AMREF Health Africa, Health System Advocacy Partnership
1
Amterdam Institute for Global health & Development aighd
1
Analysis Hub
1
and C.J. Arnson
1
and E. Gitau
1
and F. Morgado
1
and P. Reijer
1
and R.O'Neill
1
Arantes Beatriz, L. B.
1
Argote P., Barhan E., Zukerman Daly S. et al.
1
Asante, C. et al.
1
Asean Briefing
1
ASEDP (Asociación Salvadoreña para el Estudio y Tratamiento del Dolor y Cuidados Paliativos)
1
Asia Pacific Leaders Malaria Alliance APMEN
1
Asseburg, M.
1
Assessment Capacities Project ACAPS
1
B. Cao
1
B. Ezenwa
1
B. Mason Meier
1
B. N. Ezenwa, I. B. Fajolu, O. R. Akinajo, et al.
1
Banda, H.T. et al.
1
Barrett MP, Priotto G, Franco JR, et al.
1
BC Centre for Disease Control
1
Bender L.
1
Berger, S.
1
Bham A., J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
Bham, A.
1
Biccard, B.M.
1
Bing Lin A. B., M.L Dietrich, R.A.Senior, et al.
1
Bixby, H.
1
BMC Health Services Research, part of Springer Nature
1
BMC Public Health
1
BMJ
1
BMJ Open Science
1
Bo Peng , Rowland W. Pettit, and Christopher I. Amos
1
Bozorgmehr, K.
1
Breakthrough ACTION Guyana
1
British Medical Association BMA
1
British Society for Immunology
1
Budreviciute, A.
1
Bureau régional de l’OMS pour l’Afrique
1
C. Clift
1
C. Ferreira-Borges
1
C. Hoffmann, et al.
1
C. Victora and M. Chowdury.
1
Camp, R. and C. Hoffmann
1
CAP-China
1
Caqueo-Urízar A., Urzúa A. et al
1
CARE
1
Carrillo-Larco
1
Carruther E., A. Veizis, E. Kondilis, et al.
1
Catholic Agency for Overseas Development CAFOD
1
CDA Collaborative Learning Projects
1
Center for Global Development
1
Center for Operational Analysis and Research COAR
1
Center for Public Interest Communications, University of Florida
1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
1
Central Pollution Control Board (Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change)
1
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor
1
Centre d’études stratégiques de l’Afrique
1
Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias
1
CERAH
1
Cerda A. A., Garcia L. Y.
1
Cesare, M.D.
1
Charles Phiilipe de Lucena AlvesJoão de Deus Barreto Segundo, Gabriel Gonçalves da Costa et al.
1
Cheesbrough, M.
1
China-Japan Friendship Hospital
1
Chipungu, C.
1
Chu, D.K.
1
Cilliers, J.
1
Civil Society 20 (C20) - Saudi Arabia 2020
1
Civil Society For Malaria Elimination CS4ME
1
Clinical Microbiology Reviews
1
Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI)
1
Cobas
1
Cochrane
1
Cochrane Library
1
Collective Service RCCE
1
Columbia University, IFRC, Protection Cluster, et al.
1
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
1
Community Health Impact Coalition
1
Conflict and Health
1
Cook, R.
1
Coregroup
1
COVID-19 Response
1
Cullen M.
1
D. Antognini, A. Combes, et al.
1
D. B. Evans
1
Damiati, S.
1
de Man P, van den Dobbelsteen J, et al.
1
Degam
1
Department for International Development DFID
1
Department of Health & Family Welfare Government of Kerala
1
Department of Health South Africa
1
Dept. of Psychiatry
1
Desogus, A.
1
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
1
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin e.V.
1
DGVS Paraguay
1
Dheda, K.
1
DHS Program Demographic and Health Surveys
1
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA, CALIDAD E INNOVACIÓN
1
Dirección General de Vigilancia de la Salud (DGVS)
1
Divya Nair, Nisha Hariharan, Raghav Adlakha, et al.
1
DNDi - Drugs for neglected diseases initiative
1
Dorcas Aid International
1
Doubova SV, Leslie HH, Kruk ME, et al.
