Lukito, A.A., A.U. Rahajoe, L.I. Rilantono, et al.,
1
Lukoye Atwoli, David Ayuku, Joseph Hogan, Julius Koech, Rachel Christine Vreeman, Samuel Ayaya, Paula Braitstein
1
Lúcia Rotenberg,1 Aline Silva-Costa,1 and Rosane Härter Griep
1
M. Archary
1
M. Conceição do Rosário
1
M. Dara, C. D. Acosta, M. V. S. Vinklers Melchers, et al.
1
M. Ferrin
1
M. G. Whitfield, H. M. Soeters, R. M. Warren, et al.
1
M. Gallardo, et al.
1
M. J. van der Werfa
1
M. Kontio
1
M. Odhiambo Sewe, A.M Tompkins et al.
1
M. Paz N. Marquez
1
M. R. Sanders
1
M. Schneider
1
M. Schomaker
1
M. Semrau
1
M. Smelyanskaya, J. Duncan (The Focus Group Consulting)
1
M. T. Schneider
1
M. Zondervan, H. Kuper, et al.
1
M.-A. Davies
1
M.C. Mollo, et al.
1
M.J. Chomba, S.G. Mukuria, P.W. Kariuki, S. Tumuti, B.A. Bunyasi
1
M.M.M. Kabamalan and E.P. Laguna
1
M.S. O’Shea, J. M.Girón, L. Cabrera, et al.
1
Maailma Terviseorganisatsioon (Euroopa)
1
MacKinnon,K.
1
Mair, L.
1
Makatjane, T. J., T. Hlabana, and E. M. Letete
1
Makoka, Donald
1
Malaria Journal
1
Malik, A. A.
1
MAMI, Irish Aid, Eleanor Crook Foundation
1
Mandrup, L. & Elklit, A.
1
Marchiol, A
1
Marie Stopes Uganda, WHO
1
Martinez-Alvarez M. et al
1
Martínez-Austria Polioptro,F and Bandala E. R
1
Mary De Silva, Lucy Lee& Grace Ryan
1
Masumbuko ClaudeK, Underschultz J,Hawkes MT
1
Mathauer, I.
1
Mbengue M. A. S., A. K. Bei, A. Mboup
1
McGeown, J.
1
McGloin, J.
1
Md. Akramul Islam, Susumu Wakai, Nobukatsu Ishikawa, A.M.R. Chowdhury, J. Patrick Vaughan
1
Medical Principles and Practice
1
Medina-Rincón, G.
1
Megan Best, Carlo Leget, Andrew Goodhead and Piret Paal
1
Megan S. Towle, et al.
1
Mehtsun, Sinit
1
Melanie Duncan, et al.
1
Mensah, G.A.
1
Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 4).
1
Mercedes M. Maicán V., Ángel Granado, Jesús Cedeño, et al.
1
mhGAP
1
MI. Troya,B. Bartlam, and C. A. Chew-Graham
1
Michael T. Osterholma, Kristine A. Moorea, Nicholas S. Kelley et al.
1
Michelle Funk, José Miguel Caldas de Almeida, Natalie Drew et al.
1
Minh D Pham
1
Ministerio de Salud Chile
1
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social Bogotá, Colombia
1
Ministère de la Santé et de l’Action Sociale - Direction Générale de la Santé Direction de la Santé de la Reproduction et de la Survie de l’Enfant - Republique du Sénégal
1
Ministry of Health
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare ,India
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Goverment of India
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India
1
Ministry of Health and Population, Health service Department.
1
Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children
1
Ministry of Health, Madagascar
1
Ministry of Health, Singapore
1
Ministry of Public Works, Liberia
1
Misereor, Brot für die Welt, Global Policy Forum GPF
1
Misereor, Brot für die Welt, GPF
1
Mitchell, S. et al.
1
Molly J Ryan, Tamara Giles-Vernick, Janice E Graham
1
Montelongo, A.
1
Moorhouse, M.
1
Mortimer, K.
1
Moudatsou, M.
1
Mphahlele, R.E. et al.
1
Mphande, M.
1
mPowering Frontline Health Workers
1
Multidisciplinary Collaborative Group for the Scientific Monitoring of COVID-19 (GCMSC)
1
Muntean Al., Popa M.
1
Mya, Kyaw Swa, Aung Tin Kyaw, and Thandar Tun
1
N. B. Ahmed
1
N. L. Soh
1
N. Thomson
1
N.I. Agudelo Higuita, S.A. Hamer, et al.
1
Naidoo, K.L.
