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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Regional capacity-building workshop for management and care of substance use disorders

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2019) C_WHO

The document is a summary report by the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, focusing on a capacity-building workshop held in Abu Dhabi in 2019. The workshop addressed the management and care of substance use disorders, aiming to improve technical and manage... more

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Moçambique Inquérito Demográfico e de Saúde 2011

Ministerio da Saude (MISAU), Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE) e ICF International (ICFI) (2013) C2

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Développement normal de la petite enfance, de l'enfance et de l'adolescence

N. G. Guerra; A. A. Williamson; B. Lucass-Molina IACAPAP (2017) C2

Introduction Chapitre A.2 Edition en français Traduction : Lisa Vitte, Anne-Sophie Perrin Sous la direction de : Priscille Gérardin Avec le soutien de la SFPEADA

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Addressing accountability in NGO advocacy - Practice, principles and prospects of self-regulation

M. Hammer; C. Rooney; S. Warren One World Trust (2010) C2

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Prevalences of dementia and cognitive impairment among older people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

A.Mavrodaris; J. Powell; M. Thorogood Bull World Health Organ (2013) C2

Bull World Health Organ 2013;91:773–783 | doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.13.118422 (Submitted: 15 February 2013 – Revised version received: 21 June 2013 – Accepted: 22 June 2013 – Published online: 20 August 2013)

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Moçambique Relatório Anual 2016

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2017)

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Diarrhea and Dehydration Module 6

Yu C, Lougee D, Murno JR American Academy of Pediatrics (2016) C1

Poor sanitary conditions in disaster-stricken areas result in higher risk for diarrheal illness in vulnerable populations, especially children. This disease negatively impacts the nutritional status of affected children and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Early di... more

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COVID-19 health system response monitor, Thailand

World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia (2020) C_WHO

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Management of post-acute covid-19 in primary care

Greenhalgh, T.; et al. (2020) CC

BMJ 2020; 370 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3026 (Published 11 August 2020) The BMJ "practice pointer" inlcudes a one-page visual summary of assessment and initial management of patients with persistant symptoms following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Urban flood risk handbook: Assessing risk and identifying interventions

Ferguson, S.; Van Ledden, M.; Rubinyi, S.; Campos, A.; Doeffinger, T. World Bank (2023) CC

This Urban Flood Risk Handbook: Assessing Risk and Identifying Interventions is a roadmap for conducting an urban flood risk assessment in any city in the world. It includes practical guidance for a flood risk assessment project, covering the key hazard and risk modeling stages as well as the evalua... more

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WHF Roadmap for Digital Health in Cardiology

Tromp, J.; Jindal, D.; Redfern, J. et al. Global Heart (2022) CC

ABSTRACT More than 500 million people worldwide live with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Health systems today face fundamental challenges in delivering optimal care due to ageing populations, healthcare workforce constraints, financing, availability and affordability of CVD medicine, and service del... more

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Cognitive profiles of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and depression in children and adolescents

Barrera-Valenciaa, M., Calderón-Delgado, L., Trejos-Castillo, E. & O’Boyle, M. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology (2017) CC

Several diagnostic criteria of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are remarkably similar to symptoms reported by individuals with depression, particularly as they manifest as cognitive processing deficits in children. Because of this overlap in profile and the high rate of comorbidity of PTSD and... more

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Gesundheitskompetenz von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund in Deutschland

E.-M. Berens, Klinger, J.; Mensing, M.; et al. IZGA (2022) CC

Die vorliegende Studie HLS-MIG liefert erstmals für Deutschland detaillierte Daten zur Gesundheitskompetenz von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund. Sie konzentriert sich auf die beiden großen Einwanderungsgruppen: Menschen mit ex-sowjetischem und türkischem Migrationshintergrund. Die Studie schli... more

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Ethiopia Country Refugee Response Plan - The integrated response plan for refugees from Eritrea, Sudan, South Sudan and Somalia 2020

UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR (2020) C1

Refugee protection in the country is provided within the framework of these international and national refugee laws as well as the core international human rights treaties that have been ratified by the country. Continued insecurity within neighbouring states has resulted in sustained refugee moveme... more

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Disability Within the African Culture

Eskay M., Onu V. C., Igbo J. N., Obiyo N., Ugwuanyi L US-China Education Review (2012) CC

special education, culture, psychology, education, policy

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Development Co-operation Report 2020

OECD (2020) CC

The annual Development Co-operation Report brings new evidence, analysis and ideas on sustainable development to members of the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and the international community more broadly. The objectives are to promote best practices and innovation in development co-ope... more

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Ethiopia Country Refugee Response Plan: The integrated response plan for refugees from Eritrea, Sudan, South Sudan and Somalia (January 2019 - December 2020)

UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR (2019) C1

he refugee flow to Ethiopia continued during 2018, with 36,1351 persons seeking safety and protection within the country’s borders. At the start of 2019, the nation hosted 905,8312 thousand refugees who were forced to flee their homes as a result of insecurity, political instability, military cons... more

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Anxiety and depression

R.d M. Rapee Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development (2013) C2

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RELATÓRIO MUNDIAL SOBRE A DEFICIÊNCIA

World Health Organization (WHO) and The World Bank (WB) (2011) C_WHO