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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more

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Noncommunicable diseases risk behaviours among youth in the South-East Asia Region: findings from GSHS and GYTS

World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East-Asia (2016) C_WHO

The publication conveys the quantitative surveillance results focusing on tobacco use and noncommunicable disease (NCD) related behaviours among youth (13–15 years) in Member States of the WHO South-East Asia Region, namely, the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) and the Global Youth... more

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Integrating psychosocial interventions and support into HIV services for adolescents and young adults

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Adolescence, defined as the period between 10 and 19 years of age, is a developmental stage during which many psychosocial and mental health challenges emerge. There is a well-established link between mental health and HIV outcomes. Adolescents and young adults living with HIV typically have additio... more

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Bangladesh: Demographic Health Survey 2017-2018

National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) and ICF USAID (from the american people) (2020) C2

The survey highlights changes that have taken place in Bangladesh’s demographic and health situation since the previous BDHS surveys. The survey provides important information for policymakers and program personnel in addressing the monitoring and evaluation needs of the 4th Health, Population and... more

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Minimum requirements for infection prevention and control programmes

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

The purpose of this document is to present and promote the minimum requirements for IPC programmes at the national and health care facility level, identified by expert consensus according to available evidence and in the context of the WHO core components. The minimum requirements are defined as: I... more

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National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), India, 2019-21: Kerala

International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2021) CC

March 2021 This report presents the key findings of the NFHS-5 survey in Kerala, followed by detailed tables and an appendix on sampling errors. The 2019-21 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), the fifth in the NFHS series, provides information on population, health, and nutrition for India and ... more

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National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), India, 2019-21: Goa

International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ICF Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2021) CC

March 2021 This report presents the key findings of the NFHS-5 survey in Goa, followed by detailed tables and an appendix on sampling errors. The 2019-21 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), the fifth in the NFHS series, provides information on population, health, and nutrition for India and eac... more

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Ideal Clinic Frameworks and Manual Version 19 (July 2020) | Manual

National Department of Health South Africa (2020) CC

The Ideal Clinic manual has been developed to assist managers at various levels of healthcare service provision to correctly interpret and understand the requirement for achieving the elements as depicted in the Ideal Clinic framework/dashboard. It can therefore be regarded as a reference document w... more

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Chronic HIV Care with ARV Therapy and Prevention

World Health Organization (2007) C_WHO

Integrated Management of Adolescent and Adult Illness Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Interim Guidelines for health workers at health centre or district hospital outpatient clinic

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Safe Hospitals in Emergencies and Disasters

World Health Organization, ISDR, EU World Health Organization (2010)

Structural, Non-structural and Functional Indicators

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Toolkit on disability for AFRICA: FRAMEWORKS FOR IMPLEMENTING AND MONITORING THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

United Nations Division for Social Policy Development (DSPD) & United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) (2016) C1

Module 2

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National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019-2021 India Report

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India (2022) C1

Volume I

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School-based interventions in reducing deaths from suicide and suicide attempts among young people

mhGAP; World Health Organization (2015) C_WHO

(New 2015) Scoping question: In school students aged 14-‐‑15 years, are school-‐‑based interventions effective in reducing deaths from suicide and suicide attempts compared to care-‐‑as-‐‑usual?

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Ideal Clinic Frameworks and Manual Version 19 (July 2020) - Framework

National Department of Health South Africa (2020) CC

The Ideal Clinic Realisation and Maintenance (ICRM) programme was initiated by the National Department of Health in July 2013 in order to systematically improve primary health care (PHC) facilities and the quality of care they provide. The Ideal Clinic framework/dashboard sets out the standards for ... more

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FAQs on COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination Program

Ministry of Health& Family Welfare, Goverment of India (2021) CC

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Strengthening and aligning diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant TB in Russian Federation

I. A. Vasilyeva Russian Ministry of Health (2017) C1

Accessed November 2017

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The National strategic plan for tuberculosis and leprosy control 2010-2015

Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria USAID (2011) C1

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Progress report on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2019

World Health Organization (2019) C_WHO

Accountability for the global health sector strategies, 2016–2021 WHO/CDS/HIV/19.7

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National surgical, obstetric and anesthesia strategic plan (NSOASP) Year 2017-2021

Ministry of Health, Zambia (2017) CC

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Assist - The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST)

R. Humeniuk, S. Henry-Edwards, R. Ali; et al. World Health Organization WHO (2010) C_WHO

Manual for use in primary care. There is substantial evidence for the benefits of screening and brief intervention in primary health care for alcohol problems. However, there is a need for screening and brief interventions with cross-cultural relevance for substances other than alcohol or tobacco,... more