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Website last accessed on 14.04.2023
Трематодозы пищевого происхождения являются зоонозами, и их возбудители могут передаваться человеку только после завершения сложного жизне
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нного цикла, некоторые стадии которого протекают в организме промежуточного животного хозяина. Первыми промежуточными хозяевами всех видов трематод являются пресноводные улитки. Второй хозяин бывает разным в зависимости от вида: в случае клонорхоза и описторхоза это пресноводные рыбы, а в случае парагонимоза — ракообразные.
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Website last accessed on 14.04.2023
Food-borne trematode infections are zoonotic, and their pathogens can be transmitted to humans only after the completion of a complex life cycle, some stages of which take place in the body of an intermediate animal host. The first intermediate hosts of all tr
...
ematode species are freshwater snails. The second host varies depending on the species: in the case of clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis it is freshwater fish, and in the case of paragonimiasis it is crustaceans.
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Website last accessed on 14.04.2023
One of the ongoing challenges with neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) is that the discovery of medicines to treat them has been very slow. Current global programmes for NTDs largely depend on donated medicines, primarily to treat the world’s poorest people
...
most of whom live in remote rural or in deprived urban settings.
WHO recently spoke to Mr Robert J. Gyurik, who discovered albendazole in 1972. He took us through the journey that led him to develop the compound.
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Website last accessed on 14.04.2023
Health workers Luke (Kenya), Juliana (Colombia), and Shishu (India) share the same hope for their patients with leishmaniasis: simple, oral treatments. For the first time ever, it seems leishmaniasis research is moving from neglect to a sense of hope.
Website last accessed on 14.04.2023
The GARC Education Platform (GEP) is a set of free online courses developed to improve the skills and knowledge of people working in rabies awareness and prevention. Through the GEP, we aim to empower people to become rabies advocates, focal persons, and exper
...
ts across the globe. After completing each course, you become a certified graduate and receive a unique certificate of completion!
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Malawi Coronavirus(COVID-19) statistics. Total and daily confirmed cases and deaths.
Ratschläge nach Altersgruppen - Kleinkinder, Vorschulkinder, Schulkinder, Jugendliche - rund um die zentralen Frage: Wie helfe ich meinem traumatisierten Kind?
Die Erinnerungen an ein fürchterliches Ereignis brennen manchmal wie eine körperliche Wunde. Diese Erinnerungen sind dann anders als di
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e Erinnerungen, die man bis dahin kennt. Wenn man sich an bedrohliche Ereignisse erinnert, ist es so, als erlebe man die Bedrohung wieder. Es ist gar nicht so, als sei das Erlebte vergangen. Es ist so, als kehrte das Erlebte mit den Erinnerungen zurück. Die Erinnerungen werden nicht immer blasser, sondern bleiben stark und lebendig. Solche Erinnerungen machen es schwierig, wieder ein ganz normales Leben zu führen.
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There is an expanding market of no- and low-alcohol beverages (NoLos). However, their effects on global ethanol consumption and public health are still questioned. Policies and regulations about NoLos’ availability, acceptability and affordability are lacking and evidence about their benefits is l
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imited. Concerns have been raised about the impact of NoLos in reducing alcohol consumption and its associated harm and the possible drawbacks and implications, such as misleading minors, pregnant women, abstainers or those seeking to stop drinking about their actual ethanol content. Further, there are concerns about the implications of NoLo branded products being displayed close to the brand’s main alcoholic beverages and their potential to subtly lead to new occasions of drinking. There is a need to monitor their consumption and impact on aggregated alcohol consumption to understand the public health implications of NoLos. The alcohol by volume content of NoLos must be defined, harmonised and clearly labelled. NoLo marketing needs to be regulated to protect children, pregnant women and those seeking to stop drinking. Fiscal and pricing policies to reduce the affordability of products with higher strengths of ethanol may favour a shift towards lower alcohol strength beverages.