1
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
1
National Academy of Sciences of the USA
1
National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Abuja Nigeria
1
National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians Compendium of Animal Rabies Prevention and Control Committee
1
National Center for Responsible Gaming (NCR)
1
National Consensus Project for Quality of Palliative Care
1
National Council on Disability Affairs (NCDA)
1
National Directorate for Economy, Equality and Gender and UNICEF
1
National Epidemiology Center Department of Health Philippines
1
National HIVAIDS Council Zambia
1
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
1
National TB Control Programme, Bangladesh
1
NCTSN
1
NdOH South Africa
1
Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
1
Nephal Ophtalmic Society
1
Neuron Review
1
Nguyen, T.
1
Nichols, B. E.
1
Nieto-Sanchez C., Hatley DM, Gijalva MJ., et al.
1
Nikolaos Mastellos, Tammy Tran, Kanika Dharmayat et al.
1
Norwegian Refugee Council
1
NPJ
1
npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine
1
NRC
1
O. Neyrolles (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologoie Structurale)
1
Obiezue, RN.
1
OECD
1
Ogden, S., Gallo, K., Davis, S., et al
1
Ojji, D.B.
1
Okech, U.K.
1
Okoye, CI.
1
Olans R. N. , R. D. Olans, A. DeMaria Jr
1
Oliveira, R.G. de.
1
Olivia Tiberi
1
Omasete J., Forster J., Geere J., et al.
1
Onalu, C.
1
One Million Community Worker Campaign
1
ONUSIDA
1
Open Heart
1
Open Journal of Epidemiology
1
Organização Mundial da Saúde (Américas)
1
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde
1
Osman, H.
1
Ovid
1
Ozar, D.T.
1
Ozioko ,KU.
1
P. Drain, and T. Hall
1
P. Gomes de Alvarenga
1
P. J. Dodd
1
P. Monfiston
1
P. Zheng
1
P. Zitko, Á. Passi-Solar et al.
1
P. Zucs
1
Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO)
1
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), OPS
1
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), World Health Organization - Regional Office for the Americas (WHO)
Takarinda, Kudakwashe C., Lydia K. Madyira, Mutsa Mhangara, Victor Makaza, Memory Maphosa, Simbarashe Rusakaniko, Peter H. Kilmarx, Tsitsi Mutasa-Apollo, Getrude Ncube, and Anthony D. Harries
1
Tambo, Ernest
1
TDR
1
tein, D. J.et al.
1
Teklu, Hailemariam, Aluta Sebhatu, and Tesfayi Gebreselassie
1
The Asia Foundation
1
The Australian College of Pharmacy
1
The Brazilian Journal of infectious diseases
1
The Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy CDDEP
1
The Centre for Global Mental Health &the Mental Health Innovation Network
1
The Child Protection Initiative, Save the Children
1
The Collaborative Initiative for Paediatric HIV Education and Research (CIPHER) Global Cohort Collaboration
1
The Department of Social Development
1
The DHS Program
1
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
1
The International Spinal Cord Association
1
The Journal of Global Health
1
The Kenya Mentor Mother Program
1
The Lancet healthy Longevity
1
The Lancet Regional Health - Americas
1
The Lancet, Planetary Health
1
The Liberia WASH Consortium
1
The National Child Traumatic Stress Network
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
1
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sports
1
The World Bank
1
TheLancet
1
Thomas, L.
1
Turco, J.V. et al.
1
U.S. Global Change Research Program
1
UCL
1
UN Development Programme UNDP
1
UN Development Programme, UN High Commissioner for Refugees
1
UN Environment
1
UN environment programme
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR
1
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
1
UN Partnership to Promote Rights of People with Disabilites
1
UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS)
1
UNCEN, UNIPA, SMERU, BPS, UNICEF
1
UNCT Mozambique
1
UNDP
1
Uni Heidelberg
1
UNICEF, World Health Organization WHO
1
UNION
1
Unitaid
1
Unitaid (Innovation in Global Health)
1
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
1
United Nations Children’s Fund UNICEF
1
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI)
1
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
1
United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR)ESEARCH
1
United Nations Office for Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
1
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
1
Universität Heidelberg
1
Université de Montréal
1
University of Pretoria
1
University of Zurich
1
UNOPS
1
Uppsala Universitet
1
US Department of Homeland Security, US Department of Health and Human Services
1
US Dept. of Health and Human Services
1
USAID, MCHIP
1
USAID, PEPFAR, Health Policy Project
1
USAID, SIAPS
1
V. Fonner
1
V. J. Wirtz
1
V. Künzel and L.Schäfer
1
V. Msosa, A.L Samateh et al.
1
V. Simms
1
V.Lemmi
1
Vaartjes, I.C.H.
1
Vaduganathan, M.
1
Valerie Karr et al.
1
Van de Sande, W.
1
van Dyk, L.
1
van Ham, C.
1
Van Katwyk, S. R.
1
Van Ommeren, M.
1
Varkey, B.
1
Vassall A.
1
Veeri, B. et al.
1
Velasco-Tirado, V.
