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Evidence of HIV Treatment and Viral Suppression in Preventing the Sexual Transmission of HIV

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2018)

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Leptospirosis in sugarcane plantation and fishing communities in Kagera northwestern Tanzania

Mgode, G.; Japhary, M.; Mhamphi, G. et al. PLoS Neglected Tropical diseases (2019) CC

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease of worldwide importance, though relatively neglected in many African countries including sub Saharan Africa that is among areas with high burden of this disease. The disease is often mistaken for other febrile illnesses such as dengue, malaria, rickettsi... more

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Guidelines for screening for Tuberculosis infection and disease during the domestic medical examination for newly arrived refugees

U.S. Department of Human Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectios Diseases (2012) C_CDC

Division of Global Migration and Quarantine April 16, 2012

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The multidimensional comprehension of Chagas disease

Sanmatino, M.; Forsyth, C.; Avaria, A. et al. (2022) C2

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 117: e200460, 2022 Integrating the multiple dimensions of the problem into a coherent approach adapted to field realities and needs represents an immense challenge, but the payoff is more effective and sustainable experiences, with higher social awareness... more

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Situation Overview: Area-Based Assessment of Ar-Raqqa City, March 2018

REACH Initiative (2018) C1

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COVID-19: Implications for People with Chagas Disease

Zaidel, E.J.; et al. (2020) CC

Glob Heart . 2020 Oct 13;15(1):69. doi: 10.5334/gh.891.

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Situational Brief: Impact of Covid-19 on forcibly displaced persons inside Syria

Marzouk M., Rayes D., Y. Douedari et al. Lancet Migration (2020) CC

Over nine years of protracted and violent conflict in Syria has decimated its health system,killed an estimated 586,000 people and forcibly displaced more than half the 22 million pre-war population from their homes. As of June 2020, a total of 6.2 million Syrians (of whom 40% are children) are inte... more

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Venezuela: The ICRC’s Caracas regional delegation - Operational Report, January - June 2019

International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC (2019) C1

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Syrian Arab Republic: COVID-19 Humanitarian Update No. 25 as of 10 June 2021

Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA (2021) C1

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Antimicrobial resistance in South East Asia: time to ask the right questions

Kakkar M., Chatterjee P. et. al. (2018) C2

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major public health concern, around which the international leadership has come together to form strategic partnerships and action plans. The main driving force behind the emergence of AMR is selection pressure created due to consumption of antibiotics... more

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Antenatal screening for HIV, hepatitis B, syphilis and rubella susceptibility in the EU/EEA – addressing the vulnerable populations

C. Savolainen-Kopra; M. Kontio; J. Lindeman; et al. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2017) C2

Scientific Advice

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Nigeria: End-of-Term Desk Review Report of the 2010 -2015 National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan

Independent Review Team; National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA); UNAIDS (2015) C1

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Situation analysis of programs to meet the HIV prevention, care, and treatment needs of persons with disabilities in Ghana, Uganda, and Zambia

TUN, Waimar, et al. USAID; PEPFAR; et al. (2013) C1

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Frameworks for Victim Assistance: Monitor key findings and observations

International Campaign to Ban Landmines (2013) C3

For close to 15 years, the Monitor has tracked the impact of victim assistance on the lives of victims of landmines, cluster munitions, and other explosive remnants of war (hereafter “mine/ERW victims”). Over this time, the international communi... more

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Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of Ebola virus disease

M. Bray, M.S.Hirsch, D.Mitty, et al. (2015)

Up-to-date Literature review current through: Jan 2015. | This topic last updated: Jan 29, 2015.

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Situational Brief: Covid-19 and associated risks for Central Asian temporary labour migrants in the Russian Federation

King E. J., N. Zotova Lancet Migration (2020) CC

The Russian Federation continues to be a major destination country for Central Asianlabour migrants. There were nearly million Central Asians living in the Russian Federation in 2019, mainly coming from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan in order to seek employment opportunities. Men continue to... more

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Twice invisible: Accounting for internally displaced children

Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (2019) C1

Internally displaced children are twice invisible in global and national data. First, because internally displaced people (IDPs) of all ages are often unaccounted for. Second, because age-disaggregation of any kind of data is limited, and even more so for IDPs. Planning adequate responses to meet... more

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UN Multi-Sector Response Plan to COVID-19 for Mozambique

UNCT Mozambique (2020) CC

Mozambique registered its first COVID-19 case on 22 March 2020 and since then numbers have steadily grown over the following three months with cases now reported in all provinces. In response, a level 3 State of emergency was enacted on 1 April 2020 and has been extended until 29 July 2020, with mea... more

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Situation Analysis of Children and Women in Kenya, 2017

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (2017) C1

The report provides the much-needed evidence to design interventions for children in Kenya and as such we urge partners to use this report as a document for planning for children.