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Consolidated Message Guide for Ebola Communication in Sierra Leone (Version 5, 21 May 2015)

National Social Mobilisation Pillar; SMAC; et al. (2015)

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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National Disability Mainstreaming Strategy and Implementation Plan (NDMS&IP) 2018-2023

Department of Disability and elderly affairs Ministry of Gender, Children, Disability and Social Welfare (2019) CC

The NDMS&IP focuses on mainstreaming disability to promote equitable access to services in the six thematic areas of health, education, livelihoods, empowerment, and social inclusion and cross-cutting issues. The first part of the NDMS&IP outlines incongruences between national and sectoral policie... more

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National Hygiene and Environmental Health Communication Guideline

Ministry of Health, Ethiopia (2016) C1

Advocacy ,Social Mobilization ,Behavior Change Communications

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India: NATIONAL GUIDELINE FOR PARTNERSHIP

Government of India, Central Tuberculosis Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2014) C1

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Social Mobilization and Community Engagement Central to the Ebola Response in West Africa: Lessons for Future Public Health Emergencies
recommended

Amaya M Gillespie, Rafael Obregon, Rania El Asawi, et al. (2016) CC

doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00226; Glob Health Sci Pract December 23, 2016 vol. 4 no. 4 p. 626-646

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Social Mobilization Lessons Learned: The Ebola Response in Liberia

USAID; Health Communication Capacity Collaborative (2017) C1

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Mobilizing Communites for Health and Social Change. Community Mobilization Strategy

Ministry of Health, Malawi; USAID; et al. (2011) C1

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National Ebola Response Strategy "Scaling up to the challenge"

Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Liberia (2014)

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Namibia: National Guidelines for the Management of Tuberculosis , Fourth Edition 2019

Ministry of Health and Social Services; Republic of Namibia (2019) C1

Tuberculosis (TB) is among the top ten most common causes of death globally and as a single infectious disease it top among infectious diseases. Furthermore, it is noted as the top causes of death among people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Despite recent decreases in the numb... more

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Namibia: National Public Health Laboratory Policy

Ministry of Health and Social Services (MOHSS) (2012) C1

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Liberia: National Malaria Strategic Plan 2010–2015

Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Liberia (2010) C1

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National Multisectoral Strategic Plan For Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases(NCDs) in Namibia

Ministry of Health and Social Services Namibia (2017) CC

Namibia is no exception to the growingglobal concern on the increasing burden of NCDs. Namibia is an upper middle income country with fast economic growth since independence in 1990. The country is bearing the double burden of communicable and noncommunicable diseases and rapid urbanizat... more

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Liberia: National Decentralized Management Support Systems Implementation Strategy & Plan 2008

Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Liberia; USAID BASICS Project (2008) C1

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National school meals and nutrition strategy 2017–2022

Ministry of Health, Kenya (2018) C1

This strategy takes into account the policies formulated by sectors with cross-cutting interests in school meals, such as education, health, social protection and agriculture.The strategy further complements the provisions of the National School Health Policy and the asso... more

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Resource mobilisation for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): Getting AMR into plans and budgets of government and development partners / Nigeria country level report

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

The most significant finding of the case study for integrating antimicrobial resistance (AMR)into existing programs and mobilising resources for funding in Nigeria, is that most of the AMR activities within the Nigerian National Action Plan (NAP)canalready be incorporated within exi... more

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National Health in All Policies Strategic Framework 2017-2021

Ministry of Health, Zambia (2018) CC

The attainment of Zambia’s goal of being a prosperous and middle-income country by 2030 as stipulated in its Vision 2030 is dependent on among others, a healthy and productive population. Therefore, the Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ) has prioritized health as a key socio-economic inves... more

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Resource mobilisation for antimicrobial resistance (AMR): Getting AMR into plans and budgets of government and development partners / Ghana country level report

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

The Ghanaian Cabinet approved the antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Policy and Implementation plan(hereafter referred to as the national action plan or NAP)in December 2017, whilst the country case study was in progress. This has set in motion the implementation phase for Ghana, which is a long awaited... more

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National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan (NMESP) 2024–2028

National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP) Ghana Health Service - Ministry of Health, Ghana (2023) C2

The National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan (NMESP) 2024–2028 of Ghana outlines the country’s roadmap to shift from malaria control to elimination. Despite major progress—like reducing malaria deaths from nearly 2,800 in 2012 to 151 in 2022—malaria remains a major public health challenge... more

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Manual for developing national malaria strategic plans

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office for Africa (2019) C_WHO

The aim of the framework is to provide guidance to Member States and partners on region-specific priority actions towards the goals, targets and milestones of the GTS. The central pillar of the framework is the adoption of programme phasing and transitioning, aimed at facilitating a tailored approac... more

Social Mobilization and Community Engagement Central to the Ebola Response in West Africa: Lessons for Future Public Health Emergencies recommended

Social Mobilization and Community Engagement Central to the Ebola Response in West Africa: Lessons for Future Public Health Emergencies
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