1
Dove Press
1
Dr. J. Breda
1
Dr. med. Thorben Doll, Johannes Pott
1
Dr. P. Abraham
1
Dr. P. Amoth
1
Dr. S. K. Kibias
1
Dr. V. Potdar
1
Dr. Y.K. Gurav
1
Dra. Ximena Garzón et al.
1
E. Levy Yeyati
1
E. Malchiodi, J.P. Ioset, et al.
1
E. Ross
1
E. Webb, M. Mckee et al.
1
E.A Akl, S. Duda, et al.
1
Economist Impact
1
EFSA
1
EFSA Journal
1
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
1
Emelurumonye I. N., A. Miglietta
1
Emergency Nutrition Network ENN
1
EpiC
1
EQUINET
1
Escritório Regional da OMS para a África
1
ESMAP
1
et al
1
et al.,
1
Ethiopian Food and Drug Authority
1
Ethiopian Food, Medicine and Healthcare Administration and Control Authority
1
Ethiopian Public Health Institute
1
EU European Union
1
EUAA European Union
1
EuroHealth Observer
1
European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership EDCTTP
1
European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS)
1
European Asylum Support Office
1
European Centre for disease prevention and Control
1
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)
1
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC, IOM
1
European Commission EC
1
European Investment Bank EIB and UN Development Programme UNDP
1
European Medicines Agency EMA
1
European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Eurostation
1
European Public Health Alliance
1
European Resuscitation Council ERC
1
European Society of Cardiology
1
European specialist nurse organisation (ESN)
1
European Union EU
1
F. Bozzani et al.
1
F. Filippini
1
F.S.M. Bezerra, D.G.Colley, et al.
1
Fajolu, I.
1
Fan V. Y., Kim S., Pineda D., et al.
1
Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development BMZ
1
Federal Ministry of Health FMOH, EThiopia
1
Ferraretto, L.A.
1
Ferres M., Potin M.
1
FinalMile
1
Find
1
First Draft, Yale Insitute for Global Health
1
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO and African Union AU
1
Food for the Hungry et al.
1
Foundation for Innovative and New Diagnostics
1
Frase N. S.
1
Fuller, R.
1
Future Learn, ASLM
1
G, Zambrano, E Salgato, F. M. Moyano et al.
1
G-Finder
1
G.H. Wills, E. Wobudeya, et al.
1
Gabrys, J.
1
Garcia, P.J.
1
Gaziano, T. et al.
1
GEF
1
Geffert,K., N. Rupp und S. Mauder
1
Ghana Health Service - Ministry of Health, Ghana
1
Gideon
1
Global Asthma Network
1
Global Dynamics of Social Policy
1
Global Handwashing Partnership
1
Global Health Security Index
1
Global Heart
1
Global Institute for Asthma
1
Global MediXchange for Combating COVID-19 (GMCC)
1
Global Outbreak Alerts Response Network GOARN
1
Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI
1
Global Polio Eradication Initiative GPEI
1
Global Task Force On Cholera Control (GTFCC)
1
GMDAC, University of Potsdam
1
GOAL
1
GOARN
1
GOARN Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) Coordination Working Group, et al.
1
Goodman, T.
1
Gottlieb N., N. Davidovitch, D. F. Filc et al.
1
Gottlieb, N., M. Hintermeier, K. Bozorgmehr
1
Government of India Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
1
Government of India Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Directorate General of Health Services (EMR Division)
1
Government of Libya, World Health Organization (WHO)
1
Government of lndia Department ol Health Research Ministry of Health & Family Welfare & Director-General, ICMR
1
Government of Malawi
1
Government of Nigeria
1
Government of South Sudan
1
Government of the United Kingdom
1
Government of Uganda
1
Government of Zambia
1
Govt. Ethiopia, OCHA
1
Govt. of the State of Palestine
1
Greenhalgh, T.
1
Greinacher, A., et al.
1
Guyer A. L.
1
Guzman-Vilca, W. C.
1
H. Adler, Gould, S.
1
H. Azizi, G. Dalay and M. Pieper
1
Haarmann, E.
1
Haldane, V., De Foo, C., Abdalla, S.M. et al.
1
Half of Syria
1
Harrison, J.A.K.
1
Hasker E, Hope A, Bottieau E.
1
Hategeka C, Carter SE, Chenge FM, et al.