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Self-care interventions are evidence-based, quality drugs, devices, diagnostics and/or digital products which can be provided fully or partially outside of formal health services and can be used with or without the direct supervision of health care personnel.
Where HPV tests are available as part o
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f the national programme, HPV self-sampling offers an additional option to improve cervical cancer screening coverage.
Self-sampling can help reach a global target of 70% coverage of screening by 2030. Women may feel more comfortable taking their own samples, rather than going to see a health worker for cervical cancer screening.
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En la Región de las Américas, las poblaciones están envejeciendo y se está experimentando una rápida transición demográfica. El índice de envejecimiento, que refleja el tamaño de los grupos de mayor edad por 100 en comparación con los menores de 15 años, demuestra claramente el aumento de
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las personas de 60 años o más. En comparación con las tendencias mundiales, la Región tendrá un mayor número de personas de 60 años o más que de menores de 15 años para el 2030, aproximadamente 25 años antes que el promedio mundial. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha dado pie a una crisis de salud sin precedentes en todo el mundo. Sus efectos en las personas mayores y aquellas con enfermedades subyacentes han puesto de manifiesto los desafíos de abordar sus necesidades durante una emergencia de salud pública. Dada esta transición demográfica, es fundamental reflexionar acerca de la preparación de los sistemas y servicios con vistas a atender las necesidades de este grupo de población, incluidas la mejora de la planificación para casos de emergencia y la protección de las personas mayores.
Esta publicación forma parte de una serie titulada La Década del Envejecimiento Saludable en las Américas: situación y desafíos
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Throughout the Americas, populations are aging and the Region is undergoing a rapid demographic transition. The aging index, which reflects the size of the older age groups per 100 compared to children under age 15, clearly demonstrates the increase in people aged 60 and older. Compared to global tr
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ends, the Region of the Americas will have a larger number of people aged 60 and older than children under 15 by 2030, which is approximately 25 years before the global average. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented an unparalleled health crisis around the world. The impact on older persons and those with underlying health conditions has highlighted the challenges of addressing the needs of older populations during a public health emergency. Given this demographic transition it is essential to think about preparedness of systems and services to address this population’s needs, including an increase in emergency planning and protection of older populations.
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The chapter Closing the Gap: The Health Disparities of Older LGBTI People in the Americas, is part of the publication series titled ‘Decade of Healthy Aging: situation and challenges’. In order to outline the current knowledge available on the situation of health and well-being of older persons
...
in the Americas at the beginning of the United Nations Decade of Healthy Aging (2021-2030), this document presents data and existing evidence different forms of discrimination and mistreatment older people face due to their sexual orientation and gender identities that ultimately increase health disparities. Previous studies on LGBTI older people offer valuable information on the lived experiences of these communities and demonstrate that they face unique challenges with aging, emphasizing the difficulties related to access to care. Very few studies on older people and aging include a focus on sexual orientation or gender identity; however, it is possible to point out that HIV/AIDS is one of the most significant health disparities confronting LGBTI older persons, followed by physical and mental health problems, substance use, social isolation, poverty, and the lack of access to quality healthcare, including long-term care facilities or other institutions. Closing the gap in access and quality of health and care services is an imperative to increase longevity, health status and quality of life of LGBTI older people.
more
The chapter Closing the Gap: The Health Disparities of Older LGBTI People in the Americas, is part of the publication series titled ‘Decade of Healthy Aging: situation and challenges’. In order to outline the current knowledge available on the situation of health and well-being of older persons
...
in the Americas at the beginning of the United Nations Decade of Healthy Aging (2021-2030), this document presents data and existing evidence different forms of discrimination and mistreatment older people face due to their sexual orientation and gender identities that ultimately increase health disparities. Previous studies on LGBTI older people offer valuable information on the lived experiences of these communities and demonstrate that they face unique challenges with aging, emphasizing the difficulties related to access to care. Very few studies on older people and aging include a focus on sexual orientation or gender identity; however, it is possible to point out that HIV/AIDS is one of the most significant health disparities confronting LGBTI older persons, followed by physical and mental health problems, substance use, social isolation, poverty, and the lack of access to quality healthcare, including long-term care facilities or other institutions. Closing the gap in access and quality of health and care services is an imperative to increase longevity, health status and quality of life of LGBTI older people.
