Gerald Keusch, Keith McAdam, Patricia Cuff, Michelle Mancher, and Emily R. Busta
1
German Bishops' Conference Research Group on International Church Affairs
1
Germany’s National Public Health Institute (RKI), et al.
1
GHAIN Global HIV
1
Ghana Health Service (GHS)
1
Ghana Prisons
1
Ghana, Ministry of Health
1
Gibson, A.
1
GIZ
1
GiZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
1
Global Fund, World Bank Group, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance et al.
1
Global Handwashing Partnership
1
Global Health Institute, University of California
1
Global Polio Eradication Initiative GPEI
1
Global Preparedness Monitoring Board
1
Global Task Force on Cholera
1
Globalization and Health
1
Goal
1
GOARN Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) Coordination Working Group, et al.
1
Goverment of the Netherlands
1
Government of Ethiopia
1
Government of Lesotho, World Health Organization (WHO) & United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Department of Health Services
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Department of Health Services, National Centre for AIDS and STD Control
1
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Family Health Division
1
Government of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population, National Centre for AIDS and STD Control
1
Government of Philippines
1
Government of Sierra Leone
1
Government of Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Health Education Division
1
Government of Tanzania
1
Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh DGHS Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
1
Government of the Republic of Zambia
1
Government of the Syrian Arab Republic, UN Development Programme
1
Government of Timor-Leste
1
Government of Uganda
1
Greenhalgh, T.
1
Group URD
1
Gupta, A.
1
Guzman-Vilca, W. C.
1
H. Bailey et al.
1
H. Bergmann
1
H. Drobna, C. Mallouris
1
H. Garrison-Desany
1
H. H. Nguyen
1
H. Hafizi
1
H. Ingold
1
H. Sakamoto
1
H.L. Nguyen
1
Haitham Shoman, Emilie Karafillakis and Salman Rawaf
1
Haldane, V., De Foo, C., Abdalla, S.M. et al.
1
Handicap International
1
Health and Education Advice and Resource Team
1
Health Cluster
1
Health Communication Capacity Collaborative, et al.
1
Health Poverty Action
1
HEART (Health & Education Advice and Resource Team
1
Heliyon
1
HelpAge
1
Henao-Restrepo, A.M.
1
Henry Perry
1
Hernández Serrano, P.
1
HIV Economics Reference Group
1
HIV Self-Testing Africa Initiative
1
Hoffmann, C.
1
Humanitarian Reponse Team
1
IASC, Global Nutrition Cluster, UNICEF
1
IAWG on Reproductive Health in Crises, IPPF, JSI, et al.
1
IBIS
1
ICAP
1
ICF Macro, USA
1
ICRC
1
Idika, IK.
1
Idro R, Musubire K A, Byamah Mutamba B
1
IDS
1
IFRC
1
IGAT Hope INC.
1
ILO
1
iMedPub Journals
1
Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
1
Independent Review Team
1
Indian Council of Medical Research
1
Indian Council of Medical Research - Department of Health Research
1
Inés Garcia Baena, Andrew Siroka, Amy Collins et al.
1
Infections & Morbidities
1
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
1
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME)
1
Institute for research in international assistance
1
Institute for Security Studies ISS
1
Inter Sector Coordination Group (ISCG)
1
Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC
1
Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC, et al.
1
Inter-Agency Task Team to Adress HIV in Humanitarian Emergencies
1
Internation Federation of Red Cross
1
International AIDS Society (IAS)
1
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), World Health Organization (WHO)
1
International Medical Corps
1
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
1
International Organization for Migration, Inter Sector Coordination Group
1
International Research Institute for Climate and Society, World Health Organization
1
International Society for infectious Diseases
1
IOM
1
ISDR
1
J. Amon
1
J. Ananworanich
1
J. Begovac
1
J. Begovacc
1
J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
J. Bushati
1
J. Kaner and S.Schaack
1
J. Langer and J. Slawomirski
1
J. Lindeman
1
J. M. Humphrey
1
J. Wasserheit, H. Schünemann, et cl.
1
J.-I. Cakalo
1
J.-W. De Neve
1
J.E. Suk, D. Fischer et al.
