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With the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing energy and cost-of-living crises, many OECD countries have had to face significant economic and societal challenges over the last five years. The succession of crises has had important implications for heal
...
th systems and the available resources allocated to health. This policy brief examines the recent trends in health spending and discusses what is driving the latest spending trajectory.
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The ongoing global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) poses unique diagnostic and clinical management challenges in regions where seasonal epidemic-prone diseases are endemic. Diseases such as dengue, malaria, seasonal influenza, leptospirosis, chiku
...
ngunya, scrub typhus and bacterial infections often present with febrile syndromes that mimic or co-exist with SARS-CoV-2 infection, complicating diagnosis and treatment. This document provides guidelines for preventing, diagnosing and managing such co-infections. A high level of suspicion is essential during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, taking into account region-specific disease prevalence. While the WHO's case definition for SARS-CoV-2 is broad and sensitive, the need for parallel testing for co-infections, in accordance with the protocols of the MoHFW, ICMR, NVBDCP and NCDC, is necessitated by overlapping clinical features. Ensuring the availability of reliable rapid diagnostic kits and applying integrated clinical and laboratory approaches are crucial to improving patient outcomes in the context of concurrent infections.
Accessed on 26/08/2025.
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Background paper 8
The Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response
May 2021
WHO delcared COVID-19 as a pandemic
EPI-WIN WHO Information Network for Epidemics
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A key component of epidemic and pandemic preparedness is ensuring systems are in place for real-time information to flow from a trusted source to the people at risk.
In the absence of such information rumours can spread rapidly through social media
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, resulting in an INFODEMIC. EPI-WIN is the WHO Information Network for Epidemics that will provide tailored information to different audiences during a public health event.
EPI-WIN seeks to give everyone access to timely, accurate, and easy-to-understand advice and information from trusted sources on public health events and outbreaks: currently the COVID-19 public health emergency.
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The escalating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pandemic is a global public health threat with extensive health, economic and societal implications. Resistance emerges because of selection pressure from rational and indiscriminate antimicrobial use in
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human health as well as in the veterinary, agriculture and environmental sectors. Infections caused by resistant bacteria result in longer duration of illness, higher mortality rates and increased costs associated with alternative treatment. AMR further constrains procedures that rely on antimicrobial prophylaxis, and AMR is recognized as a threat to theworld economy.
Journal of Public Health | Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 8–13 | doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdw015 | Advance Access Publication March 3 2016
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Policy briefs
The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting not only food trade, food supply chains and markets but also people’s lives, livelihoods and nutrition.
This collection of policy briefs presents a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the
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pandemic’s impacts on these areas.
Briefs are released on a day-to-day basis
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Facing the COVID-19 (new coronavirus disease) pandemic, the countries of the world must take decisive action to stop the spread of the virus. In these critical circumstances, it is es- sential that everyone is informed about other health risks and h
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azards so that they can stay safe and healthy.
The following factsheet provides important information that you should know about alcohol consumption and COVID-19. It addresses, among other things, the misinformation that is being spread through social media and other communication channels about alcohol and COVID-19.
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After Corona was declared as a pandemic by WHO, multiple government agencies, development agencies, and departments needed technically accurate materials for their relevant contexts. Department for Labor and Human Resource, Government of Punjab need
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ed something immediate for industrial workers in large scale manufacturing settings particularly the textile sector which alone employs millions of workers.
