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NATIONAL ETHICAL GUIDELINES FOR BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMAN PARTICIPANTS

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (2017) C1

These guidelines are applicable to all biomedical, social and behavioural science research for health conducted in India involving human participants, their biological material and data. The purpose of such research should be: i. directed towards enhancing knowledge about the human condition while ... more

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Training of community health workers: Cervical cancer screening and management of cervical pre-cancers

Lakhbir Dhaliwal, Vanita Suri, Reshmi Bagga et al. World Health Organisation (WHO) (2017) C_WHO

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and causes a significant number of deaths in the South-East Asia Region. Nearly 200 000 new cases of cervical cancer occurred in SEA Region Member States in 2008, giving an incidence of almost 25 per 100... more

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World Drug Report 2022 Booklet 2 Global Overview of Drug Demand and Supply

United Nations Office on Drug and Crime UNODC (2022) C1

Constituting the second part of the World Drug Report 2022, the present booklet contains an overview of the global demand for and supply of drugs. The first chapter of the booklet begins with the latest estimates of the number of people who use drugs, the distribution of those users by type of drug... more

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Quality of stroke guidelines in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Yaria, J.; Gil, A.; Makanjuola, A. et al. Bulletin of the World Health Organization (2021) C_WHO

Objective: To identify gaps in national stroke guidelines that could be bridged to enhance the quality of stroke care services in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We systematically searched medical databases and websites of medical societies and contacted international organizations. Co... more

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Cognitive profiles of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and depression in children and adolescents

Barrera-Valenciaa, M., Calderón-Delgado, L., Trejos-Castillo, E. & O’Boyle, M. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology (2017) CC

Several diagnostic criteria of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are remarkably similar to symptoms reported by individuals with depression, particularly as they manifest as cognitive processing deficits in children. Because of this overlap in profile and the high rate of comorbidity of PTSD and... more

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Guidance on COVID-19 for the care of older people and people living in long-term care facilities, other non-acute care facilities and home care

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, this guidance provides information on infection and prevention control (IPC) for older people, their friends and families, carers, and healthcare providers. Anyone who manages, works, volunteers or provides care at any type of facilities where older people recei... more

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Burden of fungal asthma in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Kwizera, R.; Musaazi, J.; Meya, D.B.; et al. PLOS ONE, which is part of the Public Library of Science (PLOS) (2019) CC2

Asthma is one of the neglected diseases in Africa with a high prevalence. Allergic fungal diseases have been reported to complicate asthma progression and treatment outcomes. However, data about fungal asthma and its associated complications are limited in Africa. We aimed to estimate the burden of ... more

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Essential Nutrition Actions and Essential Hygiene Actions: Training Guide – Health Workers and Nutrition Managers

Quinn, V., and A. Guyon (2015) CC

This training guide applies a participatory approach, reflecting the considerable evidence that adults learn best by practicing and reflecting on their experiences. It thus emphasizes exercises to improve skills in counseling that support clients to adopt optimal nutrition practices. Women’s nutri... more

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Antimicrobial resistance in the WHO African region: current status and roadmap for action

Essack S.Y., A.T. Desta, R.E. Abotsi et al. Journal of Public Health (2016) C2

The escalating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pandemic is a global public health threat with extensive health, economic and societal implications. Resistance emerges because of selection pressure from rational and indiscriminate antimicrobial use in human health as well as in the veterinary, agricul... more

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State of inequality: HIV, tuberculosis and malaria.

World Health Organization WHO; Global Fund (2021) C_WHO

The World Health Organization and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria are part of a group of agencies working together to accelerate progress towards the health-related SDGs through the Global Action Plan for Healthy Lives and Well-being for All. Understanding patterns of inequal... more

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Global roadmap for research and development of tuberculosis vaccines

European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership EDCTTP; Amterdam Institute for Global health & Development aighd (2021) C1

The roadmap describes the actions needed to achieve the three development goals for TB vaccines set by the WHO: 1. A safe, effective and affordable TB vaccine for adolescents and adults. 2. An affordable TB vaccine for neonates and infants with improved safety and efficacy. 3. A therapeutic v... more

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Implementation Framework & Clinical Guidance for Viral Hepatitis Prevention & Treatment 2019

Ministry of Health, Zambia (2020) CC

The Zambia Population Based HIV impact assessment of 2016, reported the prevalence of viral hepatitis in Zambia as ranging between 5.6% among adults aged 15 to 59% in the general population, and 7.1% among HIV infected individuals. It is estimated that the majority of persons with chronic hepatitis ... more

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Consolidated guidance on tuberculosis data generation and use: module 3: national tuberculosis prevalence surveys

