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Report on National Survey of Diabetes Mellitus And Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Myanmar

World Health Organization (WHO), Myanmar, Ministry of Health (2014) C_WHO

The Ministry of Health conducted STEPS surveys on adult risk factors surveillance in Myanmar in 2003, 2009 and 2014. Amongst these three surveys, the 2014 one is the most comprehensive, providing an analysis of all States and Regions within Myanmar through not only questionnaires and physical measur... more

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The changing patterns of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016

India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative CVD Collaborators (2018) CC

Lancet Glob Health 2018 Published Online September 12, 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30407-8

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Asthma in South African adolescents: a time trend and risk factor analysis over two decades

Baard, C.B.; Franckling-Smith, Z.; Munro, J. et al. ERJ Open Research (2021) CC

The article "Asthma in South African adolescents: a time trend and risk factor analysis over two decades" investigates the prevalence and risk factors for asthma in Cape Town adolescents from 2002 to 2017. The study finds that while the overall prevalence of asthma remained similar, the severity of ... more

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Preventable Epilepsy: Taenia Solium Infection Burdens Economies, Societies and Individuals

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO

Burden of T. solium: Neurocysticercosis is a disease induced by T. solium larvae penetrating human tissues, especially the nervous system. Neurocysticercosis burdens economies, societies and individuals because of the impact of epilepsy on wages, health costs and social stigmatization of sufferers. ... more

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The Future of Humanitarian Security in Fragile Contexts - An analysis of transformational factors affecting humanitarian action in the coming decade

Armstrong, J.; European Interagency Security Forum (EISF) (2014) C2

The transformation of the humanitarian landscape has already made a significant impact on the operational security of INGOs and other humanitarian actors. This report serves to inform strategic policy priorities and approaches to security planning and coordination, and addresses three main questions... more

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Guidance for the prevention of COVID-19 infections among high-risk individuals in camps and camp-like settings

Caroline Favas London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (2020) C2

This document provides guidance on the implementation of the shielding approach in camps and camp-like settings for refugees and internally displaced persons. It is intended for the displaced community itself, humanitarian actors and camp coordination / management authorit... more

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Focused psychosocial interventions for children in low-resource humanitarian settings: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Purgato, M., Gross, A.L., Betancourt, T., et al Lancet Glob Health (2018) CC

Results from studies evaluating the effectiveness of focused psychosocial support interventions in children exposed to traumatic events in humanitarian settings in low-income and middle-income countries have been inconsistent, showing varying results by setting and subgroup (eg, age or gender). We a... more

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Guidance for the prevention of COVID-19 infections among high-risk individuals in urban settings

Caroline Favas London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (2020) C2

This document provides guidance on the implementation of the shielding approach in urban areas in LICs and crisis-affected regions. It is intended for the community itself, national and local governance institutions, and humanitarian and development actors operating in the country.

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Forecast analysis of any opportunistic infection among HIV positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda

Rubaihayo, J., N.M. Tumwesigye, J. Konde-Lule, et al. BMC Public Health (2016) CC

BMC Public Health (2016) 16:766 DOI 10.1186/s12889-016-3455-5

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WHO Guideline on use of ferritin concentrations to assess iron status in individuals and populations

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

This guideline provides global, evidence-informed recommendations on the use of indicators for assessing a population’s iron status and application of the use of ferritin concentrations for monitoring and evaluating iron interventions.

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IACAPAP Textbook of Child and Adolescent Mental Health - Section B Perinatal and early childhood risk and protective factors & disorders

S.Mares; L. Newman S. MK Tan; N. K. Nor; L. S. Fong; et al. IACAPAP (2012) C2

Infant Psychiatry Chapter B.1 Early Maltreatment and exposure to violence

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Closing the gaps to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in South Africa: Understanding MTCT case rates, factors that hinder the monitoring and attainment of targets, and potential gam

A. Goga; W. Chirinda; N. K. Ngandu; et al. SAMJ Research (2018) CC

March 2018, Vol. 108, (3 Suppl 1)

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First Antiretroviral Therapy Changes in People Living with HIV in Senegal: Incidence, Causes and Predictive Factors

Diouf A., T. J. Youbong, F. L. Dieye et. al. Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research (2017) C2

In resource-limited countries, the number of available antiretroviral (ARV) drugs is relatively limited. Hence, caregivers face some caution and constraints in the changes of ARV treatment (ART) in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Our objective was to calculate the incidence, to describe the main cau... more

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Tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in the German ClinSurv HIV Cohort: long-term incidence and risk factors

B. Karo; W. Haas; C. Kollan; et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2014) CC

Research Article Karo et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2014, 14:148 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/14/148

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Cardiovascular disease risk profile and management practices in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level survey data

Peiris, D.; Ghosh, A.; Manne-Goehler, J. et al. PLoS Medicine (2021) CC

Global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden is high and rising, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Focussing on 45 LMICs, we aimed to determine (1) the adult population’s median 10-year predicted CVD risk, including its variation within countries by socio-demographic char... more

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Assessing the Impact of Nepal’s 2015 Earthquake on Older People and Persons with Disabilities and How Gender and Ethnicity Factor into That Impact

HelpAge International, CBM International and NDRC Nepal (2016)

STUDY REPORT | This study of the impact of the Nepal earthquake of 25 April, 2015, aims to understand the impact factors leading to the exclusion of older people and persons with disabilities from humanitarian action, barriers to their inclusion, and the extent to which their skills and knowledge we... more

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The Chagas disease study landscape: A systematic review of clinical and observational antiparasitic treatment studies to assess the potential for establishing an individual participant-level data plat

Maguire, B.J.; Dahal, P.; Rashan, S. et al. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2021) CC

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15(8): e0009697. Chagas disease (CD), caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affects ~6–7 million people worldwide. Significant limitations still exist in our understanding of CD. Harnessing individual participant data (IPD) from studies could support more in-depth analyses t... more

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Type 2 diabetes in adults: choosing medicines

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2022) CC2

Factors to take into account when choosing, reviewing and changing medicines. Rescue therapy: For symptomatic hyperglycaemia, consider insulin or a sulfonylurea and review when blood glucose control has been achieved. Diet and lifestyle advice: At each point reinforce advice about diet and life... more

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Special edition: HIV in MSM

I. Steffens; K. Hagmaier; K. Wilson; et al. Eurosurveillance (Europe’s journal on infectious disease epidemiology, prevention and control); European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2015) C2

Eurosurveillance Impact Factor 5.7 June 2015 www.eurosurveillance.org Featuring a series of articles on HIV and STI epidemiology, prevention and control among MSM in Europe