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Global Alliance for Rabies Control
(2022)
CC
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Venturelli, A.; Tagliazucchi, L.; Lima, C.; Venuti, F. et al.
MDPI Microorganisms
(2022)
CC
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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO
(2023)
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Panel on Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV
Clinical Info HIV
(2018)
CC
Epidemiology
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and transmitted to humans by infected triatomine bugs, and less commonly by transfusion, organ transplant, from mother to infant, and in rare instances, by ingestion of contaminated food or drink.1-4 The hematophagous triatomine vectors defecate during or immediately after feeding on a person. The parasite is present in large numbers in the feces of infected bugs, and enters the human body through the bite wound, or through the intact conjunctiva or other mucous membrane.
Vector-borne transmission occurs only in the Americas, where an estimated 8 to 10 million people have Chagas disease.5 Historically, transmission occurred largely in rural areas in Latin America, where houses built of mud brick are vulnerable to colonization by the triatomine vectors.4 In such areas, Chagas disease usually is acquired in childhood. In the last several decades, successful vector control programs have substantially decreased transmission rates in much of Latin America, and large-scale migration has brought infected individuals to cities both within and outside of Latin America ... more
Tags: 
Chagas,
Epidemiology,
diagnosis,
Prevention,
Treatment,
HIV,
adverse events,
opportunistic infections,
adults,
Adolescents,
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Deininger, K.
The MEDBOX Team
(2023)
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Saunders, A. & Hamer, S.
Today's Veterinary Practice
(2020)
CC
Tags: 
Chagas,
trypanosoma cruzi,
Zoonotic diseases,
veterinary diseases,
transmission,
diagnosis,
treatment,
Prevention,
animal's health,
animal's disease,
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Léger, E.; Borlase, A.; Fall, C. et al.
The Lancet Planetary Health
(2020)
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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; United Nations Environment Programme UNEP
Reliefweb OCHA Services
(20022)
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World Health Organisation (WHO)
(2022)
C_WHO
The WHO Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) was launched in 2015 to foster AMR surveillance and inform strategies to contain AMR. The system started with surveillance of AMR in bacteria causing common human infections and has expanded its scope to include surveillance of antimicrobial consumption (AMC), invasive fungal infections, and a One Health surveillance model relevant to human health. To meet future challenges, it is in continuous evolution to enhance the quality and representativeness of data to inform the AMR burden accurately. As of the end of 2022, 127 countries, territories and areas participate in GLASS.
The fifth GLASS report, produced in collaboration with Member States, summarizes 2020 data on AMR rates in common bacteria from countries, territories, and areas. The report brings new features, including analyses of population testing coverage or AMR trends. For the first time, the report presents 2020 data on AMC at the national level. A new interactive dashboard allow users to explore AMR and AMC global data, country profiles and download the data.
This report marks the end of the early implementation phase of GLASS. In addition to presenting data collected through the latest data call, this report provides a summary of five years of national AMR surveillance data contributed to GLASS from its initiation, presents AMR findings in the context of progress of country participation in GLASS and in global AMR surveillance coverage and laboratory quality assurance systems at (sub)national level.
Patterns of antimicrobial consumption are presented by country with a particular focus on antibacterials. The report also presents the antimicrobial consumption according to the WHO AWaRe antibiotic classification, for penicillins and cephalosporines. From a One Health perspective, the report presents antimicrobial consumption data in the human sector expressed in tons to allow a comparison with antimicrobial consumption from other sectors (not included in this report) ... more
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World Health Organization WHO
(2022)
C_WHO
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