1
J.G. Shaffer
1
J.Lundgren
1
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
1
Jean-Pierre Coulaud, George Schmid, ИгорьТоскин et al.
1
John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
1
John Hopkins Bloomberg University
1
John Hopkins University
1
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
1
Joint HIV, TB and PMTCT Review Steering committee
1
Journal of Infection and Public Health
1
Journal of the International AIDS Society
1
K. Church
1
K. Ciceri
1
K. G. Andrews
1
K. Mason
1
K.L.Ebi
1
Kamps, B.S.
1
Kang Yiu Lai, Wing Yiu George Ng and Fan Fanny Cheng
1
Kanu, H.
1
Karin Hatzold
1
Katrin Leitmeyer
1
Kelley, Edward T.
1
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
1
Kendall, Tamil
1
Kenya Medical Research Institute
1
Kenya Ministry of Health
1
Kenya MInistry of Health, Community Development, Elderly and Children
1
Kenya Ministry of Health, National AIDS and STI Control Program
1
Keymanthri Moodley, Kate Hardie, Michael J Selgelid, et al.
1
Khaltaev, N.
1
Khan, J.
1
Kieny, Marie-Paule
1
Kim, Sun Mean
1
Klazinga, Niek
1
Kunda J., Gosling S., Foody G. et al.
1
Kurowski, C.
1
L. G. Johnston
1
L. L. Abuogi
1
L. Mofenson
1
Lamunu M, Lutwama J.J, Kamugisha J
1
LaRocque, R.
1
Latvian Centre for Human Rights
1
Leatherman, Sheila
1
Lee, V.
1
LemonAid Fund
1
Leon-Velarde, F.
1
Lesotho National AIDS Commission, Government of Lesotho
1
Lok Swasthya SEWA Trust and World Health Organization WHO India
1
Loulou Kobeissi
1
LSHTM
1
Luwabelwa, M.
1
M. Bray, M.S.Hirsch, D.Mitty, et al.
1
M. Cabra
1
M. Dara
1
M. Dara, C. D. Acosta, M. V. S. Vinklers Melchers, et al.
1
M. Giles
1
M. Gjergji
1
M. Gogia
1
M. Hoekstra
1
M. J. van der Werfa
1
M. K. Sugai et al.
1
M. Kasianczuk
1
M. Kontio
1
M. Mansfeld
1
M. Ndinakie Yakum, A. Pascal Goura
1
M. Ristola
1
M. Smelyanskaya, C. Daniels, et al.
1
M. Smelyanskaya, J. Duncan (The Focus Group Consulting)
1
M. Sologashvili
1
M. Sundararaj
1
M.J. Choi
1
M.Johnson
1
M.Revishvili
1
Machalaba
1
Machalaba, C.
1
Malaria Consortium
1
Malawi Ministry of Health
1
Manju Vatsa, Duangvadee Sungkhobol, Sudarshan Kumari, et al.
1
Manolito L. Chua, Marissa M. Alejandria
1
Marcel R. Dubouloz
1
Markbreiter, J.
1
Martini M, M. Abdiker
1
Mary-Anne Hartley, Alyssa Young, Anh-Minh Tran et al.
1
Matsushita, K.
1
McGloin, J.
1
McGuin, Rachael
1
MEDAIR
1
Mediscript Ltd
1
Melissa Leach
1
Médecins Sans Frontière
1
Médecins Sans Frontières MFS
1
Médecins sans Frontières MSF
1
mHealth Kenya
1
Michael T. Osterholma, Kristine A. Moorea, Nicholas S. Kelley et al.