1
Health Care without Harm
1
Health Cluster
1
Health Cluster & Shelter Cluster Iraq
1
Health Cluster, Nutrition Cluster, OCHA
1
Health Cluster, WHO
1
health Department: Health Republic of South Africa
1
Health Department: Republic of South Africa
1
Health Policy and Planning
1
Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HSE)
1
Health Sector Cox Bazar
1
Health Sector Syria
1
Helliwell, John F., Richard Layard, Jeffrey Sachs, and Jan-Emmanuel De Neve
1
HelpAge
1
Hine, P.
1
Honein MA, Christie A, Rose DA, et al.
1
Horizon Medical Education
1
Hospital Divina Providencia
1
Hotline in a Box
1
hpsc
1
Human Resources for Health
1
Human Rights Watch
1
Humanitarian Bulletin Ethiopia
1
Humanitarian Response et al.
1
Humans Rights Watch
1
I-Tech International Training and Education Center for Health
1
IACAPAP
1
IAWG on Reproductive Health in Crises, IPPF, JSI, et al.
1
ICMHD
1
IHME Institut for Health Metrics and Evaluation
1
ILO
1
iMMAP
1
Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
1
Indian Council of Medical Research (icmd)
1
Indian Council of Medical Research Department of Health Research
1
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
1
Institute for security Studies
1
Institute for Security Studies ISS
1
Integrated African Health Observatory iAHO
1
Inter-Agency Standing Comittee IASC
1
Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC, et al.
1
Inter-agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in CrisesInternational Rescue Committee
1
InterAction
1
International Coaltion for Trachoma Control
1
International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC
1
International council of Nurses
1
International Diabetes Federation IDF
1
International Disability and Development Consortium (IDDC)
1
International Organization for Migration
1
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
1
International Organization for Migration IOM (14 - 27 June 2020)
1
International Rescue Committee, et al.
1
International Society of Nephrology
1
IOM UN Migration
1
IRC
1
Iribarren, S.
1
Irish Aid
1
Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS)
1
J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
J. Bueno de Mesquita
1
J. Tjaden
1
J.de D. Barreto Segundo, G.Gonçalves da Costa, et al.
1
JAMIA Open
1
Jara A., Undurraga E. A. et al
1
Jassat, W.
1
Jesuit Worldwide Learning
1
Jindal, D.
1
John Hopkins Bloomberg School
1
John Hopkins Center for Communication Programs
1
John Hopkins University
1
Johns Hopkins University
1
Julián-Jiménez, A.
1
K. Doerholt
1
K. Freeborn
1
K. Geffert und S. Mauder
1
K. Hauck
1
K. Khalid, A.Wharton-Smith, et al.
1
K. Lancaster
1
K. Quy
1
Kalla, I.S.
1
Kaloti R., R. Kafri, H. Meghari
1
Karen LeBan , Maryse Kok and Henry B. Perry
1
Kenya Ministry of Health
1
Khdr Sabir, D. et al.
1
Kim, A.
1
King E. J., N. Zotova
1
Kleynhans, J.
1
Kompetenznetz Public Health zu COVID-19
1
Kuate, L.M. et al.
1
Kuehn, B.M.
1
Kulkarni, S.
1
Kurowski, C.
1
l.
1
L. A Graybill
1
Ladnaya, N.
1
Lalloo, U.G.
1
Lancet
1
Lancet Oncology Commission
1
Leon-Velarde, F.
1
lndian Councilof Medical Research
1
Logistics Cluster World Food Programme WFP
1
Logunov, D.Y, et al.
1
Lok Swasthya SEWA Trust and World Health Organization WHO India
1
LSHTM
1
Lucena Alves, C.P. de
1
M. Ballard, Bancroft E., Nesbit J., et al.
1
M. Dara
1
M. Fendt-Newlin, S. T. Al-Harahsheh, et al.
1
M. Langer
1
M. Nebuloni
1
M. S. Razai
1
Make Way, Wemos
1
Makwe, C.
1
Malawi Human Rights Commission
1
Maman, D.
1
MAMI, Irish Aid, Eleanor Crook Foundation
1
Marion E, Hycenth N, Vedithi SC, et al.
1
Martini M, M. Abdiker
1
Marty, F.M.
