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Prioritising the role of community health workers in the COVID-19 response

M. Ballard, Bancroft E., Nesbit J., et al. BMJ Global Health (2020) CC

COVID-19 disproportionately affects the poor and vulnerable. Community health workers are poised to play a pivotal role in fighting the pandemic, especially in countries with less resilient health systems. Drawing from practitioner expertise across four WHO regions, this article outlines the targete... more

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Qualitative assessment of community health workers’ perspective on their motivation in community-based primary health care in rural Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M.B. et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) CC

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have a positive impact on the provision of community-based primary health care through screening, treatment, referral, psychosocial support, and accompaniment. With a broad scope of work, CHW programs must balance the breadth and depth of tasks to mainta...in CHW motivation for high-quality care delivery. Few studies have described the CHW perspective on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to enhance their programmatic activities. Methods: We utilized an exploratory qualitative study design with CHWs employed in the household model in Neno District, Malawi, to explore their perspectives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and dissatisfiers in their work. Data was collected in 8 focus group discussions with 90 CHWs in October 2018 and March–April 2019 in seven purposively selected catchment areas. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using Dedoose. Results: Themes of complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors were generated from the perspectives of the CHWs in the focus group discussions. Study results indicate that enabling factors are primarily intrinsic factors such as positive patient outcomes, community respect, and recognition by the formal health care system but can lead to the chal- lenge of increased scope and workload. Extrinsic factors can provide challenges, including an increased scope and workload from original expectations, lack of resources to utilize in their work, and rugged geography. However, a posi- tive work environment through supportive relationships between CHWs and supervisors enables the CHWs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated enabling factors and challenges for CHW performance from their perspec- tive within the dual-factor theory. We can mitigate challenges through focused efforts to limit geographical distance, manage workload, and strengthen CHW support to reinforce their recognition and trust. Such programmatic empha- sis can focus on enhancing motivational factors found in this study to improve the CHWs’ experience in their role. The engagement of CHWs, the communities, and the formal health care system is critical to improving the care provided to the patients and communities, along with building supportive systems to recognize the work done by CHWs for the primary health care systems. more

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Governance and Health in Post-Conflict Countries: The Ebola Outbreak in Liberia and Sierra Leone

International Peace Institute (2016) CC

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Improving access to child health services at the community level in Zambia: a country case study on progress in child survival, 2000–2013

Aaron M Kipp, Margaret Maimbolwa, Marie A Brault et al. (2017) CC

Health Policy Plan (2017) 32 (5): 603-612; 10 pp. 318 kB

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Community based Mental health and Psychosocial support in humanitarian settings: Three-tiered support for children and families (Field test)

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2018) CC

The CB MHPSS operational guidelines were developed in response to emerging evidence on the determinants of children’s resilience, lessons learned from the evaluation of existing approaches, and the unique challenges that today’s crises pose for children’s safety, wellbeing and optimal developm... more

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Mental Health Services in the Community

European Union EU (2018) CC

Good practices in Mental Health and Well-being

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Guide to Monitoring and Evaluating Knowledge Management in Global Health Programs

Saori Ohkubo, Tara M. Sullivan, Sarah V. Harlan, Barbara K. Timmons, Molly Strachan USAID, GHKC (2013)

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Child mental health in Sierra Leone: a survey and exploratory qualitative study

H.N.C. Yoder, W..Tol, R. Reis and J.T.V.M. deJong (2016) CC

This study complements the growing amount of research on the psychosocial impact of war on chil-dren in Sierra Leone by examining local perceptions of child mental health, formal and informal care systems, help-seeking behaviour and stigma Yoder et al. Int J Ment Health Syst (2016) 10:48 DOI 10.11... more

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The Impact of Climate Change on Health: Reducing Risks and Increasing Resilience in the Era of COVID-19

Machalaba; C.; Bouley, T. A.; Nunziata, K. R.; et al. (2021) C1

The climate crisis has many consequences – among them widespread health impacts that will lead to immense societal, ecological, and economic harm. Over the past two decades multiple large-scale reviews on climate change and health have made clear the need for a multi-sectoral approach to target t... more

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The role of health extension workers in improving utilization of maternal health services in rural areas in Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

A. Medhanyie, M. Spigt, Y. Kifle, et al. (2012) CC

BMC Health Services Research 2012, 12:352 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/12/352

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Policy options to mitigate a drop in fiscal space for health and HIV following the COVID-19 pandemic — Case studies from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Jamaica and Lesotho, November 2020

UNAIDS (2021) CC

To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and HIV expenditure, UNAIDS carried out a modelling study on fiscal space for health and HIV. From a sample of 28 countries, three countries—the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Jamaica, and Lesotho—were selected to capture health and HIV ... more

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Improving Governance for Health District Development in Cameroon

Mba R.M.; P. Ongolo-Zogo Centre for Development of Best Practices in Health (CDBPH) (2011) C_WHO

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Health workforce development and retention in Guinea: a policy analysis post-Ebola

van de Pas R., Kolie D., Delamou A., Van Damme W. BMC - Biomed Central (2019) CC

The state of the Guinean health workforce is one of the country’s bottlenecks in advancing health outcomes. The impact of the 2014–2015 Ebola virus disease outbreak and resulting international attention has provided a policy window to invest in the workforce and reform the health system. This re... more

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A Case Study Evaluation of Community Health Clubs in Port au Prince, Haiti

J. Brooks, A. Adams, N. Moraga-Lewy et al. UT Health Science Center (2014) CC

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Male Circumcision and Risky Sexual Behavior in Zimbabwe: Evidence from the 2010-11 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey

Chikutsa, Antony, Alfred C. Ncube, and Shepard Mutsau ICF International (2013) C2

DHS Working Papers No. 102

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Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on provision of sexual and reproductive health services in primary health facilities in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Adelekan, B.; E. Goldson, Z. Abubakar et al. Repoductive Health Journal (2021) CC

RESULTS: Between 76 and 97% of the PHCS offered RMCAH services before the lockdown. Except in antenatal, delivery and adolescent care, there was a decline of between 2 and 6% in all the services during the lockdown and up to 10% decline after the lockdown with variation across and within States. Dur... more

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Toolkit for the Integration of Mental Health into General Healthcare in Humanitarian Settings

International Medical Corps (2019) C1

This Toolkit aims to support the understanding and implementation of integrated mental health programs in humanitarian settings. It provides a framework for essential steps and components, with associated key guidance and resources, that strengthen the integration process, and is primarily intended ... more

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Spending on health and HIV/AIDS: domestic health spending and development assistance in 188 countries, 1995-2015

Global Burden of Disease Health Financing Collaborator Network Lancet (2018) CC

Background: Comparable estimates of health spending are crucial for the assessment of health systems and to optimally deploy health resources. The methods used to track health spending continue to evolve, but little is known about the distribution of spending across diseases. We developed improved e... more

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Tuberculosis in prisons: A growing public health challange

USAID (2017) C1

Accessed 2017

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Costing the basic package of health services at clinics and health centres in Liberia

Rebuilding Basic Health Services Project (RBHS) USAID (2009) C1