1
Ministere de la Santé Publique
1
Ministerio de Salud Bolivia
1
Ministère de la Santé, DR Congo
1
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries
1
Ministry of Disaster Management Affairs and Public Events
1
Ministry of Health & Child Welfare
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare India
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Nirman Bhawan New Delhi
1
Ministry of Health and Medical Education Iran
1
Ministry of Health and Population in Haiti
1
Ministry of Health and Population Nepal
1
Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Sierra Leone
1
Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS), Namibia
1
Ministry of Health and Social Services (MOHSS), UNAIDS
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Liberia
1
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Republic of Liberia
1
Ministry of Health and Wellness
1
Ministry of Health Ghana
1
Ministry of Health Malawi
1
Ministry of Health Nepal
1
Ministry of Health Republic South Sudan
1
Ministry of Health Uganda
1
Ministry of Health Uganda, Control of Diarrheal Diseases
1
Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children
1
Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Government of Tanzania
1
Ministry of Health, Democratic Republic of Congo
1
Ministry of Health, Demographic Republic of the Congo
1
Ministry of Health, Gaborone, Botswana
1
Ministry of Health, Ghana, Ghana AIDS Commission
1
Ministry of Health, Ghana, World Health Organizaiotn (WHO) and Ghana Health Service
1
Ministry of Health, Liberia, World Health Organization (WHO), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
1
Ministry of Health, Malawi
1
Ministry of Health, Pakistan
1
Ministry of Health, Republic of Botswana
1
Ministry of Health, Tanzania
1
Ministry of Heatlh and Social Welfare, Tanzania
1
Minja, N.W.
1
Moriana, S.
1
MSF Access Campaign
1
MSF Médecins sans Frontières
1
Mukhtar A Adeiza, Abdullah A Abba, Juliana U Okpapi
1
Mumbo, AA.
1
Muntean Al., Popa M.
1
MW Sonderup, Y Pillay et al.
1
Myanmar Red Cross Society
1
Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sports
1
N. Amanzholov
1
NACO
1
NADMO Ghana
1
Najmeh Modarres
1
Nakagaayi, D.
1
Nang Lao Liang Won (Researcher)
1
Nat Commun 13, 2788 (2022)
1
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
1
National Academy of Sciences of the USA
1
National Agency for Control of AIDS (NACA)
1
National AIDS Commission, Ministry of People's Welfare Republic of Indonesia
1
National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India
1
National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
1
National Association of People With HIV Australia
1
National Center for HIV
1
National Centre for AIDS and STD Control
1
National Centre for Disease Control
1
National Department of Health, South Africa
1
National Epidemiology Center Department of Health Philippines
1
National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council
1
National HIVAIDS Council Zambia
1
National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Nairobi, Kenya, and ICF International
1
National Malaria Elimination Centre, Ministry of Health, Zambia
1
National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
1
National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, India
1
Nature Scientific Reports
1
NDP 2030
1
Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
1
Nejad, Sepideh Bagheri
1
Nepal Public Health Foundation
1
Nieto-Sanchez C., Hatley DM, Gijalva MJ., et al.
1
Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria
1
Noel G. Macalalad, Ma. Cecilia G. Ama, Arthur B. Lagos et al.
1
Nomura, S.
1
nternational Labour Organization
1
Nunziata, K. R.
1
Nwokike J., Ludeman E., Thumm M.
1
Nyamsore, J
1
OAS
1
Obiezue, RN.
1
Observatory of the Penal System and Human Rights (University of Barcelona)
1
Okoye, CI.
1
Olivia Tiberi
1
OMS
1
Organisation Mondiale de la Sant&
1
Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), Niger
1
Oritz, G.
1
Ovid
1
Oxfam
1
Oxfam International, et al.
1
Ozioko ,KU.
1
P. Booth
1
P. Drain, and T. Hall
1
P. Pipero
1
P. Zucs
1
Pact (Building Capacity Worldwide)
1
Pact Inc. and International Center for Research on Women (ICRW)
1
PAHO
1
Palale M.
1
Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO)
1
Pan American Health Organization PAHO
1
PATH
1
Paul Roddy, Natasha Howard, Maria D. Van Kerkhove, et al.
