Le flyer „MMV Strategy“ présente la stratégie de la Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) pour lutter contre le paludisme. Il met en avant les objectifs clés de l'organisation, qui se concentre sur la recherche et le développement de nouveaux médicaments antipaludiques. Le document décrit le...s efforts pour améliorer l'accès aux traitements de qualité, soutenir les partenariats mondiaux, et accélérer l'innovation dans la lutte contre le paludisme, avec un accent particulier sur les populations à risque élevé.
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The Malaria Ministerial Conference, co-hosted by WHO and the Government of Cameroon on 6 March 2024, brought together more than 400 stakeholders, including Ministers of Health and senior representatives from the African countries hardest hit by malaria, global health leaders, scientists, civil socie...ty and other partners. The pivotal meeting sought to leverage political commitment, scientific innovation and community engagement to reshape the trajectory of malaria control in high burden African countries, and beyond.
At the end of the meeting and in the weeks that followed, Ministers of Health from the 11 “High Burden High Impact” African countries (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Uganda and United Republic of Tanzania) signed the Yaoundé Declaration, pledging their “unwavering commitment” to the principle that “no one should die from malaria given the tools and systems available.” Success in reducing malaria morbidity and mortality will hinge on efforts by countries to translate this political commitment into actions and resources that will save lives.
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The WHO guidelines for malaria bring together the Organization’s most up-to-date recommendations for malaria in one user-friendly and easy-to-navigate online platform.
The WHO guidelines for malaria bring together the Organization’s most up-to-date recommendations for malaria in one user-frie...ndly and easy-to-navigate online platform. The Guidelines supersedes 2 previous WHO publications: the Guidelines for the treatment of malaria, third edition and the Guidelines for malaria vector control. Recommendations on malaria will continue to be reviewed and, where appropriate, updated based on the latest available evidence. Any updated recommendations will always display the date of the most recent revision in the MAGICapp platform. With each update, a new PDF version of the consolidated guidelines will also be available for download on the WHO website.
This version of the Guidelines includes an updated recommendation for malaria vaccines, new recommendations on the use of near-patients qualitative and semiquantitative G6PD tests to guide anti-relapse treatment of P. vivax and P. ovale, updated recommendations on primaquine and the recommendation on the use of tafenoquine. It replaces the versions published on 16 February 2021, 13 July 2021, 18 February 2022, 31 March 2022, 3 June 2022, 25 November 2022, 14 March 2023 and 16 October 2023.
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The MSF malaria guidelines provide practical, evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing, treating, and preventing malaria, especially in low-resource settings. They cover uncomplicated and severe cases, recommend rapid tests and artemisinin-based therapies, and include special guidance for vulne...rable groups like children and pregnant women.
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Malaria in pregnancy is a significant health problem in malaria-endemic areas. It not only causes substantial childhood morbidity and mortality but also increases the risks of adverse events for pregnant women and their developing fetuses. Most of the burden in these areas is due to infection with P...lasmodium falciparum. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been recommended as first-line treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in all populations, including pregnant women in their second and third trimesters, since 2006. However, for women in their first trimester of pregnancy, WHO recommended as first-line treatment a combination of quinine and clindamycin.
Based on a review of the evidence conducted in 2022, WHO now recommends artemether–lumefantrine, the ACT with the most human safety data available, as the preferred treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy. This document presents all relevant evidence on the effects and safety in early pregnancy of artemisinins and partner medicines used in ACTs from both studies in experimental animals and observational studies in humans.
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Malawi's Ministry of Health officially declared on August 16, 2023, that the cholera outbreak is no longer a national health emergency. Since the outbreak began in February 2022, the country recorded 58,982 cholera cases and 1,768 deaths. Through coordinated efforts by the government, development pa...rtners, and local communities, the outbreak has been contained in 26 out of 29 districts.
Only a few isolated cases remain in areas affected by Cyclone Freddy. The Minister of Health emphasized the importance of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) initiatives to prevent future outbreaks. The World Health Organization (WHO) praised Malawi’s progress and pledged continued support to mitigate remaining risks.
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Le rapport décrit la situation épidémiologique au Congo entre le 22 et le 23 juillet 2023, mettant en évidence les épidémies de choléra, de shigellose et de salmonellose. Il mentionne 19 cas confirmés de choléra, 3 de shigellose et 3 de salmonellose, ainsi que 63 cas d'intoxication alimenta...ire. Au total, 36 décès ont été signalés, avec une majorité des cas concentrés à Dolisie. Les autorités sanitaires ont mis en place des mesures de riposte, notamment la distribution de matériel médical, la sensibilisation communautaire et la surveillance épidémiologique. Des défis persistent, notamment l’identification de la source de contamination et le renforcement des capacités médicales.
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On March 16, 2023, the Tanzania Ministry of Health declared an outbreak of an unidentified illness in Bukoba district, Kagera region. A group of seven individuals presented with fever, vomiting, bleeding from various body orifices, and kidney failure, sparking suspicion of a contagious disease. Labo...ratory results from patients and the deceased confirmed the Marburg virus disease (MVD) outbreak on March 21, 2023.
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The response to a cholera outbreak must focus on limiting mortality and reducing the spread of the disease. It should be comprehensive and multisectoral, including epidemiology, case management, water, sanitation and hygiene, logistics, community engagement and risk communication. All efforts must b...e well coordinated to ensure a rapid and effective response across sectors.
This document provides a framework for detecting and monitoring cholera outbreaks and organizing the response. It also includes a short section linking outbreak response to both preparedness and long-term prevention activities.
