Lancet Planet Health 2021; 5: e654–58
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                The guide is divided into 3 sections —the first focuses on the conceptual framework for M&E; the second focuses on six key steps for M&E; and further, the appendix provides additional tools, resources, and projects for M&E. With a comprehensive breakdown of the important approaches as well as a ch...ecklist approach to the setting up of a monitoring and evaluation framework, this guide works for almost everyone
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                                                                WHO guidelines on the pharmacological treatment of persisting pain in children with medical illnesses
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                The aims of this publication is to highlight the lack of diversity in medical literature and education
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Rabies is a fatal viral zoonosis and serious public health problem.1 All mammals are believed to be susceptible to the disease, and for the purposes of this document, use of the term animal refers to mammals. The disease is an acute, progressive encephalitis caused by viruses in the genus Lyssavirus....
2 Rabies virus is the most important lyssavirus globally. In the 
United States, multiple rabies virus variants are maintained in wild mammalian reservoir populations such as raccoons, skunks, foxes, and bats. Although the United States has been declared free from transmission of canine rabies virus variants, there is always a risk of reintroduction of these variants.The rabies virus is usually transmitted from animal to animal through bites. The incubation period is 
highly variable. In domestic animals, it is generally 3 to 12 weeks, but can range from several days to months, exceeding 6 months.8 Rabies is communicable during the period of salivary shedding of rabies virus. Experimental and historic evidence documents that dogs, cats, and ferrets shed the virus for a few days prior to the onset of clinical signs and during illness. Clinical signs of rabies are variable and include inappetance, dysphagia, cranial nerve deficits, abnormal behavior, ataxia, paralysis, altered vocalization, and seizures. Progression to death is rapid. There are currently no known effective rabies antiviral drugs.
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                                                                Young children are especially susceptible to exposure to trauma. Rates of abuse and neglect among this population are staggering. This article presents a review of relevant literature, including research findings specific to early childhood vulnerability to trauma, symptoms associated with traumatic... events, diagnostic validity of early childhood trauma, and treatments for young children. In the past, misconceptions about the mental health of young  children have hindered accurate diagnosis and treatment of trauma-related mental illness. Due to the prevalence of trauma exposure in early childhood, counselors are encouraged to become familiar with ways that clients and families are impacted and methods for treatment. Implications for future research also are presented.
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                                                                Research
Emerging Infectious Diseases Vol. 12, No. 5, May 2006
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                A survival guide for clinicans.
3rd edition.
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Externalizing disorders
Chapter 1.1
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                November 3, 2009https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000176
PLoS Med 6(11): e1000176. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000176
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                dos Santos et al. BMC Public Health 2014, 14:80 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/14/80
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Air pollution is a major environmental risk factor and contributor to chronic, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, most public health approaches to NCD prevention focus on behavioural and biomedical risk factors, rather than environmental risk factors such as air pollution. This article discus...ses the implications of such a focus. It then outlines the opportunities for those in public health and environmental science to work together across three key areas to address air pollution, NCDs and climate change: (a) acknowledging the shared drivers, including corporate determinants; (b) taking a ‘co-benefits’ approach to NCD prevention; and (c) expanding prevention research and evaluation methods through investing in systems thinking and intersectoral, cross-disciplinary collaborations.
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                                                                J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr  Volume 78, Supplement 1, August 15, 2018
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Identified through evaluation of the response to pandemic (H1N1) 2009
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Research Article 
PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190785 January 10, 2018 
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Zanoni BC, et al. BMJ Glob Health 2016;1:e000004. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2015-000004
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                There is increasing interest in understanding the role of air pollution as one of the greatest threats to human health worldwide. Nine of 10 individuals breathe air with polluted compounds that have a great impact on lung tissue. The nature of the relationship is complex, and new or updated data are... constantly being reported in the literature. The goal of our review was to summarize the most important air pollutants and their impact on the main respiratory diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory infections, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis) to reduce both short- and the long-term exposure consequences. We considered the most important air pollutants, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, ozone, particulate matter and biomass smoke, and observed their impact on pulmonary pathologies. We focused on respiratory pathologies, because air pollution potentiates the increase in respiratory diseases, and the evidence that air pollutants have a detrimental effect is growing. It is imperative to constantly improve policy initiatives on air quality in both high- and low-income countries.
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                                                                DHS Working Papers No. 125
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Mood disorders
Chapter E.1
2015 edition
                                                            
                         
                     
                                                        
                        
                        
                            
                            
                                                                Healthcare 2020, 8(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8010026 
The  current  article  is  an  integrative  and  analytical  literature  review  on  the  concept and  meaning  of  empathy  in  health  and  social  care  professionals.   Empathy,  i.e.,  the  ability  to understand  the  perso...nal  experience  of  the  patient  without  bonding  with  them,  constitutes  an important communication skill for a health professional, one that includes three dimensions:  the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. It has been proven that health professionals with high levels of empathy operate more efficiently as to the fulfillment of their role in eliciting therapeutic change.The empathetic professional comprehends the needs of the health care users, as the latter feel safe to express the thoughts and problems that concern them. Although the importance of empathy is undeniable, a significantly high percentage of health professionals seem to find it difficult to adopt a model of empathetic communication in their everyday practice. Some of the factors that negatively influence the development of empathy are the high number of patients that professionals have to manage, the lack of adequate time, the focus on therapy within the existing academic culture, but also the lack of education in empathy. Developing empathetic skills should not only be the underlying objective in the teaching process of health and social care undergraduate students, but also the subject of the lifelong and continuous education of professionals
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