1
Pedrozo e Silva de Azevedo, C.
1
PeerJ Preprints
1
Perez Calderon, Luis Jorge
1
PGP, UNICEF, Yale Institute for Global Health
1
Pierre Perrin
1
PLOS Neclected Tropical Diseases
1
PLOS journals
1
PMC
1
PMC (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health)
1
PMC (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health)
1
PMC - US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
1
Polio Global Eradication Intiative
1
Popa G.
1
Prevent Project
1
Prof. Dr. A. K. Azad
1
Prof. Dr. S. Tahamina
1
Prof. Q. T. Islam
1
Program for Appropriate Technology in Health PATH
1
Psychosocial Centre
1
Q.M. Trinh
1
R Loewenson
1
R. Elovich
1
R. Zahn
1
R.M.
1
Rachel Silverman
1
Rajan, S.
1
RCCE technical working group
1
Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre
1
Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET)
1
Regional Office Africa
1
Regional Office for Africa, Government of Mauritius
1
Regional Office for Europe
1
Reliefweb
1
Reliefweb OCHA
1
Reliefweb OCHA Services
1
Repoductive Health Journal
1
Republic of Libria, National AIDS Commission (NAC)
1
Republic of Rwanda & Commission Nationale de lutte contre le SIDA (CNLS)
1
Republic of South Sudan
1
Republic of Uganda, Ministry of Health
1
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory
1
République de Cameroun
1
République Démocratique du Congo, Ministère de la Santé
1
Ricardo Heinzelmann, Rogerio Luz Coelho Neto et al.
1
Robert Koch Institut RKI
1
Rockville, Maryland, USA: ICF International
1
Rodrigues R., S. Ilinca, K. Schulmann
1
Romanello M., McGushin A., et al.
1
Rose Zulliger
1
Routledge
1
Rugigana, Etienne, Francine Birungi, and Manassé Nzayirambaho
1
Rumunu, J. et al.
1
Ruth Newman, Richard Hansen, John Quigley and Don Schramm
1
Rwanda Biomedical Center
1
S. Aleyan
1
S. Basu
1
S. F. Jakobsen
1
S. Galwankar
1
S. Gogochashvili
1
S. Ibisevic
1
S. Jain
1
S. Laver
1
S. Meek, M. Rowland, and M. Connolly
1
S. Orbelyan
1
S. Stash
1
S. Uysal
1
S.B. Calderwood and A.Bloom
1
S.Kinloch-de Loës, et al.
1
SAARC Tuberculosis and HIV
1
Sachs, J., Karim, S., Aknin, L. et al.
1
Saimiento, Juan Pablo et al.
1
Santesso, N.
1
Santos, D.
1
Santos-D'Amorim K, Fernandes de Oliveira Mirand MK
1
Scarpetta, Stefano
1
Schieffelin, JS.
1
Sebit, W.
1
Sekamatte, M.
1
Sekou W. Konneh
1
Seung Hee Lee-Kwan, et al.
1
Sharon Alane Abramowitz, et al.
1
Shears, Paul, T.J.D. O'Dempsey
1
SIAPS
1
Silvia Dallatomasina, et al.
1
Siriam, A.
1
SLADEA (Sierra Leone Adult Education Association), et al.
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action
1
Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade
1
Soka, M.J.
1
Solidarités International
1
South African Government
1
South African National AIDS Council
1
South African National AIDS council (our Action count)
1
South African National AIDS Council, et al.
1
Souza Salles, T.
1
Spearman, CWN
1
Sphere
1
Springer Science+Business Media
1
Standleya C. J., Carlinb E. P., Sorrella E. M. et al.
1
Staples JE, Dziuban EJ, Fischer M, et al
1
STEPS Centre, Institute of Development Studies
1
Steve Aldrich, et al.