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Response to the Periodic EpidemicThe document "Zanzibar's Victory Against Cholera Epidemic" details the successful efforts taken by Zanzibar to control and eliminate cholera outbreaks. It highlights the strategies implemented, including improved water and sanitation infrastructure, public health cam...paigns, vaccination programs, and rapid response measures. The report emphasizes community engagement, government commitment, and international partnerships as key factors in combating the disease. Zanzibar's experience serves as a model for other regions facing similar public health challenges, demonstrating that sustained efforts in hygiene, disease surveillance, and emergency preparedness can effectively control cholera epidemics.
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The document is a comprehensive practical guide for managing cholera epidemics. It includes detailed instructions on outbreak investigation, control measures, case management, and the organization of treatment facilities. It emphasizes strategies such as rehydration therapy, water sanitation, hygien...e promotion, and vaccination to prevent the spread of cholera. The guide serves as a resource for healthcare professionals, logisticians, and public health officials to respond effectively to cholera outbreaks.
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The Ethiopia Multi-Sectorial Cholera Elimination Plan (2022-2028) outlines a national strategy to eliminate cholera in Ethiopia by 2028. The plan follows the Global Roadmap to End Cholera by 2030 and is based on six key pillars: Leadership & Coordination, Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH), Surveill...ance & Reporting, Use of Oral Cholera Vaccines (OCV), Healthcare System Strengthening, and Community Engagement.
Ethiopia has historically faced recurrent cholera outbreaks due to poor sanitation, unsafe water, and weak health infrastructure. The plan prioritizes high-risk areas (hotspot woredas) and aims to reduce cholera-related mortality by 90% by 2028. It includes efforts to improve WASH conditions, strengthen disease surveillance, enhance rapid response capabilities, expand vaccination campaigns, and integrate cholera control into broader health policies.
The government, in collaboration with international partners such as WHO, UNICEF, and the Global Task Force for Cholera Control (GTFCC), will implement and monitor the plan. The estimated budget for the initiative is $390 million over eight years. Ethiopia aims to achieve zero cholera transmission in hotspot regions, ensuring sustainable public health improvements.
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UNICEF reports that the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is experiencing its most severe cholera outbreak in six years, with over 31,000 suspected or confirmed cases and 230 deaths in the first seven months of 2023. The North Kivu province is particularly affected, recording more than 21,400 c...ases, including over 8,000 children under five—a sixfold increase compared to all of 2022. The surge is attributed to escalating conflict and displacement in eastern DRC, leading to overcrowded camps with inadequate water and sanitation facilities, creating conditions conducive to cholera transmission. UNICEF emphasizes the urgent need for improved access to clean water, sanitation, and healthcare to prevent further spread of the disease.
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The report provides an epidemiological update on cholera outbreaks in Haiti as of January 17, 2023. Since the first confirmed cases in October 2022, Haiti has reported 24,232 suspected cases, including 1,742 confirmed cases and 483 deaths. The most affected areas are in the Ouest Department, particu...larly Port-au-Prince. Children aged 1 to 4 years are the most affected group. The ongoing humanitarian crisis, security issues, and limited access to healthcare have worsened the outbreak, hindering epidemiological surveillance and case reporting. The PAHO/WHO is working with Haitian authorities to respond to the outbreak and mitigate its spread.
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The key actions, activities, and approaches in this document are organized within each of the 5Cs (see Table 1 in the PDF) and those of the Strategic preparedness and response plan (SPRP) pillars as follows:
National action plan key activities, prioritized for the current context and the current ...understanding of the threat of SARS-CoV-2
A. Transition from emergency response to longer term COVID-19 disease management.
B. Integrate activities into routine systems.
C. Strengthen global health security.
Special considerations for fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable (including humanitarian) settings
WHO global and regional support to Member States to implement their national action plans
Key guidance documents for reference
This is a living document that will be updated to incorporate new technical guidance in response to the evolving epidemiological situation. National plans should be implemented in accordance with the principles of inclusiveness, respect for human rights, and equity.
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If you live or visit an area where cholera is present or has happened before, learn about cholera and take these steps to prevent getting sick.
Fè 5 bagay sa yo pou evite vin malad avèk kolera
The South African Department of Health reports a decline in cholera cases, with only one confirmed case out of 28 suspected cases in the last 10 days as of July 5, 2023. However, authorities urge continued vigilance, emphasizing hygiene, especially during mass gatherings.
Since February 2023, South... Africa has recorded 1,073 suspected cholera cases, with 198 confirmed cases across five provinces. Gauteng Province is the most affected, with 176 cases, primarily in Hammanskraal, Tshwane. Other affected provinces include Free State, North West, Limpopo, and Mpumalanga.
The outbreak has resulted in 47 deaths, with four new suspected deaths reported in the Free State. The majority of confirmed cases are in individuals aged 41-50 years, and 52% of cases are female.
The health department continues preventive efforts through health education and targeted case-finding. Authorities also stress the importance of clean water and hygiene compliance in initiation schools to prevent further outbreaks.
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The CDC's "About Cholera" webpage provides essential information on cholera, an intestinal infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It highlights that cholera is primarily spread through contaminated water and food, leading to severe diarrhea, dehydration, and potentially death if untreate...d. Individuals in areas with unsafe drinking water, poor sanitation, and inadequate hygiene are at the highest risk. The page emphasizes the importance of early and proper treatment, such as rehydration therapy, to improve survival rates. Preventative measures include using treated water, practicing good hygiene, and vaccination, especially for travelers to regions where cholera is prevalent.
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