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The Leprosy Programme and Transmission Assessment (LPTA) is an activity that is carried out by internal teams towards the end of Phase 1 (see Leprosy Elimination Framework in the Annex) when a subnational jurisdiction (typically second-tier) reaches the milestone for interruption of transmission, i.
...
e., zero autochthonous child cases for a consecutive period of five years. It also needs to be done at the end of Phase 2, when the second milestone of elimination of leprosy disease has been reached. An LPTA will be carried out to document that all relevant programme criteria have been met and examine trends of epidemiological indicators in such jurisdiction to confirm that the milestone has been achieved. The LPTA includes assessment of health facilities that provide leprosy services. LPTA comprises of review of epidemiological data, health facility assessment and data validation and verification of the programme criteria through observation during a field visit. The evidence collected in this way in subnational health administrative units is compiled in a Leprosy Elimination Dossier to be submitted to WHO when the country reaches the milestone for elimination of disease in the country as whole. Countries that have not detected any new leprosy cases in the past three years or more can use the LPTA at national level prior to or as part of the verification process. Countries likely to be among the first to apply for verification may have had no new cases detected for more than 10 years.
more
Human echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease (a disease that is transmitted to humans from animals) that is caused by parasites, namely tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus.
Echinococcosis, or hydatid disease, is an infection caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus, a tiny tapeworm just a few millimetres long. Five species of Echinococcus have been identified which infect a wide range of domestic and wild animals. Echinococcosis is a zoonosis, a disease of animals
...
that affects humans.
more
La equinococosis humana es una zoonosis (es decir, una enfermedad transmitida al ser humano por los animales) provocada por tenias parásitas del género Echinococcus que se presenta en cuatro formas:
L’échinococcose humaine est une zoonose (maladie transmise à l’homme par l’animal) causée par des parasites, à savoir des ténias du genre Echinococcus. L’échinococcose se présente sous 4 formes :
Эхинококкоз человека является зоонозом (болезнью, передаваемой от животных человеку), вызываемым паразитами, а именно ленточными червями рода Echinococcus. Существует ч
...
етыре формы эхинококкоза:
more
人类棘球蚴病是由一种寄生虫，即棘球绦虫属绦虫所引起的人畜共患病（由动物传染给人类的疾病）。棘球蚴病有四种形式：
حقائق رئيسية
إن دواء المشوكات البشري هو مرض طفيلي تتسبب به شريطيات من جنس الشريطيات المشوكة.
وأهم شكلين لهذا المرض لدى الإنسان هما داء المشوكات الكيسي ( داء التكيس
...
لديداني) وداء المشوكات السنخي.
ويصاب الإنسان بالعدوى عبر ابتلاع بيوض الطفيليات في الأغذية، أو المياه، أو التربة الملوثة، أو من خلال الاحتكاك المباشر مع الحيوانات المضيفة.
وغالباً ما يكون علاج داء المشوكات مكلفاً ومعقداً، وقد يتطلب جراحة واسعة و/أو علاجاً دوائياً مطولا.
وتشمل برامج الوقاية إخضاع الكلاب لتدابير طرد الديدان، والنهوض بمعاينة الأغذية ونظافة المسالخ؛ ويجري حالياً تقييم تطعيم الحملان كتدخل إضافي.
وهناك أكثر من مليون مصاب بداء المشوكات في أي وقت من الأوقات.
ومرض داء المشوكات البشري هو مرض حيواني المصدر (أي ينتقل إلى الإنسان من الحيوان) تتسبب به طفيليات هي شريطيات من جنس المشوكات. ويظهر داء المشوكات في أربعة أشكال:
more
This report represents the WHO-supported NTDs program activities and key performances in 2023. It is categorized into three sections: The first section states on the disease targeted for eradication (Guinea worm disease); the second section is on the
Preventive Chemotherapy (PC)-NTDs (Trachoma,
...
Schistosomiasis, Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis, Onchocerciasis and Lymphatic Filariasis) and the third section is focused on the case management NTDs (Leishmaniasis, Leprosy, Human African
Trypanosomiasis, Noma and other skin NTDs).
more
The trematodes Fasciola hepatica (also known as the common liver fluke or the sheep liver fluke) and Fasciola gigantica are large liver flukes (F. hepatica: up to 30 mm by 15 mm; F. gigantica: up to 75 mm by 15 mm), which are primarily found in domestic and wild ruminants (their main definitive host
...
s) but also are causal agents of fascioliasis in humans.
more
WHO promotes the inclusion of foodborne trematodiases among the targets of preventive chemotherapy interventions. With the aim of providing access to quality medicines, WHO has negotiated with Novartis Pharma AG whereby Novartis donates triclabendazole for the treatment of fascioliasis and paragonim
...
iasis in endemic countries. WHO collects applications from ministries of health and medicines are shipped free of charge.
more
Foodborne trematodiases are caused by parasitic trematode worms. People become infected by eating raw or undercooked fish, crustaceans and vegetables that contain the larval worms.
Foodborne trematode infections cause 2 million life years lost to disability and death worldwide every year.
People become infected by eating raw fish, crustaceans or vegetables that harbour the parasite larvae.
Foodborne trematodiases are most prevalent in East Asia and South America.
Foodborne
...
trematode infections result in severe liver and lung disease.
Safe and efficacious medicines are available to prevent and treat foodborne trematodiases.
Prevention and management of food-borne trematodes requires cross-sectoral collaboration on the human-animal and ecosystems interface.
more
Website last accessed on 14.04.2023
Food-borne trematode infections are zoonotic, and their pathogens can be transmitted to humans only after the completion of a complex life cycle, some stages of which take place in the body of an intermediate animal host. The first intermediate hosts of all tr
...
ematode species are freshwater snails. The second host varies depending on the species: in the case of clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis it is freshwater fish, and in the case of paragonimiasis it is crustaceans.
more
Chagas disease is a tropical disease caused by a parasite called Trypansoma cruzi and is primarily spread by Triatomine bugs. It is estimated to affect 6-7 million people, mostly in Latin America, and can cause devastating chronic illness. In this video we take a look at the disease, what it is, and
...
ways to control its spread.
more
People with Guinea worm disease (GWD) have no symptoms for about 1 year. Then, the person begins to feel ill. Symptoms can include the following:
Slight fever
Itchy rash
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Dizziness
A blister then develops. This blister can form anywhere on the skin. However, the blis
...
ter forms on the lower body parts in 80%–90% of cases. This blister gets bigger over several days and causes a burning pain. The blister eventually ruptures, exposing the worm. The infected person may put the affected body part in cool water to ease the symptoms or may enter water to perform daily tasks, such as fetching drinking water. On contact with water, the worm discharges hundreds of thousands of larvae into the water.
more