1
Stop TB Partnership, World Health Organization
1
Syed, Shamsuzzoha
1
T. da Encarnação Sá-Guimarães, E. Seam Lima de Alvarenga et al.
1
T. Jones and J. Bedford
1
T. Lievens
1
T. Noori
1
T. Rhodes
1
T. T.T. Dinh
1
Tambo, Ernest
1
TDR
1
Teichert U., P. Tinnemann
1
Teklemariam M., Assefa A., Kassa M., et al.
1
The Alliance for children protection in humanitarian action
1
The DHS Program
1
The Georg Institute for Global Health India
1
The Global Fund To fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
1
The Government of Malawi
1
The John Hopkins University
1
The Johns Hopkins and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
1
The Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Healt
1
The Journal of Global Health
1
The Kenya Mentor Mother Program
1
The Lancet Commissions
1
The Lancet Regional Health - Americas
1
The MEDBOX Team
1
The National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme, Zambia
1
The Polio Global Eradication Initiative
1
The Public Good Projects
1
The Republic of Malawi
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sports, Department of Health
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Health, Department of Health, Child Health Division
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement (MSWRR), Ministry of Health
1
Thomson, M.C.
1
Tjaden, N.B.
1
Towards a Safer World
1
Translation without Borders
1
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
1
U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief
1
Uganda AIDS Commission
1
Uganda Aids Commission, Republic of Uganda
1
UN Development Programme, UN Mission for Ebola Emergency Response
1
UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees
1
UN Industrial Development Organization
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Government of Madagascar, UN Country Team in Madagascar
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Regional Interagency Standing Committee, Southern Africa
1
UN UN Environment Programme UNEP
1
UNAIDS | GAMET
1
UNCT Zambia
1
UNESCO
1
UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund)
1
UNHR
1
Unicef (Eastern and Southern Africa Office)
1
UNICEF and UNFPA
1
UNIECF
1
UNITAID
1
Unitaid (Innovation in Global Health)
1
UNITAID Secretariat, World Health Organization
1
United National Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
1
United Nations
1
United Nations Enviroment Programme
1
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
1
United Nations in Moldova
1
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (Regional Office for Central Asia)
1
United Nations Population Fund
1
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Zambia
1
UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)
1
UpToDate
1
US Embassy Freetown
1
USAID (From the American People)
1
USAID (U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief)
1
USAID, SIAPS
1
V. Andreeva
1
V. Krishnasamy, L.Bulage et al.
1
V. Martsynovska
1
V. Parikh
1
V. Tucci
1
V.N. Nguyen
1
Veeri, B. et al.
1
Veillard, Jeremy Henri Maurice
1
Velho Barreto de Araújo, T.
1
Veronese, Vanessa et al.
1
Ville de Goyet, Claude de
1
Vitillo, B.
1
Waldman, L.
1
Wamai, R.
1
Wellcome Trust
1
WHO Regional Office for Europe (WHO
1
WHO Regional Office for Africa
1
WHO Western Pacific, Manila, and WHO South-East Asia, New Delhi
1
WHO, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, South African Medical Research Council
1
WHO, THE END TB STRATEGY
1
WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division
1
Wiedenmayer, K. et al.
1
Wieland B., Flintan F., et al.
1
Wirtz, Andrea L.
1
Wisner, B
1
Wolrd Health Organization
1
Wolters Kluwer Health
1
Wonder Goredema Jane Briggs Mupela Ntengu, et al.
1
Woodhead M., F. Blasi, S. Ewig, et al.
1
Word Health Organization
1
Word Health Organization WHO
1
World Animal Health Organization (OIE)
1
World Bank et al.
1
World Bank Group
1
World Bank, et al.
