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Public Health Media Library

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2021) CC

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Mpox Testing Strategy - November 2024

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) CC

Mpox is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus closely related to the variola virus that causes smallpox. Mpox was first discovered in 1958 when outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in monkeys kept for research. The first human case was recorde...d in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort to eliminate smallpox and since then the infection has been reported in a number of African countries. Mpox can spread in humans through close contact, usually skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact, with an infected person or animal, as well as with materials contaminated with the virus such as clothing, beddings and towels, and respiratory droplets in prolonged face to face contact. People remain infectious from the onset of symptoms until all the lesions have scabbed and healed. The virus may spread from infected animals through handling infected meat or through bites or scratches. Diagnosis is confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of material from a lesion for the virus’s DNA. Two separate clades of the mpox virus are currently circulating in Africa: Clade I, which includes subclades Ia and Ib, and Clade II, comprising subclades IIa and IIb. Clade Ia and Clade Ib have been associated with ongoing human-to-human transmission and are presently responsible for outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), while Clade Ib is also contributing to outbreaks in Burundi and other countries. In 2022‒2023 mpox caused a global outbreak in over 110 countries, most of which had no previous history of the disease, primarily driven by human-to-human transmission of clade II through sexual contact. In just over a year, over 90,000 cases and 150 deaths were reported to the WHO. For the second time since 2022, mpox has been declared a global health emergency as the virus spreads rapidly across the African continent. On 13 Aug 2024, Africa CDC declared the ongoing mpox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS), marking the first such declaration by the agency since its inception in 2017.7 This declaration empowered the Africa CDC to lead and coordinate responses to the mpox outbreak across affected African countries. On August 14, 2024, the WHO declared the resurgence of mpox a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) emphasizing the need for coordinated international response. As of August 2024, Mpox has expanded beyond its traditional endemic regions, with new cases reported in countries including Sweden, Thailand, the Philippines, and Pakistan. Sweden has confirmed its first case of Clade 1 variant, which has been rapidly spreading in Africa, particularly in DRC. The emergence of this new variant raises concerns about its potential for higher lethality and transmission rates outside Africa. more

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Enfermedad de Chagas. Hoja informativa

Centers for disease control and prevention CDC (2025) C_CDC

Accessed January 13.2025

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African Union AMR Landmark Report: Voicing African Priorities on the Active Pandemic

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) CC

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a leading cause of death in the African region, surpassing fatalities from malaria, HIV, and TB. In response to this critical threat, the region has adopted the AMR Global Action Plan and the African Union Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2... more

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Africa Regulatory Taskforce has Endorsed the Emergency Used Listing for Two Versions of the AstraZeneca-Oxford Vaccine

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2021) C1

AstraZeneca-SKBio in South Korea and Serum Institute of India

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Public Health Emergency Response Guide for State, Local, and Tribal Public Health Directors - Version 2.0

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2011) C_CDC

This guide is intended to assist state, local, and tribal public health professionals in the initiation of response activities during the first 24 hours of an emergency or disaster. It should be used in conjunction with existin... more

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Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Guidance for the African Region

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) CC

Antimicrobials are medicines, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics, that are used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals, and plants. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) arises when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites no longer respond to these medicines, ren... more

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American Trypanosomiasis

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2021) C_CDC

DPDx - Laboratory Identification of Parasites of Public Health Concern Trypanosoma cruzi, is a parasitic protozoan that is the causative agent of Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Currently, six distinct lineages of T. cruzi are classified into discrete typing units (TcI-VI), which vary in... more

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Introduction to the Core Curriculum on Tuberculosis: What the Clinician Should Know

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2013)

Sixth Edition

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Usage des antimicrobiens dans: les établissements de soins de longue durée

European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ECDC (2018) C2

affiche - disponible en différentes langues

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Prevención y control del cólera

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2018) C2

The document titled "Prevención y control del cólera" (Cholera Prevention and Control) provides essential guidance on preventing and managing cholera, a disease characterized by severe watery diarrhea and vomiting. Without prompt treatment, cholera can lead to death due to dehydration within hours... more

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Factsheet for the general public - Antimicrobial resistance

European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ECDC (2019) C2

Antibiotics, also known as antimicrobial drugs, are medicines that can kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria to cure infections in people, animals and sometimes plants. Antibiotics are medicines for bacterial infections (such as pneumococcal pneumonia or staphylococcal bloodstream infections); anti... more

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IPC guidelines for ambulances transferring known or suspected COVID-19 cases
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C1

These guidelines outline the minimum operational guidance for infection prevention and control (IPC) in ambulances transferring suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients. Ambulance staff should be trained in the procedures outlined here as part of their induction and prior to starting work. They are ... more

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LEPTOSPIROSIS Fact Sheet for Clinicians

Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2018) CC

• Leptospirosis is a disease that is caused by spirochete bacteria in the genus Leptospira. There are 10 pathogenic species, and more than 250 pathogenic serovars. • While leptospirosis occurs worldwide, it is more common in tropical or sub-tropical climates.

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Hoja de datos de Leptospirosis | Leptospirosis | CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 23.04.2023 La leptospirosis es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por bacterias que pueden producir infecciones potencialmente mortales de los riñones, el hígado, el cerebro, los pulmones o el corazón.

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Mapping Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Use Partnership (MAAP) Country Report Senegal

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2023) CC

The Mapping Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Use Partnership (MAAP) project has conducted a multi-year, multi-country study that provides stark insights on the under-reported depth of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis across Africa and lays out urgent policy recommendations to addr... more