1
Velisha Ann Perumal-Pillay & Fatima Suleman
1
Vengesai A., Naicker T., Kasambala M., et al.
1
Verhoeven, J.I.
1
Villella, Christina
1
VSO Ghana
1
Wagner, U. et al.
1
Wamai, R.
1
Wambugu, Samuel
1
Wang, S., N. Hoohlo, I. Tshabalala, K. Ntoi, and T. Sepetla
1
War Child International, Women's Refugee Commission
1
Water Aid
1
Water Partnership Program
1
Weis, J.
1
WHO Collaborating Centre on HIV and Viral Hepatitis
1
WHO Europe
1
WHO, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, and the International Trachoma Initiative
1
WHO, Pan American Health Organization
1
WHO, UNICEF
1
WHO, USAID, UNICEF
1
WHO-AIMS
1
Williams, D.
1
Wisner, B
1
Wolters Kluwer Health
1
Women for Global Health WGH
1
Women's Refugee Commission, IAWG
1
Word Health Organization WHO
1
World Bank Group
1
World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)
1
World Council of Churches
1
World Federation for Mental Health (WFMH)
1
World Food Programme
1
World Health Organisation, International Labour Organization
1
World Health Organitarion
1
World Health Organization (WHO) & The World Bank (WB)
1
World Health Organization (WHO) - Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia
1
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East-Asia
1
World Health Organization WHO, Bangladesh
1
World Health Organization WHO, International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE)
1
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office Africa
1
World Health Organization WHO, UNICEF
1
World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization
1
World Health Organization,et al.
1
World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe
1
World Vision
1
World Wildlife Fund for Nature WWF
1
Wrench, W.
1
Write State University Dayton
1
Y. Santa-Ana-Tellez et al.
1
Yimer, G. et al.
1
Yotsu,R.R.
1
Zamani's Lab, R. et al.
1
Ziaggi, G.
1
Zipper, S.
1
Васильева Ирина Анатольевна, Самойлова Анастасия Геннадьевна, Эргешов Атаджан Эргешович et al.
1
ВОЗ и Международная организация по проблемам болезни Альцгеймера
1
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (Европейское)
1
Г-жа M. Mansfeld
1
Г-н Z. T. Gavry
1
Д-р M. Dara
1
Е.А. Катунина, Ю.Н. Бездольный
1
Камкин Евгений Геннадьевич, Костенко Наталья Алексеевна et. al.
1
Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации
1
Российский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Кафедра неврологии и нейрохирургии лечебного факультета д.м.н., доцент Е.А. Катунина, к.м.н. Ю.Н. Бездольный
1
Сильвия Бразилиану, Патрисия Хохграф , Абдула Диуф et al.
1
федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза российской академии медицинских наук, Американский международный союз здравоохранения
Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the global leading causes of concern due to the rising prevalence and consequence of mortality and disability with a heavy economic burden. The objective of the current study was to analyze the trend in CVD incidence, mortality, and mortality-to-...incidence ratio (MIR) across the world over 28 years.
Methods
The age-standardized CVD mortality and incidence rates were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2017 for both genders and different world super regions with available data every year during the period 1990–2017. Additionally, the Human Development Index was sourced from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) database for all countries at the same time interval. The marginal modeling approach was implemented to evaluate the mean trend of CVD incidence, mortality, and MIR for 195 countries and separately for developing and developed countries and also clarify the relationship between the indices and Human Development Index (HDI) from 1990 to 2017.
Results
The obtained estimates identified that the global mean trend of CVD incidence had an ascending trend until 1996 followed by a descending trend after this year. Nearly all of the countries experienced a significant declining mortality trend from 1990 to 2017. Likewise, the global mean MIR rate had a significant trivial decrement trend with a gentle slope of 0.004 over the time interval. As such, the reduction in incidence and mortality rates for developed countries was significantly faster than developing counterparts in the period 1990–2017 (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the developing nations had a more rather shallow decrease in MIR compared to developed ones.