1
Marzouk M., Rayes D., Y. Douedari et al.
1
Massard da Fonseca, E.
1
Mauder, S., K. Geffert
1
MEDBOX Team
1
Meike J. Schleif, Iain Aitken , et al.
1
Médecins sans Frontières
1
Millennium Development Goal Acceleration Initiative
1
Milligan H., Goodwin K., et al.
1
Ministerio de Salud Bolivia
1
Ministerio de Salud El Salvador
1
Ministerio de Salud y Proteccion Social Bogota, Colombia
1
Ministerio de Salud, Colombia
1
Ministerio de Salud, Argentina
1
Ministery of Health and Familiy Welfare - Government of India
1
Ministery of Health and Family Welfare - Government of India
1
Ministério da Saúde, Brasil
1
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde Brasil
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Directorate General of Health Services (EMR Division)
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Directorate General of Health Services EMR Division
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare of Bangladesh, Directorate General of Health Services
1
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Goverment of India
1
Ministry of Health & Sanitation
1
Ministry of Health & Sanitation Sierra Leone
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) - India
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India
1
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India
1
Ministry of Health and Sanitation Sierra Leone,
1
Ministry of Health and Wellness
1
Ministry of Health Ghana
1
Ministry of Health of Guyana
1
Ministry of Health of the United Republic of Tanzania
1
Ministry of Health Rwanda, The DHS Program, et al.
1
Ministry of Health Zambia
1
Ministry of Health, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
1
Ministry of Health, Liberia, World Health Organization (WHO), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
1
Ministry of Health,Uganda
1
Ministry of Home Affairs
1
Ministry pf Health and Sanitation Sierra Leone
1
Miti, S.
1
Montelongo, A.
1
Moreas Morelli, D.
1
Morse, J.M.
1
Mortimer, K.
1
Mosca D. T., C. Marotta, F. di Gennaro, et al.
1
Msomi, N.
1
Murphy, J.P.
1
Murray, C.J.L.
1
Mutale W.
1
N. Petrosillo
1
Nalbandian, A.
1
Nathan, C.L.
1
Nation Institute for Communicable Diseases
1
Nation Institute for Communicable Diseases - Division of the National Health Laboratory Service
1
Nation Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa
1
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
1
National Academy of Medicine
1
National AIDS Secretariat
1
National Centre for Disease Control
1
National Centre for Vector Borne Disease Control (NCVBDC)
1
National Department of Health (NDoH) South Africa
1
National Department of Health Directorate: Communicable Diseases
1
National Department of Health South-Africa
1
National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD)
1
National Institute of Disaster Management (nidm)
1
National Institute of Health, Pakistan
1
National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru India
1
National Institute of Virology (NIV)
1
National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP)
1
National Planning Commission
1
nature medicine
1
National Centre for Disease Control
1
NDoH South Africa
1
Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
1
New England Journal of Medicine
1
Nganou-Gnindjio, C.N.
1
Ngwa, W.
1
NICD, National Health Laboratory Services
1
NICE
1
NICE guideline
1
Nieto-Sanchez C., Hatley DM, Gijalva MJ., et al.
1
Nkhoma, L. et all.
1
Norwegian Refugee Council NRC
1
NPD
1
NPJ
1
NSW Government, Ministry of Health
1
Nuffield Council on Bioethics
1
Nunes da Cunha I., Autry E. et al
1
Nữ tu Bác sĩ Nguyễn Thị Hiền
1
O'Sullivan, B.
1
OCHA Services reliefweb
1
Odhiambo J.N., Dolan C., Malik A.A., et al.
1
Odlum, A.
1
Omasete J., Forster J., Geere J., et al.
1
OMS (WHO)
1
One World Data
1
ONUSIDA
1
Opigo, J.
1
OPS
1
Organisation de la Santé Mondiale
1
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS)
1
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
1
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe OSCE
1
Our World in Data
1
OVID-19 Excess Mortality Collaborators
1
Pacific Protection Cluster
1
PACK
1
PALIAMED (Fundación de Medicina Paliativa de El Salvador)
1
Paniz-Mondolfi, P.
1
Papagni, R.
1
Parashar R., Nanda S., Smith S.L., et al.