1
World Diabetes Foundation
1
World Food Programme
1
World Health Organisation WHO
1
World Health Organisation, International Labour Organization
1
World Health Organization WHO
1
World Health Organization ( WHO), Regional Office for Africa
1
World Health Organization (Bangladesh)
1
World Health Organization (Regional Office for South-East-Asia)
1
World Health Organization (Western Pacific Region)
1
World Health Organization (WHO) - Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Country Office for Myanmar
1
World Health Organization (WHO), International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP)
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Kenya Country Office
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Ministry of Health, DR Congo
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Myanmar, Ministry of Health
1
World Health Organization (WHO), National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research (ICBDSR)
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and The World Bank
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization - Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean
1
World Health Organization et al.
1
World Health Organization Europe
1
World Health Organization Regional
1
World Health Organization WHO, et al.
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office African Region
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office for Eastern Mediterranean Region
1
World Health Organization WHO, Stop TB
1
World Health Organization WHO, Unicef
1
World Health Organization, Ethopian country office
1
World Health Organization, Europe
1
World Health Organization, ISDR, EU
1
World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office Africa
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Americas
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization, Western Pacific Office
1
World Heart Federation
1
World Organisation for Animal Health
1
Xiaoxu Wu, Yongmei Lu, Sen Zhou et al.
1
Y .V. Kruglov
1
Yale, G.
1
Ziaggi, G.
1
Zimbabwe, Ministry of Health and Child Care
1
Васильева Ирина Анатольевна, Самойлова Анастасия Геннадьевна, Эргешов Атаджан Эргешович et al.
1
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ)
1
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (Европа)
1
Г-жа M. Mansfeld
1
Г-н Z. T. Gavry
1
Д-р M. Dara
1
Дженнифер Батлер
1
Джорджа Айалы
1
федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза российской академии медицинских наук, Американский международный союз здравоохранения
1
Фонд Организации Объединенных Наций в области народонаселения
1
ЮНЭЙДС
1
世界卫生组织
1
Interagency Coordination Group on Antimicrobial Resistance IAGG
This paper presents lessons learned from previous flood responses in developing countries, based on a structured review of the literature. It is intended for people working in relief and recovery operations who have to decide if, when and how to intervene after a flood.
In 2017, $37.4 billion of development assistance was provided to low- and middleincome countries to maintain or improve health. This amount is down slightly compared to 2016, and since 2010, development assistance for health (DAH) has grown at an annualized rate of 1.0%. While global development ass...istance for health has seemingly leveled off, global health spending continues to climb, outpacing economic growth in many countries. Total health spending for 2015, the most recent year for which data are available, was estimated to be $9.7 trillion (95% uncertainty interval: 9.7–9.8)*, up 4.7% (3.9–5.6) from the prior year, and accounted for 10% of the world’s total economy. With some sources of health spending growing and other types remaining steady, and with major variations in spending from country to country, it is more important than ever to understand where resources for health come from, where they go, and how they align with health needs. This information is critical for planning and is a necessary catalyst for change as we aim to close the gap on the unfinished agenda of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and move forward toward universal health coverage (UHC) in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) era.more
The WHO guidelines provide recommended steps for safe phlebotomy and reiterate accepted principles for drawing, collecting blood and transporting blood to laboratories/blood banks.
This manual describes methods for investigating clusters or outbreaks that may be of chemical origin and describes the importance of a structured, coordinated, collaborative multidisciplinary, multi-agency approach at local, regional, national and international levels.
The objectives of these WHO guidelines are to provide updated evidence- based recommendations for the treatment of persons with hepatitis C infection using, where possible, all DAA-only combinations. The guidelines also provide recommendations on the preferred regimens based on a patient’s HCV gen...otype and clinical history, and assess the appropriateness of continued use of certain medicines. This document also includes existing recommendations on screening for HCV infection and care of persons infected with HCV that were first issued in 2014more
The Pharmaceutical Forum of the Americas (PFA) has previously published guidelines and organised campaigns for community pharmacists on the prevention, detection and control of arbovirus infections in 2018 with a grant from the FIP Foundation for Pharmacy Education and Research. Building on that exp...ertise, FIP joined efforts with the PFA and is now publishing its first-ever handbook to support pharmacists in the
area of vector-borne diseases. As the integration of the regional forums in FIP advances, such collaborative projects are tangible results of an increasingly regionally informed and regionally targeted work by FIP.more
Will COVID-19 vaccines be safe? Will all the COVID-19 candidate vaccines be successful? What are the different phases a vaccine must go through to be approved? This document provides responses to the most frequently asked questions about candidate vaccines and access to COVID-19 vaccination.
