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Issue Brief: Update on TB 2025

The MEDBOX Team (2025) CC

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with an estimated annual death rate of approximately one per 100,000 people in countries with low TB prevalence. Rapid reductions in TB cases and deaths worldwide depend on research breakthroughs, including the development of new vac... more

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An overview of heart failure in low- and middle-income countries

Agbor, V.N.; Ntusi, N.A.B.; Noubiap, J.J. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy (2020) CC

Heart failure (HF) is a global public health concern with disproportionate socioeconomic, morbidity and mortality burden on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review summarises contemporary data on the demographic and clinical characteristics, aetiologies, treatment, economic burden and ... more

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Libya: National Action Plan on Prevention and Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance

State of Libya (2019) C_WHO

The Libyan national action plan has been aligned with WHO five objectives. Analysis of the current situation and addressing the gaps and the needs to reach the main goal “one health” approach involves several national sectors and actors, including human and veterinary health, agriculture and foo... more

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Availability, Affordability, Access, and Pricing of Anti-cancer Medicines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Literature

Ocran Mattila, P.; R. Ahmad, S.Shahzad Hasan, et al. (2021) C2

Front. Public Health, 30 April 2021 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.628744

EASO Special Report: Asylum Trends and COVID-19, Issue 2 (11 June 2020)

European Asylum Support Office (2020) CC

Only 8,730 asylum applications were registered in the EU+ in April, the lowest since at least 2008, and a massive 87% decrease from pre-COVID-19 levels in January and February. The European Asylum Support Office (EASO) has released a special report which shows that the COVID-19 related travel restr... more

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Continental Framework on Strengthening Mortality Surveillance Systems in Africa

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2023) CC

The importance of robust mortality surveillance systems cannot be overstated in an era marked by increasing global health challenges where health threats loom large and population dynamics continue to evolve. Accurate and timely mortality data is essential for identifying trends and detecting emergi... more

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Government policy interventions to reduce human antimicrobial use: A systematic review and evidence map

Van Katwyk, S. R.; Grimshaw, J. M.; et al (2019) C2

BACKGROUND: Growing political attention to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) offers a rare opportunity for achieving meaningful action. Many governments have developed national AMR action plans, but most have not yet implemented policy interventions to reduce antimicrobial overuse. A systematic evidenc...e map can support governments in making evidence-informed decisions about implementing programs to reduce AMR, by identifying, describing, and assessing the full range of evaluated government policy options to reduce antimicrobial use in humans. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Seven databases were searched from inception to January 28, 2019, (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PAIS Index, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and PubMed). We identified studies that (1) clearly described a government policy intervention aimed at reducing human antimicrobial use, and (2) applied a quantitative design to measure the impact. We found 69 unique evaluations of government policy interventions carried out across 4 of the 6 WHO regions. These evaluations included randomized controlled trials (n = 4), non-randomized controlled trials (n = 3), controlled before-and-after designs (n = 7), interrupted time series designs (n = 25), uncontrolled before-and-after designs (n = 18), descriptive designs (n = 10), and cohort designs (n = 2). From these we identified 17 unique policy options for governments to reduce the human use of antimicrobials. Many studies evaluated public awareness campaigns (n = 17) and antimicrobial guidelines (n = 13); however, others offered different policy options such as professional regulation, restricted reimbursement, pay for performance, and prescription requirements. Identifying these policies can inform the development of future policies and evaluations in different contexts and health systems. Limitations of our study include the possible omission of unpublished initiatives, and that policies not evaluated with respect to antimicrobial use have not been captured in this review. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first study to provide policy makers with synthesized evidence on specific government policy interventions addressing AMR. In the future, governments should ensure that AMR policy interventions are evaluated using rigorous study designs and that study results are published. more

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No Escape from Hell

Human Rights Watch (2019) C2

EU Policies Contribute to Abuse of Migrants in Libya This report documents severe overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, malnutrition, and lack of adequate health care. Human Rights Watch found violent abuse by guards in four official detention centers in western Libya, including beatings and whippin... more

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Getting the Message Across

UNESCO's International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC) (2019) C1

