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EACS produces Guidelines for the management of people living with HIV in Europe. The English version is regularly updated by the guidelines panels with major revision every other year and minor revisions in the years in between. Guidelines are published in the autumn and translated into additional l ... more
Guidelines on lenacapavir for HIV prevention and testing strategies for long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis. Web Annex G Abstract
Updated guidance on the integration of diabetes, hypertension and mental health services, and interventions to support adherence to antiretroviral therapy. The guideline offers practical implementation guidance for countries and key stakeholders as well as outlining key research gaps. As life expec ... more
Topics in Antiviral Medicine, March 4, 2025
СТАНДАРТ МЕДИЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ. These clinical guidelines, released by the Ukraine Ministry of Health in 2025, include the latest recommendations for HIV services, including oral PrEP and injectable cabotegravir (CAB) for PrEP.
This document provides an overview of the updated World Health Organization recommendations for HIV clinical management, which focus on optimizing antiretroviral therapy, preventing vertical transmission, and enhancing tuberculosis prevention among individuals with HIV. These updates are intended to ... more
Demographic and socioeconomic data Progress towards HIV testing and treatment cascade targets by 2025 (2023) Health sector cascade (2023) Estimated number of people newly infected with HIV
AIDS 2024, 38:1579–1588. Treatment interruptions are a barrier to successful antiretroviral therapy (ART). 'Fresh start messages', which leverage significant days on the calendar (e.g., new year, public holiday) in order to prompt action, have the potential to encourage people with HIV (PWH) to re ... more
This brief report summarizes recent information on HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in the era of integrase-strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) for HIV prevention and treatment.
CDC leads an international surveillance effort to estimate the occurrence of HIV drug resistance among people with HIV who are taking dolutegravir (DTG)-based treatments. This surveillance effort utilizes Cyclical Acquired HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance (CADRE), a laboratory-based HIV drug resista ... more
AIDS and Behavior (2024) 28:1104–1121
During ARV drug pressure the HIV-1 RT is able to develop resistance to these drugs by generating mutations
WHO’s sentinel surveys of acquired HIV resistance to dolutegravir among people receiving dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy is intended for easy and frequent implementation. Results from sentinel surveys provide insight into the prevalence and year-over-year trends of dolutegravir resi ... more
Despite progress in improving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people with HIV in Malawi, the burden of HIV infections and HIV treatment outcomes among key populations is suboptimal. Client-centered differentiated service delivery approaches may facilitate addressing HIV prevention and treatment nee ... more

HIV Drug Resistance

Gingo, D. Ministry of Health, Uganda (2022) C1
ATIC Newsletter, Vol 15, Issue 1, February 2022.
These guidelines, produced in 2022 by the Uganda Ministry of Health, provide guidance on the diagnosis of HIV, the care of people living with HIV, and the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection, including injectable cabotegravir and the dapivirine vaginal ring.
what lessons can we take from the last few decades of health behaviour change efforts as we enter the era of HIV prevention pills, rings and injections?
HIV drug resistance strategies focus on prevention through adherence and treatment optimization, surveillance to monitor resistance trends, and innovation in new drugs and diagnostics. Key approaches include implementing national action plans, strengthening laboratory capacity for monitoring, and pr ... more
WHO’s antiretroviral treatment (ART) clinic-based acquired drug resistance survey method yields robust estimates of HIV viral suppression and acquired HIV drug resistance in adults, children and adolescents taking both dolutegravir and non-dolutegravir based regimens. Results are used to inform A ... more
HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR) genotyping is an essential component of the WHO global HIVDR surveillance strategy. Plasma “gold standard” specimen type for HIVDR genotyping, but its use may not be feasible in rural, remote areas in low- and middle-income countries, since preparing and storing it ... more