1
Patuzzi
1
Paul J. Schramm, Munerah Ahmed, Hannah Siegel, Jamie Donatuto et al.
1
Páez, L.S.
1
Pearce E.
1
Pedro Alonso, Kevin Baird, David Brandling-Bennett et al.
1
Penal Reform International (PRI)
1
Philippines Humanitarian Country Team
1
Physicians for Human Rights
1
Pieper, R.
1
Pinazo, M.J.
1
Pitrez, P. M.
1
Plateforme Prévention Sida
1
PLOS Global Public Health
1
PNG
1
Polack, F.P. et al.
1
Portella, C.
1
Prather, K.A., C.C. Wang , and R.T. Schooley
1
Primerdesign LTD
1
Prof. (Dr.) B. Bhargdvd
1
Protection Cluster
1
Protection Cluster, UNFPA
1
Pruess, A.
1
Pueyo, T.
1
Quatar Foundation
1
Quirk, E.J.
1
R Loewenson
1
R. James
1
R. Lessells, K. Mlisana and T. de Oliveira
1
R.M.
1
R4V
1
Rahman-Shepherd, A.
1
Rajan, S.
1
Ramanathan, K.
1
RCCE technical working group
1
ReAct Action on Antibiotic Resistance
1
Red Crescent Kazakhstan
1
Reddel, H. K.
1
Redfern, J. et al.
1
Refugees International
1
Regional Office for Africa, Government of Mauritius
1
Reliefweb OCHA Services
1
Republic of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
1
Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Health
1
Republic of South Sudan
1
Rhodes, T.
1
Riggirozzi P., J. Grugel, N. Cintra
1
Ritchie, H.
1
Rocha, R.
1
Rochweg, B.
1
Royal Australian College of General Practitioner
1
Rubinstein, F.
1
Rudasa
1
Rupp, N.
1
Rüppel, T.
1
Ryan, R.E.
1
S. Aleyan
1
S. Jain
1
S. Ladhani
1
S. Lazzari and G. Kiesner
1
S. Lees et al.
1
S. Novoa, B. Nieto et al.
1
S. Ripoll and S. Carter
1
S. Rohleder, M. Qreini, et al.
1
S. Sweeney
1
S.R. Lewin and R. Sherer
1
Sachs, J., Karim, S., Aknin, L. et al.
1
Safeguarding Health in Conflict, et al.
1
Sagan, A.
1
Saiful Islam M. , Mizanur Rahman K., Sun Y., et al.
1
Sallam, M.
1
Santero, M.
1
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
1
Save the Children andJohn Hopkins Center for Communication Programs
1
Save the Children, Terre des Hommes
1
Schell, C.O.
1
Schueller, E.
1
Sedas A. C., M. Aguerrebere, L. A. Martinez Juarez, et al.
1
See text
1
SEGO, SAC Ecuador
1
Seitz, W.
1
Shato, T.
1
SickKids
1
Sider, R. , Buswell, M. , Al Salman, M. et al.
1
Siriam, A.
1
Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform
1
Societé francaise d'anesthésie et de réanimation SFAR
1
Sphere
1
Sphere - Standards
1
Srivastava, Swati, Karan, Anup K., Bhan, Nandita, Mukhopadhya, Indranil. et al.
1
Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik
1
Sustainable Development Solutions Network
1
Sustainable Energy for All
1
Swen, M.
1
Swiss Peace Foundation
1
Syrian American Medical Society Foundation
1
Tabitha Hrynick, T.
1
Temgoua, M.N.
1
The Carter Center
1
The Center For Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy CDDEP
1
The Chatham House
1
The Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
1
The Georg Institute for Global Health India
1
The Global Fund, UNAIDS
1
the Inter-Agency Standing Committee’s Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Reference Group
1
The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
1
The Lancet
1
The Lancet Commissions
1
The Lancet Editorial
1
The Lancet Regional Health - Americas
1
The Lancet, Planetary Health
1
The Public Good Projects
1
The Sphere
1
TheLancet
1
Thomas, L.S., E. Buch and Y. Pillay
1
Thomson, R.
1
THT Books
1
Torres-Rueda S.
1
Translation without Borders
1
Tromp, J.
1
Turkova, A.
