The skin of a patient is the first and most visible structure of the body that any health-care worker encounters during the course of an examination. To the patient, it is also highly visible, and any disease that affects it is noticeable and will have an impact on personal and social well-being. Th...e skin is therefore an important entry point for both diagnosis and management. Many diseases of humans are associated with changes to the skin, ranging from symptoms such as itching to changes in colour, feel and appearance. 
This training guide explains how to identify the signs and symptoms of neglected tropical diseases of the skin through their visible characteristics. It also contains information on how to diagnose and manage common skin problems that front-line health workers may encounter.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Diploma Program
For the Ethiopian Health Center Team
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Este guia de treinamento explica como identificar os sinais e sintomas das doenças tropicais negligenciadas da pele por meio de suas características visíveis. Contém ainda informações sobre métodos de diagnóstico e manejo de problemas cutâneos comuns que os profissionais de saúde da linha ...de frente podem encontrar.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Clinical management handbook
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Moving avidence into action
This document is part of a series of briefs for health program managers interested in implementing evidence-based programs. With a special emphasis on underutilized interventions, they present evidence on programs that work and provide guidance and resources for replicat...ion.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                This document was prepared in response to a need to review and potentially update the current recommendations for the antibiotic treatment of both inpatient and outpatient management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). The current recommendations (Table 1) are based on guidelines published in 2013 i...n the WHO Pocketbook for Hospital Care for Children, and the 2013 update on SAM (outpatient management). The global threat of increasing antimicrobial resistance and new data on efficacy and safety profiles requires a re-review of the current evidence to ensure recommendations are the most appropriate. The evidence base for the use of antibiotics in children presenting with uncomplicated SAM has been recently enlarged.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                В этих новых руководящих принципах  рекомендуется  использовать  упрощенный алгоритм  скрининга,  основанного  на  четырех  клинических  симптомах,  для  выявления  ...иц,  которым показана либо ПТИ, либо дальнейшая диагностика для выявления ТБ и других заболеваний.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Brucellosis is widespread in both humans and livestock in many developing countries. The authors have performed a series of epidemiological studies on brucellosis in agro-pastoral areas in Tanzania since 2015, with the aim of the disease control. Previously, the potential of a community-based brucel...losis control initiative, which mainly consisted of the sale of cattle with experience of abortion and vaccinating calves, was assessed as being effective and acceptable based on a quantitative approach. This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of community-based brucellosis control program using participatory rural appraisals (PRAs) and key-informant interviews. Four PRAs were performed together with livestock farmers and livestock and medical officers in 2017. In the PRAs, qualitative information related to risky behaviors for human infection, human brucellosis symptoms, willingness to sell cattle with experience of abortion, and willingness to pay for calf vaccination were collected, and a holistic approach for a community-based disease control project was planned. All of the communities were willing to implement disease control measures. To avoid human infection, education, especially for children, was proposed to change risky behaviors. The findings of this study showed that community-based disease control measures are promising.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Direct acting antivirals (DAAs) have revolutionized treatment for hepatitis C. Combi-
nations  of  DAAs  can  cure  infection  with  HCV  in  12  weeks,  are  highly  effective  and 
have  limited  side-effects.  Affordability  of  DAAs  has  improved  significantly,  but  access  remains  lim-
i...ted.  Initially,  due  to  their  high  prices,  affordability  of  DAAs  was  limited  in  high-,  middle-  and  low-
income countries alike. Now there is a divide between those countries where, because of intellectual 
property barriers, prices have remained (very) high and other countries where generics are, or can be, 
available at much lower prices. The result is a dual market
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Int J Health Geogr. 2002; 1: 5.
Published online 2002 Dec 20. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-1-5
PMCID: PMC149400
PMID: 12537588
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                On 9 February 2021, a first webinar entitled “Expanding our understanding of Post COVID-19 condition” was held under the auspices of WHO and in consultation with the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium(ISARIC), Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Dis...ease Preparedness (GloPID-R), National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases(NIH/NIAID), Long Covid SOS and patient representatives.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Standard Treatment Guideline
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Developmental disorders
Chapter C.4
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Hendra virus (HeV) continues to pose a serious public health concern as spillover events occur sporadically. Terminally ill horses can exhibit a range of clinical signs including frothy nasal discharge, ataxia or forebrain signs. Early signs, if detected, can include depression, inappetence, colic o...r mild respiratory signs. All unvaccinated ill horses in areas where flying foxes exist, may potentially be infected with HeV, posing a significant risk to the veterinary community. Equivac® HeV vaccine has been fully registered in Australia since 2015 (and under an Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority special permit since 2012) for immunization of horses against HeV and is the most effective and direct solution to prevent disease transmission to horses and protect humans. No HeV vaccinated horse has tested positive for HeV infection. There is no registered vaccine to prevent, or therapeutics to treat, HeV infection in humans. Previous equine HeV outbreaks tended to cluster in winter overlapping with the foaling season (August to December), when veterinarians and horse owners have frequent close contact with horses and their bodily fluids, increasing the chance of zoonotic disease transmission. The most southerly case was detected in 2019 in the Upper Hunter region in New South Wales, which is Australia's Thoroughbred horse breeding capital. Future spillover events are predicted to move further south and inland in Queensland and New South Wales, aligning with the moving distribution of the main reservoir hosts. Here we (1) review HeV epidemiology and climate change predicted infection dynamics, (2) present a biosecurity protocol for veterinary clinics and hospitals to adopt, and (3) describe diagnostic tests currently available and those under development. Major knowledge and research gaps have been identified, including evaluation of vaccine efficacy in foals to assess current vaccination protocol recommendations.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Interim Assessement Report
The EMA review was started by the Agency’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) to support decision-making by health authorities. This first interim report includes information on seven experimental medicines intended for the treatment of people infecte...d with the Ebola virus:
    BCX4430 (Biocryst);
    Brincidofovir (Chimerix);
    Favipiravir (Fujifilm Corporation/Toyama);
    TKM-100802 (Tekmira);
    AVI-7537 (Sarepta);
    ZMapp (Leafbio Inc.);
    Anti-Ebola F(ab’)2 (Fab’entech).
The amount of information available for the seven treatments is highly variable. For some compounds there is no data from use in human subjects available. A small number of treatments have been administered to patients in the current Ebola outbreak as compassionate use. Finally, there are also medicines included in this review that have already been studied in humans, albeit for the treatment of other viral diseases.
                                                                    more
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                PLoS ONE 7(12): e52986. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052986. Opern Access please download from the website