano
reportou que a informação sobre os diagnósticos de cancro como desfavorável durante o
processo de consentimento informado poderia alterar o tratamento e o resultado dos cuidados
aos doentes. Nos contextos africanos, ao contrário dos países desenvolvidos, a ênfase é
colocada na autonomia comunitária em detrimento da autonomia individual. Nas populações
africanas onde os níveis de literacia em saúde são comparativamente baixos, a compreensão da
investigação e da doença durante o consentimento informado pode comprometer a capacidade
de tomar decisões informadas. Além disso, o menor estatuto socioeconómico das populações
africanas pode tornar os participantes do estudo vulneráveis, dado que os incentivos oferecidos
podem afectar as suas decisões de participar no estudo.
more
Empoderar a las comunidades para brindar atención de emergencia
This paper showed a large positive correlation coefficient between psychosocial health problems and dysfunctional abilities among rural community members
To provide a foundation for the strategic policy and programme development needed to ensure the sustainable implementation of effective interventions for reducing the global burden of PPH
Hygiene Promotion In Emergencies
recommended
Communities affected by a disaster often lack basic water
and sanitation facilities. They are likely to be traumatized and
vulnerable to disease. Disruption of familiar practices or the
relocation to new environments can result in
...
a deterioration
in existing hygiene behaviours. This, in turn, will contribute to
an increased risk of disease transmission and epidemics. This
technical note explains why hygiene promotion is important in
emergencies and describes how to carry it out.
more
The cluster approach is a mechanism that helps to address identified gaps in response and enhance the quality of humanitarian action
Guide pratique d’utilisation à l'usage des médecins, pharmaciens, infirmiers et auxiliaires de santé.
Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread to all regions of WHO in recent years. Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the species Aedes aegypti and, to a
...
lesser extent, Ae. albopictus. These mosquitoes are also vectors of chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika viruses. Dengue is widespread throughout the tropics, with local variations in risk influenced by climate parameters as well as social and environmental factors.
more
Use of Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus
World Health Organization
(2011)
Abbreviated Report of a WHO Consultation
Report of a World Health Organization and International Diabetes Federation meeting
Directives opérationnelles à l’intention du personnel et des
administrateurs de programmes
Guide pratique à l’usage des médecins, infirmiers, techniciens de laboratoire, auxiliaires de santé et logisticiens
Polio Lesson Plan
Peace Corps
(2010)
This is a part of a series of lesson plans created by Peace Corps volunteers in Senegal about vaccine preventable diseases
Humanitarian emergencies result in a breakdown of critical health-care services and often make vulnerable communities dependent on external agencies for care. In resource-constrained settings, this may occur against
...
a backdrop of extreme poverty, malnutrition, insecurity, low literacy and poor infrastructure. Under these circumstances, providing food, water and shelter and limiting communicable disease outbreaks become primary concerns. Where effective and safe vaccines are available to mitigate the risk of disease outbreaks, their potential deployment is a key consideration in meeting emergency health needs. Ethical considerations are crucial when deciding on vaccine deployment. Allocation of vaccines in short supply, target groups, delivery strategies, surveillance and research during acute humanitarian emergencies all involve ethical considerations that often arise from the tension between individual and common good. The authors lay out the ethical issues that policy-makers need to bear in mind when considering the deployment of mass vaccination during humanitarian emergencies, including beneficence (duty of care and the rule of rescue), non-maleficence, autonomy and consent, and distributive and procedural justice
more