1
U.S. Agency for International Development and its Act to End NTDs
1
U.S. Government
1
UK Health Security Agency
1
UN
1
UN Children´s Fund
1
UN Country Team in Bolivia
1
UN Country Team in Honduras, UN Office for the Coordination of Human Affairs
1
UN Country Team in Nepal
1
UN Country Team in Papua New Guinea
1
UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs
1
UN DESA
1
UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
1
UN Environment
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees
1
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
1
UN HRC, UNEP
1
UN RC Malawi
1
UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
1
UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA
The Plan subscribes to the goals and pillars of the WHO Global Technical Strategy against Malaria 2016-2030 (GTS), while presenting key elements to address the specific challenges of the Region.
Zambia has completed the implementation of the National TB Strategic Plan (2017-2021) that set in motion the TB elimination agenda in Zambia through coordinated and accelerated TB response. During this period, the National TB and Leprosy Programme (NTLP) registered tremendous success.
The NTLP is ...poised to attain the ambitious goal pronounced by the government of eliminating TB by 2030, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the World Health Organization End TB Strategy. The programme exponentially increased TB notifications from as low as 35,922 people with TB in 2018 to 40,726 in 2020 and in 2021 the TB notifications rose to 50,825 (a 25% increase against 2020 performance). The NTLP also registered incredible success in sustaining high TB Preventive Treatment (TPT) initiations among persons living with HIV and a high TB treatment success rate among drug-susceptible TB cases. New and relapse TB notifications in children below 15 years increased by 43%, from 2,724 in 2020 to 3,890 in 2021. TB notifications ratio between children aged 0-4 and 5-14 was 0.9, an improvement from what we achieved in 2018 (the ratio was 0.7). The proportion of TB patients who are HIV positive continued to decrease, reaching 34% in 2021 from 39% in 2020. Sustained increases in TB notifications, treatment success rate, and TPT initiations have resulted in a rapid decrease in the TB incidence rate that reached 307 per 100,000 population in 2021 against a rate of 391 in 2015.more
This malaria case management training manual was developed by the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) of Ethiopia, in collaboration with several national and international partners. Primarily based on WHO guidelines and training materials, as well as the 2022 national malaria guidelines and various te...chnical documents, it aims to provide a standardised, simplified resource for clinical health workers in both the public and private sectors in Ethiopia. The manual aims to provide clinical health workers in both the public and private sectors in Ethiopia with a standardised, simplified resource.more
This UNHCR guidance note provides comprehensive recommendations for the prevention and control of malaria in refugee settings worldwide. Aligned with the WHO Global Technical Strategy for Malaria, it outlines strategies to ensure access to effective prevention, diagnosis and treatment, implement sus...tainable transmission reduction measures and strengthen surveillance systems. The document is intended as a practical resource for humanitarian actors, public health officials and partners involved in planning and implementing malaria programmes in refugee operations, with the aim of reducing malaria-related morbidity and mortality among vulnerable populations.more
A historic funding crisis is threatening to unravel decades of progress unless countries can make radical shifts to HIV programming and funding. The report highlights the impact that the sudden, large-scale funding cuts from international donors are having on countries most affected by HIV. Yet it a...lso showcases some inspiring examples of resilience, with countries and communities stepping up in the face of adversity to protect the gains made and drive the HIV response forward.more
The National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan (NMESP) 2024–2028 of Ghana outlines the country’s roadmap to shift from malaria control to elimination. Despite major progress—like reducing malaria deaths from nearly 2,800 in 2012 to 151 in 2022—malaria remains a major public health challenge... in Ghana.
The plan aims to reduce malaria deaths by 90% and cases by 50% by 2028 (compared to 2022), and to eliminate malaria entirely in 21 low-burden districts. It includes a mix of interventions such as insecticide-treated nets, indoor residual spraying, seasonal chemoprevention, malaria vaccination, and strong surveillance systems.