Conclusions
Generally, the findings of this study revealed that there was an overall downward trend in CVD incidence and mortality rates, while the survival rate of CVD patients was rather stable. These results send a satisfactory message that global effort for controlling the CVD burden was quite successful. Nonetheless, there is an urgent need for more efforts to improve the survival rate of patients and lower the burden of this disease in some areas with an increasing trend of either incidence or mortality.more
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCEVolume 24, Number 5, 2018ªMary Ann Liebert, Inc.DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0383
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a worldwide publichealth concern, with serious health, economic, and so-cietal repercussions. Its emergence is attributed to the se-lective pressure exerted by antib...iotic use in the community, hospitals, veterinary health, agriculture, aquaculture, and the environment. Additionally aggravating the situation is the fact that very few new antibiotics have recently been produced by pharmaceutical companies. It is widely acknowledged that food animals are key reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and that antibiotic usage in this population favors the emergence, selection, and spread of resistance among animals and humans, both through zoonoses (infectious diseases trans-mitted between animals and humans) and the food chain.more
We systematically reviewed Medline as well as the references of published review articles for relevant studies of adherence to multidrug treatment of both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB through February 3, 2018. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as well as prospective and retro...spective cohort studies (CSs) with an internal or external control group that evaluated any adherence intervention and conducted a meta-analysis of their impact on TB treatment outcomes. Our search identified 7,729 articles, of which 129 met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis. Seven adherence categories were identified, including DOT offered by different providers and at various locations, reminders and tracers, incentives and enablers, patient education, digital technologies (short message services [SMSs] via mobile phones and video-observed therapy [VOT]), staff education, and combinations of these interventions.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002595more
This article deals with the burning issue of moral decision-making by major church assemblies, such as regional and general synods. Moral decisions by church assemblies have created many conflicts in churches in the past and at times did an injustice to the prophetic testimony of church...es in society. The question arises as follows: To what extent should church assemblies be involved in moral decision-making? The central theoretical argument of this study is that although the notion of a ‘biblical ethic’ is valid, synods and council of churches should be extremely cautious and even hesitant to formulate moral decisions because of differences in hermeneutical approaches and the principle that the church is primarily the ‘local congregation of believers’. The church is not in the first instance a national, general or international social structure that should pass conclusive resolutions and that testifies by way of moderators or elected church leaders. To unfurl this central theoretical argument, the researcher refers to the current hermeneutical discourses and proposes certain ideas regarding the possible role of the church with respect to moral decision-making. In view of the information provided, a point of view is advocated regarding the way in which churches could be involved in moral decision-making today.more
CONCLUSIONS: The roles performed by CHWs are broad, varied and essential for diabetes and hypertension management. However, basic knowledge about diabetes and hypertension remains poor while training is unstandardised and haphazard. These need to be improved if community-based NCD management is to b...e successful. The potential of peer education as a complementary mechanism to formal training needs as well as support and supervision in the workplace requires further assessmentmore
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or sleeping sickness, is an endemic disease in 36 sub-Saharan African countries, typically occurring in underdeveloped areas, where
health systems face significant difficulties of diverse natures.
Bioethics - Medical, Ethical and Legal Perspectives
There’s evidence that implementing the four medical ethics principles may be challenging especially in low income country contexts with extreme resource scarcity and limited capacity to facilitate deliberations on the different ethical dilemmas.... These challenges can partly be explained by the social, economic, and political contexts in which the decisions are made, as well as the limited time, training and guidance to facilitate ethical decision making. Based on current literature, and using the example of bedside rationing; this chapter synthesizes the challenges clinicians face when operationalizing the four principle; identifying the opportunities to address them. We suggest that clinicians’ ability to implement the four principles are constrained by meso‐ and macro‐level decision making as well as their lack of training, explicit guidelines, and peer support. To ameliorate this situation, current efforts to strengthen the clinicians’ capacity to make ethical decisions should be complimented with developing of context relevant guidelines for ethical clinical decision making. The renewed global commitment to the sustainable development goals and universal healthcare coverage should be recognized as an opportunity to leverage resources and champion the integration of equity and justice as a core value in resource allocation at the bedside, meso-, macro- and global levels.more
N. N. Fido; M. Aman; Z. BrihnuHIVAIDS - Research and Palliative Care; Dovepress; PMC (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health)
(2016)
CC
HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care 2016:8 183–193
With sustained economic growth in many parts of the developing world, an increasing number of countries are transitioning away from the most subsidized development finance as they exceed income and other qualification requirements. Cross-country evidence suggests that Development Assistance Committe...e (DAC) donors view the crossing over of the World Bank’s International Development Association (IDA) eligibility threshold to signal that a country needs less aid, with subsequent reductions in both IDA and other donors’ concessional funding. Within the health sector, it is particularly important to understand the implications of these status changes for children under five years of age since improving early childhood health is critical to fostering health and social and economic development. Therefore, we examine the implications of the IDA transition by measuring the extent t which World Bank commitments—including both IDA and IBRD—are directed to infant and child health needs in Nigeria. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) models were used in a difference-indifferences (DID) strategy to compare World Bank IBRD/IDA lending before and after the crossover to regions with varying initial levels of under-five and infant need.more
Peru celebrates 200 years of independence in 2021. Over this period of independent life, and despite the turbulent socio-political scenarios, from internal armed conflict to economic crisis to political instability over the last 40 years, Peru has experienced major changes on its epidemiological and... population health profile. Major advancements in maternal and child health as well as in communicable diseases have been achieved in recent decades, and today
Peru faces an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases including mental health conditions. In terms of the configuration of the public health system, Peru has also strived to secure country-wide optimal health care, struggling in particular to improve primary health care and intercultural services.more