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The chapter Fostering Health Systems’ Monitoring to Better Serve Older Populations is part of the publication series entitled Decade of Healthy Aging: Situation and Challenges. The publications are designed to favor the prioritization of effective actions at the local level as well as the monitori
...
ng of data and public health policies, and providing evidence-based information. Along with the objective of presenting the available updated knowledge about the situation of health and aging at the beginning of the Decade of Healthy Aging in the Americas, this publication gives information about health systems’ monitoring to better serve the needs of older adults and emphasizes the need for societies and health systems to better adapt to an aging population. It introduces the 360-tool as a guide to adapt health systems through monitoring tracers/indicators and highlighting the data and information that is readily available, disaggregated by age. This information can aid in decision-making and resource allocation to support older adults’ needs. Concerning the 360-tool development, a consensus has been reached on seven tracer indicators with high relevance to informing policy, and case studies in selected countries have assessed the feasibility of this approach. The list of indicators and the process related to the development of the tool are presented in this publication. The Decade of Healthy Aging 2021-2030 is a period to guide action towards the transformation of societies by fostering the inclusion of older people in every decision. This publication intends to contribute to this strategy and highlight the upcoming challenges and opportunities on healthy aging.
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Promover el seguimiento de los sistemas de salud para prestar mejores servicios a la población de personas mayores forma parte de la serie titulada La Década del envejecimiento saludable en las Américas: situación y desafíos. El propósito de la serie es favorecer la priorización de medidas ef
...
icaces a nivel local, así como el seguimiento de los datos y las políticas de salud pública, mediante la presentación de información basada en la evidencia. Con el objetivo de presentar el conocimiento actualizado disponible sobre la situación de la salud y el envejecimiento en el inicio de la Década del Envejecimiento Saludable en la Región de las Américas, en este trabajo se brinda información sobre el seguimiento de los sistemas de salud para satisfacer mejor las necesidades de las personas mayores, de manera de subrayar la necesidad de que las sociedades y los sistemas de salud se adapten mejor al envejecimiento poblacional. Además se presenta la herramienta sobre la visión de 360° como una guía para adaptar los sistemas de salud mediante el seguimiento de los indicadores indirectos y destacar los datos y la información que están fácilmente disponibles, desglosados por edad. Esta información puede ayudar en la toma de decisiones y la asignación de recursos para brindar apoyo a las necesidades de las personas mayores. Hasta ahora, se ha llegado a un consenso sobre siete indicadores indirectos con gran pertinencia para fundamentar las políticas y en los estudios de casos en algunos países seleccionados se ha evaluado la viabilidad de este enfoque. En este documento, se presentan la lista de indicadores y el proceso relacionado con la elaboración de la herramienta. La Década del Envejecimiento Saludable 2021-2030 es un período designado para guiar las actividades de transformación de las sociedades con respecto al envejecimiento poblacional y fomentar la inclusión de las personas mayores en cada decisión. El propósito de este documento es contribuir a esta estrategia y poner de relieve los próximos desafíos y oportunidades en relación con el envejecimiento saludable.
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The chapter Dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean: Prevalence, Incidence, Impact, and Trends over Time, is part of the publication series titled “Decade of Healthy Aging: situation and challenges”. This document aims to provide an outline of the current situation in Latin America and the C
...
aribbean in respect of the prevalence and incidence of dementia and its impact on the health status of older people. As dementia is a significant global health problem which also has social and economic impacts this document highlights the importance of monitoring dementia in the region. The document evidences that dementia is one of the main contributors to dependence and disability in older people in Latin America and the Caribbean and, although its prevalence and incidence increase exponentially with age, it is not part of normal aging. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common dementia, and there is no cure for this condition, but with timely diagnosis is possible to ameliorate symptoms. It is important to assess what are the needs of people leaving with dementia and their families and to integrate dementia risk reduction strategies in pre-existing strategies for other non-communicable diseases. As shown in the report, despite the huge burden dementia is still underdiagnosed, and it is fundamental to better monitor its prevalence, incidence and the different societal impact that dementia can have. For that, it is crucial to promote the use of harmonized methodologies to address this information in a broader number of studies and countries in the region. This can contribute to the generation of direct actions to decrease dementia risk and lead to healthier lives for people with dementia and their families.