The strategy is tailored to the local malaria burden, promotes community engagement, relies on multisectoral partnerships, and ensures adequate resource mobilization. Its ultimate goal is to protect Ghana’s population, improve public health, and support the country’s socioeconomic development.more
This toolkit is a comprehensive set of practical tools and resources designed to support country-level risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) practitioners, decision-makers, and partners to plan and implement readiness and response activities for yellow fever outbreaks. The toolkit conta...ins: information about yellow fever; RCCE considerations for how to approach key issues during yellow fever outbreaks; tools for understanding the context in which yellow fever outbreaks occur; methods for collecting data to inform strategy development and bring evidence into planning and implementation of activities; guidance to support vector control and immunization campaigns; and links to existing RCCE tools and training. It is one of a suite of toolkits on RCCE readiness and response to a range of disease and response areas.more
Integrated Outbreak Analytics (IOA) applies a multidisciplinary approach to understanding outbreak dynamics and to inform outbreak response. It aims to drive comprehensive, accountable, and effective public health and clinical strategies by enabling communities, and national and subnational health a...uthorities to use data for operational decision-making. IOA embraces a holistic perspective of outbreak dynamics throughout: from the trigger questions to the data that are collected or accessed, to the interpretation of results and the recommendations that follow. In addition, IOA promotes co-development and monitoring of evidence informed actions.
The IOA toolkit aims to provide a clear understanding of IOA and highlight the importance of using an integrated, holistic approach to manage outbreak responses. It provides step-by-step guidance for setting up IOA and putting IOA principles into action. Finally, this toolkit provides guidance on applying IOA in humanitarian and emergency contexts, offering a practical and adaptable approach to informing public health emergency responses.
Developed based on the model from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), its creation involved extensive consultation with experts experienced in IOA applications. The toolkit was piloted in Tanganyika Province, DRC, as well as Somalia and Sudan, demonstrating its adaptability to diverse emergency scenarios. It builds upon an existing array of tools, templates, reports, case studies, animations, and publications used by stakeholders in diverse contexts.more
The Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence in Tanzania's Health Sector was developed through collaboration between multiple stakeholders, including government bodies, academic institutions, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and international partners. The framework demonstrates Tanzania’...s dedication to utilising digital technologies and AI to enhance healthcare delivery, facilitate data-driven decision-making, and bolster the resilience of the healthcare system. Although AI integration in Tanzania’s health sector is still in its infancy, a growing number of initiatives are highlighting its potential in clinical care, research, and system management. The Ministry of Health, in collaboration with partners including the President’s Office (PORALG), Fondation Botnar, MUHAS, UDOM and PATH, has spearheaded this initiative with the aim of using AI to minimise errors, improve clinical outcomes and boost the efficiency of the health system.more
Growing emergencies and displacements across the world demand increasingly complex interventions and responses. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed Malaria control in emergencies: a field manual to provide technical guidance to help partners respond effectively to malaria in emergency ...situations. This field manual supersedes the 2013 WHO handbook.more
The purpose of this guide is to provide practical advice for health staff undertaking infectious disease preparedness and response activities to ensure that access to safe abortion care (SAC) is maintained when an infectious disease outbreak occurs. It is an operational guide which can serve to supp...ort health actors to maintain SAC services during outbreaks and ensure that necessary SAC considerations are integrated within outbreak responses; it is not a clinical guide. The locational focus of this document is humanitarian and fragile settings; however, recommendations may apply to infectious disease outbreaks in all low-resource populations. This guide is intended to complement Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights During Infectious Disease Outbreaks: Operational Guidance for Humanitarian and Fragile Settings.more
This publication articulates the WHO Botswana Country Office’s focus and investment needs for the biennium 2022–2023, building on achievements, networks, and partnerships fostered in 2020-2021.
As the leading health authority within the United Nations system in Botswana, the WHO Country Offi...ce has been at the forefront of supporting the government to improve health since 1996. The WHO Country Office supports the Ministry of Health in realizing the health goals the Government of Botswana defines. Acknowledging that as an upper middle-income country, Botswana provides the bulk of its resources for implementing health programmes, the WHO directly brings technical expertise to the table by collaborating with relevant partners. Where the country office has limitations in terms of human resources with the requisite expertise to answer the country’s needs, the regional level and headquarters of the WHO will be mobilized to provide the necessary support.more
La tendencia al calentamiento en América Latina y el Caribe continuó en 2021. La tasa media de aumento de las temperaturas fue de aproximadamente 0,2 °C por década entre 1991 y 2021, en comparación con los 0,1 °C por década registrados entre 1961 y 1990.En 2021, la temperatura se situó por e...ncima de la media de 1981-2010 en todas las subregiones, habiéndose registrado la anomalía máxima de +0,59 (±0,1 °C) en la región de México y América Central, lo que corresponde a +0,97 (±0,1 °C) por encima del período de referencia de 1961-1990 de la OMM para el cambio climático.more
Vous avez appris, il y a peu de temps ou peut-être plus, que vous étiez séropositif·ve.