World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

National tuberculosis (TB) prevalence surveys provide a nationally representative measurement of the burden of TB disease in the population, at a given point in time. Repeat surveys allow assessment of trends and tracking of progress towards national and global targets for reductions in TB disease b... more

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Establishing a national laboratory quality system for HIV diagnosis and monitoring in resource-limited settings: Experience from Senegal

Mbengue M.A.S., Moussa S., Papa A. D. et. al. African Journal of Laboratory Medicine (2016) C2

Senegal has adopted the World Health Organization–Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS recommended 90-90-90 targets.5 The adoption of this strategy means that the country is expected, by 2020, to have 90% of its population living with HIV diagnosed, 90% of all those diagnosed receiving susta... more

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Hospital-based birth defects surveillance: a guide to establish and operate

World Health Organization ( WHO), Regional Oﬃce for South-East-Asia (2016) C_WHO

Birth defect has been an emerging major cause of child mortality in the region. Scarcity of the birth defects information hampers policy decisions and control measures at national level. In order to create evidence for action for birth defects prevention in the region, WHO-SEARO in collaboration wit... more

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Neglected Disease Research and Development: The Higher Cost of Lower Funding

G-Finder (2023) CC

Each year since 2007, G-FINDER has provided policy-makers, donors, researchers and industry with a comprehensive analysis of global investment into research and development of new products to prevent, diagnose, control or cure neglected diseases in low- and middle-income countries, making it the go... more

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Guidance to facilitate monitoring and evaluation for antimicrobial resistance national action plans

Quadripartite: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; UN Environment Programme UNEP; World Health Organization WHO; World Organisation for Animal Health WAHO (2023) CC

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global human, animal, plant and environment health threat that needs to be addressed by every country. The impacts of AMR are wide-ranging in terms of human health, animal health, food security and safety, environmental effects on ecosystems and biodiversity, and ...socioeconomic development. Just like the climate crisis, AMR poses a significant threat to the delivery of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The response to the AMR crisis has been spearheaded through the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (GAP-AMR), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015, in close collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), and formally endorsed by the three organizations’ governing bodies and by the Political Declaration of the high-level meeting of the United Nations General Assembly on AMR in 2016. In 2022, the three organizations officially became the Quadripartite by welcoming the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) into the alliance “to accelerate coordination strategy on human, animal and ecosystem health”. The aim of the GAP-AMR is to ensure the continuity of successful treatment with effective and safe medicines. Its strategic objectives include: • improving the awareness and understanding of AMR; • strengthening the knowledge and evidence base through surveillance and research; • reducing the incidence of infection through effective sanitation, hygiene and infection prevention measures; optimizing the use of antimicrobial medicines in human and animal health; and • developing the economic case for sustainable investment that takes account of the needs of all countries and increasing investment in new medicines, diagnostic tools, vaccines and other interventions. With the adoption of the GAP-AMR, countries agreed to develop national action plans (NAPs) aligned with the GAP-AMR to mainstream AMR interventions nationally. Individually, the Quadripartite took action to advance AMR interventions in their respective sectors. FAO adopted a resolution on AMR recognizing that it poses an increasingly serious threat to public health and sustainable food production, and developed an AMR action plan to support the resolution’s implementation. For its part, WOAH developed a strategy on AMR aligned with the GAP-AMR, acknowledging the importance of a One Health approach to AMR. Similarly, more recently, UNEP’s governing body, the United Nations Environment Assembly, recognized that AMR is a current and increasing threat and a challenge to global health, food security and the sustainable development of all countries, and welcomed the GAP-AMR and the NAPs developed in accordance with its five overarching strategic objectives more

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Patient education: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and children (The Basics)

Wolters Kluwer; UpToDate (2020) C2

This topic last updated: Apr 28, 2020. The content on the UpToDate website is not intended nor recommended as a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your own physician or other qualified health care professional regarding any medical questions or condi... more

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Blueprint for a Public Health and Safety Approach to Drug Policy

Tracy Pugh, Julie Netherland, Ruth Finkelstein The New York Academy of Medicine, Drug Policy Alliance (2013) C2

"Some of the problems with our current drug policies stem from the fact that these policies have been largely bifurcated between two different and often contradictory approaches. One treats drug use as a crime that cannot be tolerated and should be punished; the other views addiction as a chronic re... more

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A JOURNEY TO END NTDs: Elimination and Care

Christoffel-Blindenmission (CBM) (2017)

LEAVING NO-ONE BEHIND | “A Journey to End NTDs – Elimination and Care” records what we have achieved over the last year and where we are now. It presents our plan of action for the coming years, bringing our ‘traditional’ NTD work together with ‘Disease Management Disability and Inclusio... more