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OCHA Policy Brief on Gendered Drivers, Risks and Impacts of Food Insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2023) CC

It is widely understood that the food insecurity crisis in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is one of the world’s fastest growing and most neglected crises. It lacks sufficient global focus, resources and urgency. As in so many crises, women and girls are disproportionately affected and shoulder t...he consequences of protracted neglect, with unconscionable impacts on their safety, life chances and agency. Gaining a holistic view of the gendered drivers, risks and impacts of food insecurity in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is difficult. This is due to a lack of data and prioritization, and the large geographical and socioeconomic terrain covered by both regions. However, what we do know about this crisis is more than enough to urgently address the needs of women and girls. An OCHA discussion paper on this topic (which will be published imminently, and from which this policy brief is drawn) found that there is: A strong risk of profound regression in gender equality gains made to date in the countries of concern, including on education, sexual and reproductive health, and the economic independence of women and girls (with knock-on effects on broader humanitarian and development outcomes). An increasing challenge to reverse what must be recognized as a protracted and growing gender-based violence (GBV) emergency in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa. The food insecurity crisis in the Sahel and the Horn of Africa is protracted, multidimensional and highly gendered, with spiralling impacts on gender equality and food security outcomes. It is driven by interwoven and overlapping factors, including climate change, political instability, conflict, socioeconomic conditions, migration and displacement and, more recently, COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine. Interlinked with these factors are gendered structural drivers of food insecurity, including deeply entrenched gender inequalities and harmful social norms. Gendered risks and impacts of food insecurity include alarming limitations on access to education, sexual and reproductive health rights, women’s agency and participation, and dramatic increases in different existing forms of GBV and the emergence of new ones. Recognition of such gendered dimensions of food insecurity and of the need for a multisectoral approach in the response is key to addressing the crisis, along-side sustained commitment and adequate allocation of resources. This policy brief draws out key findings from the OCHA discussion paper on this topic, which includes a desk review of studies, assessments and reports, and interviews with local women’s organizations on the front lines of the food insecurity crisis in communities across both regions. Below are the most pressing gendered drivers, risks and impacts of food insecurity (not in order of priority), as well as key gaps in the current humanitarian response to food insecurity, and recommendations to take forward. more

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Market and technology landscape HIV rapid diagnostic tests for self-testing - 4th Edition

O. Ajose; C. Pérez Casas; H. Ingold; et al. Unitaid (Innovation in Global Health); World Health Organization (WHO) (2018) C2

July 2018

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Risk Communication and Community Engagement Guidance for Physical and Social Distancing

World Health Organisation (2020) C_WHO

Physical and social distancing measures are associated with limiting contact between people during disease outbreaks. These measures when applied are often enhanced by lockdowns or shutdowns as part of broader risk communication and community engagement strategies to halt the transmission of disease... more

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Optimizing community health worker programmes for HIV services: a guide for health policy and system support.

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

This document synthesizes key elements of the World Health Organization (WHO) normative guidance on health policy and system support for community health worker (CHW) programmes and their application for HIV programmes. Building on relevant elements of HIV guidelines, tools and evidence identified b... more

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Novel point-of-care tools for early infant diagnosis of HIV

World Health Organization (2017) C_WHO

HIV Diagnostics Information Note WHO/HIV/2017.16

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Maximizing impact through advocacy - Unit 14

Partners In Health (2011) C2

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Reconsidering Primary Prevention of HIV: New Steps Forward in the Global Response

Ayala, George; Chang, Judy et al. Global Forum on MSM & HIV (2017) C1

The uneven distribution of HIV risks and burdens across populations is a well-substantiated fact, though seldom publicly acknowledged. Gay men and other men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, sex workers, and transgender women are 24, 24, 13.5, and 49 times more likely to acquire HIV, ... more

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Prévention et traitement de l'infection à VIH et des autres infections sexuellement transmissibles chez les hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec d'autres hommes et chez les personnes transgenres

Organisation mondiale de la Santé (World Health Organization); UNAIDS; UNDP; et al. (2011) C_WHO

Recommandations pour une approche de santé publique Programme VIH/SIDA

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Реализация комплексных программ по профилактике ВИЧ/ИППП среди секс-работников: ПРактИЧескИе Подходы на осноВе соВместных меРоПРИятИй

Всемирная организация здравоохранения (World Health Organization); UNFPA; UNAIDS; et al. (2015) C_WHO

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Nothing About Us Without RIGHTS—Meaningful Engagement of Children and Youth: From Research Prioritization to Clinical Trials, Implementation Science, and Policy

C. Oliveras; L. Cluver; S. Bernays; A. Armstrong JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes; PubMed (2018) C2

Supplement Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Volume 78, Supplement 1, August 15, 2018 www.jaids.com

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Лечение лекарственно-устойчивого туберкулеза. Что для этого нужно?

Беверли Коллин, Филипп дю Крос, Натан Форд, Джо Хатчинсон, Наташа Льюэр, Лесли Шэнкс, Франсис Варэн Medecins Sans Frontiers (2011) C2

Брошюра состоит из двух частей. В первой приводятся практические примеры, иллюстрирующие все составляющие ухода за пациентами, во второй части представлены данны�... more

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Differentiated care for HIV: A decision Framework for antiretroviral therapy delivery

Differentiated service delivery (2019) C2

It's time to deliver differently. Accessed: 13.11.2019

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HIV self-testing strategic framework - A guide for planning, introducing and scaling up

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2018) C_WHO

October 2018 HIV testing services

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HIV and young men who have sex with men

World Health Organization; UNFPA; UNAIDS; etc al. (2015) C_WHO

Technical Brief Damon Barrett, Gonçalo Figueiredo Augusto, Martiani Oktavia, Jeanette Olsson, Mira Schneiders and Kate Welch provided background papers and literature reviews which informed this technical series.