Всемирный доклад о наркотиках 2016 года публикуется по завершении знаменательного события в истории глобальной политики в отношении наркотиков – специальной сесс...и Генеральной Ассамблеи по мировой проблеме наркотиков. В главе I представлен общий обзор ситуации с предложением опиатов, кокаина, каннабиса, стимуляторов амфетаминового ряда (САР) и новых психоактивных веществ (НПВ) и спросом на них, а также их воздействия на здоровье человека. В ней рассматриваются также научные данные о полинаркомании, обращаемости за лечением в связи с потреблением каннабиса и изменениях, произошедших после легализации потребления каннабиса в рекреационных целях в некоторых районах мира. Глава II сосредоточена на рассмотрении механизмов взаимодействия мировой проблемы наркотиков и всех аспектов устойчивого развития через призму целей в области устойчивого развития.
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Towards a Healthier Botswana
Manual for Trainers and Programme Managers
Pharmaceutical regulators are at the forefront of ensuring that only safe and effective medicines are authorized and available in the market. This document builds on the recommendations in the above publication and has been prepared to specifically assist national medicines regulatory authorities to... understand the nature and extent of oxytocin quality issues and to provide key technical information and quality requirements for oxytocin products in dossier assessments. Furthermore, this document also presents recommendations on other regulatory actions needed to ensure that only quality-assured oxytocin products are authorized and made available to women.
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The purpose of this booklet is to assist WHO and other
Public Health workers in the field when an emergency
occurs. The booklet provides technical hints on how to
carry out a rapid health assessment, how to facilitate
coordination, how departments in WHO can assist, etc.
Standard formats for re...porting and reference indicators
are provided
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Learning from earthquake relief and recovery operations
Democratic dispensation in 1994 created a political and social platform that reshaped life in South Africa. There was a surge in common belief that the inequity and wrong of Apartheid should and could be rectified. Equity of access to water and sanitation were obvious targets for improvement. In 199...4, an estimated 14–15 million South Africans were without access to an improved water supply, while close to 21 million - more than half of the population at that time - did not have access to improved sanitation facilities. These problems were most severe in poorer rural areas. The water and sanitation sector became unified by the vision of universal access for all South Africans. This case study documents the progression of the sector between 1994 and 2016, and analyzes the impact of local systems created in South Africa to respond to the water and sanitation challenge.
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Medicina (Kaunas) 2013;49(7):335-40
Humanitarian emergencies, regardless of type and cause, have a number of common risk factors for communicable diseases inextricably linked to excess risk of morbidity and mortality which can come from vaccine–preventable diseases (VPDs). The reduction of VPDs is a significant aim of public-health ...interventions during crises.
The WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization carried out a comprehensive review of evidence on vaccination decision-making processes and considerations in humanitarian emergencies.
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The WHO Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study measures the burden of
disease using the disability-adjusted life year metric (DALY). The DALY metric
was developed to assess the burden of disease consistently across diseases,
risk factors and regions. A consistent and comparative description of the ...burden
of diseases and injuries and the risk factors that cause them is important as it
can inform health decision-making and health care planning.
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This short paper aims to identify key evidence gaps in our knowledge of livestock- and fisheries-linked antimicrobial resistance in the developing world, and to document on-going or planned research initiatives on this topic by key stakeholders.
The antimicrobial resistant (AMR) infections in anima...ls that are of most potential risk to human health are likely to be zoonotic pathogens transmitted through food, especially Salmonella and Campylobacter. In addition, livestock associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA MRSA) and extended spectrum beta lactamase E. coli (ESBL E. coli) are emerging problems throughout the world.
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The Zambia Population Based HIV impact assessment of 2016, reported the prevalence of viral hepatitis in Zambia as ranging between 5.6% among adults aged 15 to 59% in the general population, and 7.1% among HIV infected individuals. It is estimated that the majority of persons with chronic hepatitis ...B and/ or hepatitis C are unware of their infection and do not benefit from promotive, preventive and curative services designed to reduce onward transmission. Zambia introduced hepatitis B virus vaccine to the routine Under 5 vaccination schedule in 2005. Preliminary results from the ZAMPHIA indicate that hundreds of infections have been abated in children since then. However, its also clear that we continue to miss key opportunities to prevent transmission, diagnose and treat infections, prevent serious disease, and in many cases cure people. In addition, high risk groups inter alia health care workers still have limited access to the vaccine.
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March 2021
This report presents the key findings of the NFHS-5 survey in Maharashtra, followed by detailed tables and an appendix on sampling errors. The 2019-21 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), the fifth in the NFHS series, provides information on population, health, and nutrition for India... and each state and union territory.
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This section provides general information on HCW and key elements of management procedures that are essential to know before developing a HCWM plan.