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) has been an alarming global public health issue. The disease affects mainly poor and marginalized people in low-resource settings and is caused by two subspecies of haemoflagellate parasite, Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by tsetse flies. Progress made in HAT ...control during the past decade has prompted increasing global dialogue on its elimination and eradication. The disease is targeted by the World Health Organization (WHO) for elimination as a public health problem by 2020 and to terminate its transmission globally by 2030, along-side other Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD). Several methods have been used to control tsetse flies and the disease transmitted by them. Old and new tools to control the disease are available with constraints.
Currently, there are no vaccines available. Efforts towards intervention to control the disease over the past decade have seen considerable progress and remarkable success with incidence dropping progressively, reversing the upward trend of reported cases. This gives credence in a real progress in its elimination. This study reviews various control measures, progress and a highlight of control issues, vector and parasite barriers that may have been hindering progress towards its elimination.more
These guidelines provide new and updated recommendations on the use of point-of-care testing in children under 18 months of age and point-of-care tests to monitor treatment in people living with HIV; the treatment monitoring algorithm; and timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living w...ith HIV who are being treated for tuberculosis.
New recommendations launched today outline key new actions that countries can take to improve the delivery of HIV testing, treatment and care services by providing greater options for differentiated approaches such as, supporting HIV treatment start in the community, ensuring that children are diagnosed and treated early, and that viral load treatment monitoring is more accessible, focused and triggers clinical actionmore
This document provides an overview of sexual and reproductive health and rights issues that may be important for the human rights, health and well-being of adolescents (aged 10–19 years) and the relevant World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on how to address them in an easilyaccessible, user...-friendly format. The document serves as a gateway to the rich body of WHO guidelines, and as a handy resource to inform advocacy, policy and programme/project design and research. It aims to support the implementation of the Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health 2016–2030 (1), and is aligned with the WHO Global Accelerated Action for the Health of Adolescents (AA-HA!) as well as the WHO Operational Framework on Sexual Health and Its Linkages to Reproductive Health (2,3).more
Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the global leading causes of concern due to the rising prevalence and consequence of mortality and disability with a heavy economic burden. The objective of the current study was to analyze the trend in CVD incidence, mortality, and mortality-to-...incidence ratio (MIR) across the world over 28 years.
Methods
The age-standardized CVD mortality and incidence rates were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2017 for both genders and different world super regions with available data every year during the period 1990–2017. Additionally, the Human Development Index was sourced from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) database for all countries at the same time interval. The marginal modeling approach was implemented to evaluate the mean trend of CVD incidence, mortality, and MIR for 195 countries and separately for developing and developed countries and also clarify the relationship between the indices and Human Development Index (HDI) from 1990 to 2017.
Results
The obtained estimates identified that the global mean trend of CVD incidence had an ascending trend until 1996 followed by a descending trend after this year. Nearly all of the countries experienced a significant declining mortality trend from 1990 to 2017. Likewise, the global mean MIR rate had a significant trivial decrement trend with a gentle slope of 0.004 over the time interval. As such, the reduction in incidence and mortality rates for developed countries was significantly faster than developing counterparts in the period 1990–2017 (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the developing nations had a more rather shallow decrease in MIR compared to developed ones.
Conclusions
Generally, the findings of this study revealed that there was an overall downward trend in CVD incidence and mortality rates, while the survival rate of CVD patients was rather stable. These results send a satisfactory message that global effort for controlling the CVD burden was quite successful. Nonetheless, there is an urgent need for more efforts to improve the survival rate of patients and lower the burden of this disease in some areas with an increasing trend of either incidence or mortality.more