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Immunization in the context of COVID-19 pandemic: frequently asked questions (FAQ), 16 April 2020 ترافق ھذه الأسئلة المتكررةالمبادئالتوجیھیة الخاصة بأنشطة التمنیع أ
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ثناء جائحةكوفید-19الصادرة عن منظمة الصحة العالمیة.1و ، حّن قُس تحسب الاقتضاء، وفقا لتطور جائحة كوفید-19.التمنیع ھو خدمة من الخدمات ال صحیة الأساسیة التي تحمي الأفراد ضین لّالمعرلأمراض التي یمكن الوقایة منھاباللقاحات.2وبفضلتوفیر التمنیعللأفراد والمجتمعات المحلیة في الوقت المناسب ،سّی ظ لونمحمیین،م م ا سیؤدي إلى انخفاض احتمالوقوع فاشیات الأمراض التي یمكن الوقایة منھا باللقاحات. وعلاوة على أن تلافيحدوثفاشیات الأمراض التي یمكن الوقایة منھا باللقاحاتیؤدي إلى إنقاذالأرواح، فإنھ یتطلب موارد أقل من تلك التي تتطلبھا الاستجابة للفاشیة، كما أنھیساعد على تخفیفالعبء الملقى على نظام صحي مرھق أصلا نتیجة جائحة كوفید-19.وبینما تلتزم البلدان بالحفاظ على نظم التمنیع ،ینبغي لھا أن تتبعالھ ج ُنا ل ت ي تحترم مبدأ عدم إلحاق الأذى وا ل ت ي تحد من انتقالمرض كوفید-19عند اضطلاعھا بأنشطة التمنیع. وا ًیمكن أیضاغتنام الفرص التي تتیحھا زیارات التمنیعّلنشر رسائل تشجع ي الّعلى تبنسلوكیات التي تحد من مخاطر انتقال عدوى الفیروس المسبب لمرض كوفید-19 ،والتعرف علىعلامات مرض كوفید-19وأعراضھ، وتقدیم إرشادات بشأنالتدابیر الواجب اتخاذھا في حال ظھور الأعراض
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How to respond to Covid19 pandemic in West and Central Africa
Going to work during this COVID-19 pandemic has placed frontline workers under immense and unprecedented pressure, putting their physical, mental and social well-being at risk. Exposure to excessive stress, for prolonged periods can have many harmfu
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l consequences on the emotional and mental well-being of frontline workers. This document outlines some actions that frontline workers can take to cope with stress and take care of themselves during COVID-19.
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Going to work during this COVID-19 pandemic has placed frontline workers under immense and unprecedented pressure, putting their physical, mental and social well-being at risk. Exposure to excessive stress, for prolonged periods can have many harmfu
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l consequences on the emotional and mental well-being of frontline workers. This document outlines some actions that frontline workers can take to cope with stress and take care of themselves during COVID-19.
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Facing the COVID-19 (new coronavirus disease) pandemic, the countries of the world must take decisive action to stop the spread of the virus. In these critical circumstances, it is es- sential that everyone is informed about other health risks and h
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azards so that they can stay safe and healthy.
The following factsheet provides important information that you should know about alcohol consumption and COVID-19. It addresses, among other things, the misinformation that is being spread through social media and other communication channels about alcohol and COVID-19.
more
Results of rapid assessment
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted or halted critical mental health services in 93% of countries worldwide while the demand for mental health is increasing, according to a new WHO survey. The survey of 130 countries pro
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vides the first global data showing the devastating impact of COVID-19 on access to mental health services and underscores the urgent need for increased funding.
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Updated version – September 2020
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting everyone. Globally, millions of people have been infected with the virus, while hundreds of thousands have lost their lives. In Moldova, the
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pandemic is placing an ever-increasing pressure on the health care and social protection systems, causing major disruptions to economic processes and limitations to social life, deepening inequalities and proving how vulnerable we are.
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Prepared by the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response for the WHO Executive Board, January 2021
“The world was not as prepared as it should have been, and it must do better,” concludes a WHO panel reviewing the
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pandemic response "
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Testing coverage is a critical component of pandemic response, providing a view on the data available to inform policy and monitor the effectiveness of public health measures. While many countries do not publish official numbers of tests conducted,
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others are doing this across individual websites, statistical reports and press releases, often in multiple languages and updated with different periodicity. FIND is working to build a global picture of the testing coverage for COVID-19 and facilitate the accurate interpretation and study of case and death numbers.
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COVID 19 Vaccine Perceptions: A 15 country study
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Initial public health responses to control the pandemic focused on promoting protective behaviors among the general population, including frequent hand washing, physical distancing and the use of face masks in public spaces However, many saw these o
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nly as interim measures to reduce the spread of the virus and hopes for a return to a sense of ‘ rested on the development of a safe and effective vaccine.
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Over 18 months into the pandemic, WHO continues to conductglobal surveillance of COVID-19as part of activities on preparedness, readiness and response activities. The need for global surveillance of COVID-19 is greater than ever, asthe implementatio
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n of vaccination campaigns and the appearance of variants are prone to impact the course of the epidemic, as transmission patterns evolve. Timely and complete surveillance data are key to monitoring these changes.
Features include stratification by age and sex, trends over time, case fatality ratios by age, testing, hospitalization, and data on health workers –all visible at country and regional levels. The dashboard provides the ability for users to conduct further analyses by country and selected time period.
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