Reporting on Climate Change and Sustainable Development in Asia and the Pacific: A Handbook for Journalists. UNESCO Series on Journalism education. It explores the essential aspects of climate change, including its injustices to vulnerable communities, especially women and girls and least develope... more

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The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2022

United Nations (2022) C2

According to the Report, cascading and interlinked crises are putting the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in grave danger, along with humanity’s very own survival. The Report highlights the severity and magnitude of the challenges before us. The confluence of crises, dominated by COVID-19,... more

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Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: Gaps and priorities going forward

Minja, N.W.; Nakagaayi, D.; Aliku, T. et al. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2022) CC

In 2015, the United Nations set important targets to reduce premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths by 33% by 2030. Africa disproportionately bears the brunt of CVD burden and has one of the highest risks of dying from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. There is currently an epide...miological transition on the continent, where NCDs is projected to outpace communicable diseases within the current decade. Unchecked increases in CVD risk factors have contributed to the growing burden of three major CVDs—hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and atherosclerotic diseasesleading to devastating rates of stroke and heart failure. The highest age standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to hypertensive heart disease (HHD) were recorded in Africa. The contributory causes of heart failure are changing—whilst HHD and cardiomyopathies still dominate, ischemic heart disease is rapidly becoming a significant contributor, whilst rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has shown a gradual decline. In a continent where health systems are traditionally geared toward addressing communicable diseases, several gaps exist to adequately meet the growing demand imposed by CVDs. Among these, high-quality research to inform interventions, underfunded health systems with high out-of-pocket costs, limited accessibility and affordability of essential medicines, CVD preventive services, and skill shortages. Overall, the African continent progress toward a third reduction in premature mortality come 2030 is lagging behind. More can be done in the arena of effective policy implementation for risk factor reduction and CVD prevention, increasing health financing and focusing on strengthening primary health care services for prevention and treatment of CVDs, whilst ensuring availability and affordability of quality medicines. Further, investing in systematic country data collection and research outputs will improve the accuracy of the burden of disease data and inform policy adoption on interventions. This review summarizes the current CVD burden, important gaps in cardiovascular medicine in Africa, and further highlights priority areas where efforts could be intensified in the next decade with potential to improve the current rate of progress toward achieving a 33% reduction in CVD mortality. more

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Guidance on chlamydia control in Europe

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2016) C1

This document updates the 2009 ECDC guidance on chlamydia control in Europe. It was developed by a technical expert group which conducted a critical review of the scientific evidence on the epidemiology of chlamydia and the effectiveness of screening programmes. The aim of this guidance is to suppo... more

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From plan to impact - Progress towards targets of the Global action plan on dementia

Alzheimer's Disease International (2018) C2

Progress towards targets of the Global action plan on dementia

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Monitoring Emergency Obstetric Care

WHO (2009)

Handbook; EmOC indicators

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Parkinson’s Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Epidemiology, Genetics and Access to Care

U. Williams; O. Bandmann; R. Walker Journal of Movements Disorders (2018) C2

J Mov Disord > Volume 11(2); 2018 > Article Review Article J Mov Disord 2018; 11(2): 53-64. Published online: May 30, 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.17028

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Community-based rehabilitation: cBr guidelines - Introductory booklet (thai)

Kamala Achu, Kathy Al Jubah, Svein Brodtkorb, et al. WHO (2010) C_WHO

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Inclusion of persons with disabilities in humanitarian action: 39 examples of field practices, and learnings from 20 countries

CBM; Handicap International (HI), and International Disability Alliance (IDA) (2019) C1

39 examples of field practices, and learnings from 20 countries, for all phases of humanitarian response. The report shows that deliberate and proactive action is required to ensure that persons with disabilities from all constituencies are systematically included and meaningfully participate in DRR... more

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Resource Guide on Climate Change for Religious Communities

Religions for Peace (2016) C1

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Executive Summary - Chapter 5 Policy and Legislation

R. Room ATLAS on substance use (2010)— Resources for the prevention and treatment of substance use disorder; WHO (2019) C_WHO

ATLAS on substance use (2010) — Resources for the prevention and treatment of substance use disorders Accessed: 14.03.2019