Peut-être vous attendiez-vous un peu à ce résultat, peut-être pas du tout. Vous avez peut-être ressenti un
choc à cette annonce, et une foule de questions vous sont venues.
Cette brochure a pour bu...t de répondre à certaines d’entre elles et, en abordant différents aspects, de vous
aider petit à petit à apprivoiser votre nouvelle situation.
Les avancées médicales ont été extrêmement importantes ces dernières années, tant au niveau des traitements qu’au niveau des stratégies de prévention. Avec des conséquences concrètes. Les personnes vivant
avec le VIH sont aujourd’hui considérées comme des patient·es atteint·es d’une maladie chronique, avec laquelle on peut vivre de très nombreuses années, pour autant que l’on prenne correctement son traitement.more
This companion document to Ending the neglect to attain the Sustainable Development Goals: a road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030 ("the road map") aims to support a range of stakeholders - including countries in which neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are endemic, international organi...zations and non-State actors - to achieve the road map targets through a transdisciplinary, cross-cutting One Health approach. Specifically, it provides guidance on the One Health actions needed by major stakeholders and how to support a paradigm shift towards One Health in national NTD programmes. Examples of common One Health challenges and how they can be overcome as well as illustrative cases studies are provided throughout. The companion document was developed through a global consultative process involving stakeholder interviews, interactive workshops, and online public consultation.more
This Mpox SPRP Global Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) Framework, also referred to as the Framework, aims to monitor and report on global progress towards these objectives, including information about country-level response efforts and WHO support to Member States. Regular collection and analysis of da...ta on these objectives, alongside the ongoing tracking of the epidemiological situation, are key to informing decision-making, operational adjustments, as well as ensuring transparency and accountability for achieving the goal to stop the Mpox outbreak. This document suggests reporting indicators for monitoring of the global response to the Mpox PHEIC as articulated in the Mpox SPRP and Operational Planning Guidelines for countries.more
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 16(10): e0009774. Although the practice of communication is often called upon when intervening asn involgvingcommunties affected by NTD's, the disciplinary framewokr of healt communication research has been largely absent from NTD strategies. To illustrate how practices conceptual...ized and developed within the communication field habe been applied in the context of NTD elimination, we conducted a scoping review focusing on two diseases currently targeted for elimination by the WHO: lymphatic filariasis and Chagas diseasemore
Self-care interventions are among the most promising and exciting new approaches to improve health and well-being, both from a health systems perspective and for people who use these interventions.
The World Health Organization (WHO) uses the following working definition of self-care: Self-care i...s the ability of individuals, families and communities to promote health, prevent disease, maintain health, and cope with illness and disability with or without the support of a health worker. The scope of self-care as described in this definition includes health promotion; disease prevention and control; self-medication; providing care to dependent persons; seeking hospital/specialist/primary care if necessary; and rehabilitation, including palliative care. It includes a range of self-care modes and approaches. While this is a broad definition that includes many activities, it is important for health policy to recognize the importance of self-care, especially where it intersects with health systems and health professionals.more
9 June 2021
Since its launch, GLASS has expanded in scope and coverage and as of May 2021, 109 countries and territories worldwide have enrolled in GLASS. A key new component in GLASS is the inclusion of antimicrobial consumption (AMC) surveillance at the national level highlighted in this fourth G...LASS report.
The fourth GLASS report summarizes the 2019 data reported to WHO in 2020. It includes data on AMC surveillance from 15 countries and AMR data on 3 106 602 laboratory-confirmed infections reported by 24 803 surveillance sites in 70 countries, compared to the 507 923 infections and 729 surveillance sites reporting to the first data call in 2017.
The report also describes developments over the past years of GLASS and other AMR surveillance programmes led by WHO, including resistance to anti-human immunodeficiency virus and anti-tuberculosis medicines, antimalarial drug efficacy.more