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Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are among the most common infections worldwide with an estimated 1.5 billion infected people or 24% of the world’s population. These infections affect the poorest and most deprived communities with poor access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene in tro
...
pical and subtropical areas, with the highest prevalence reported from sub-Saharan Africa, China, South America and Asia. They are transmitted by eggs present in human faeces, which in turn contaminate soil in areas where sanitation is poor. Over 260 million preschool-age children, 654 million school-age children,108 million adolescent girls and 138.8 million pregnant and lactating women live in areas where these parasites are intensively transmitted, and are in need of treatment and preventive interventions.
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Las geohelmintiasis son una de las parasitosis más comunes en el mundo, y se estima que 1500 millones de personas, el 24 % de la población mundial, están infestadas. Estas infestaciones afectan a las comunidades más pobres y desfavorecidas de zonas tropicales y subtropicales con un acceso defici
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ente a servicios de agua limpia, saneamiento e higiene, y la prevalencia más alta se ha notificado en el África subsahariana, China, América del Sur y Asia. Las geohelmintiasis transmiten a través de los huevos de los parásitos eliminados con las heces fecales de las personas infestadas, que, a su vez, contaminan el suelo en zonas donde el saneamiento es deficiente. Más de 260 millones de niños en edad preescolar, 654 millones de niños en edad escolar, 108 millones de niñas adolescentes y 138,8 millones de embarazadas y madres lactantes viven en zonas donde la transmisión de esos parásitos es intensa y, por esa razón, necesitan tratamientos e intervenciones preventivas.
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Les géohelminthiases comptent parmi les infections les plus courantes dans le monde, plus de 1,5 milliard de personnes, soit près de 24 % de la population mondiale, étant infestées à l’échelle mondiale. Ces infections touchent les communautés les plus pauvres et les plus défavorisées ayan
...
t un accès limité à l’eau potable, à l’assainissement et à l’hygiène dans les régions tropicales et subtropicales, la plus forte prévalence étant recensée en Afrique subsaharienne, en Chine, en Amérique du Sud et en Asie. Elles se transmettent par des œufs présents dans les excréments humains, qui contaminent les sols là où les conditions d’assainissement sont insuffisantes. Plus de 260 millions d’enfants d’âge préscolaire, 654 millions d’enfants d’âge scolaire, 108 millions d’adolescentes et 138,8 millions de femmes enceintes ou allaitantes vivent dans des zones où il existe une transmission à grande échelle de ces parasites et nécessitent un traitement et la mise en place de mesures préventives.
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Передающиеся через почву гельминтозы (ППГ) относятся к наиболее распространенным инвазиям во всем мире и, согласно расчетам, поражают 1,5 млрд человек, или 24% мирово
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о населения. Они поражают беднейшие и наиболее обездоленные группы населения, не имеющие полноценного доступа к чистому водоснабжению и санитарно-гигиеническим средствам, на территории тропических и субтропических районов и, по имеющимся данным, наиболее распространены в странах Африки к югу от Сахары, Китае, Южной Америке и Азии. Они передаются через яйца, присутствующие в фекалиях человека, которые в неблагополучных с санитарной точки зрения районах попадают в почву. В районах интенсивной передачи данных паразитов проживает более 260 млн детей дошкольного возраста, 654 млн детей школьного возраста, 108 млн девочек-подростков и 138,8 млн беременных и кормящих грудью женщин, все из которых нуждаются в лечении и профилактике.
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