The CDC webpage on the clinical features of malaria outlines the disease's presentation, categorizing it into uncomplicated and severe forms, and emphasizes that prompt and accurate diagnosis and treatment can lead to a cure.
The document "J-esyon ak bon manipilasyon manje yo" focuses on proper food handling and hygiene practices to prevent contamination and foodborne illnesses. It provides comprehensive guidelines for individuals and communities, emphasizing the importance of food safety. Key recommendations include kee...ping raw and cooked foods separate, ensuring thorough cooking of perishable items like meat and fish, and checking canned goods for damage or expiration before use. It stresses the need to use treated or boiled water for cooking, drinking, and washing food, as contaminated water can lead to diseases such as diarrhea, typhoid, and skin infections.
The document also highlights critical hygiene practices, such as washing hands with soap and treated water before handling food or eating, and thoroughly cleaning food preparation areas. Proper storage of food at suitable temperatures to prevent spoilage is another key focus, along with protecting food from animals, insects, and other sources of contamination. Overall, the manual emphasizes that maintaining proper hygiene and safe food handling practices is vital for preventing illnesses and promoting public health, making it a valuable resource for educating communities on food safety.
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The document focuses on educating children and communities about diarrhoea prevention and management through creative and interactive approaches. It highlights the importance of hygiene practices, oral rehydration solutions (ORS), zinc supplements, and proper nutrition to combat diarrhoea. Developed... with the support of Save the Children, the material is designed for use in schools, homes, and community groups, encouraging children to act as messengers of health education to promote lifelong healthy habits.
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The document "Prevansyon kont Diare" provides guidance on preventing and managing diarrhea. It explains that diarrhea, caused by pathogens like viruses, bacteria, and parasites, can lead to severe dehydration if untreated. Symptoms include vomiting, fever, and loss of appetite, with severe cases req...uiring urgent medical care.
To prevent diarrhea, the document emphasizes using treated or boiled water, washing hands with soap, cooking food thoroughly, and cleaning fruits and vegetables with safe water. It also provides a recipe for Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) to combat dehydration: mix 1 liter of boiled or treated water with 8 teaspoons of sugar, 1 teaspoon of salt, and a pinch of baking soda. This solution should be consumed while seeking medical attention.
The document serves as an educational resource to promote hygiene and provide simple, effective solutions for preventing and managing diarrhea.
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Le document fournit des messages éducatifs et des conseils pratiques pour prévenir et gérer la diarrhée, en particulier chez les enfants. Il met l'accent sur les pratiques d'hygiène telles que le lavage des mains adéquat, l'utilisation de latrines et la manipulation sûre des aliments. Il soul...igne également l'importance de l'allaitement maternel, d'une alimentation équilibrée, de la vaccination et de l'utilisation de solutions de réhydratation orale (SRO) et de zinc pour traiter la déshydratation causée par la diarrhée. Développé en collaboration avec les programmes de Save the Children en République démocratique du Congo, le matériel intègre l'éducation à la santé dans les écoles et les communautés, en encourageant les enfants à agir comme agents de changement pour promouvoir les pratiques d'hygiène et de santé.
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La deuxième édition de ce manuel fournit des directives simples, concrètes et faciles à suivre pour la récupération et le stockage des corps des personnes décédées lors de catastrophes et l’enregistrement des informations les concernant, l’objectif étant d’aider les premiers interven...ants à faire en sorte que les morts soient traités avec respect et que les informations indispensables pour leur identification ultérieure soient enregistrées comme il se doit. Cette version révisée et actualisée de l’ouvrage incorpore l’expérience acquise lors de catastrophes récentes, comme le typhon Haiyan qui a touché les Philippines en 2013, l’épidémie d’Ebola qui s’est déclarée en Afrique de l’Ouest en 2014 et 2015, et le tremblement de terre qui a frappé le Népal en 2015. Elle comporte également plusieurs annexes traitant de diverses questions, telles que la prise en charge des dépouilles des victimes d’une épidémie de maladie infectieuse, la planification des sites d’inhumation et l’utilisation des analyses ADN lors de catastrophes de grande ampleur.
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The NICE guideline NG114 provides recommendations on antimicrobial therapy for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), aiming to optimize antibiotic use and minimize the development of antibiotic resistance.
The document focuses on household water treatment methods to ensure access to safe drinking water, particularly in areas with limited access to clean water sources. It highlights the importance of safe water, noting that contaminated water is a major cause of waterborne diseases such as diarrhea and... cholera. Treating water at the household level is emphasized as an effective way to reduce health risks.
The document outlines several treatment methods, including boiling, which kills most pathogens; chlorination, which disinfects water by adding chlorine; filtration, which removes dirt and certain microbes using simple or advanced filters; and solar disinfection (SODIS), which involves exposing water in clear plastic bottles to sunlight for several hours to kill microbes. Additionally, it stresses the importance of safe water storage, such as using clean and covered containers to prevent recontamination, and practicing good hygiene, including regular handwashing and maintaining cleanliness around water sources.
By promoting these methods, the document aims to raise awareness and provide practical solutions for improving water quality at the household level, thereby reducing the spread of diseases and enhancing public health.
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The document presents a humanitarian snapshot from October 2017 highlighting the dire situation of children in Yemen. Over 11 million Yemeni children needed humanitarian assistance due to the conflict that began in March 2015. The report shows one child dying every 10 minutes from preventable causes..., with 386,000 suffering from severe acute malnutrition. The education system was near collapse with 2,531 schools damaged or repurposed, depriving 1.5 million children of education. More than 7,000 children had been killed or injured in the conflict, and child labor and early marriages were increasing as negative coping mechanisms. The report also notes that 55% of Yemen's 2.9 million displaced persons were children.
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This handbook offers a simple framework of action for actors in local government, and in particular, health leaders such as Civil Surgeons (CSs) and Upazila Health and Family Planning Officers (UHFPQOs), to take ownership and leadership to combat COVID-19 at each district and upazila respectively, w...ith support and guidance from elected representatives and local administration, and through effective engagement of various segments of society including informal health care providers, religious leaders, journalists, police and law enforcement agencies, etc. The toolkit draws extensively from the experiences in Chapainawabganj, Savar and other areas and contains relevant best practises that have already proven effective in these places, which should be readily adaptable to various contexts.
It is important to note that while this framework has been developed in the context of COVID-19 and with related best practises, it is by no means limited to COVID-19 response. Indeed, the experience from Savar shows that the same approach has proven extremely effective in combating the dengue outbreak and the severe floods in 2020, and hence can be used to combat future public health emergencies in Bangladesh and other countries having similar contexts.
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How do they work in an ICC to prevent or mitigate nosocomial infections?
Are you clear that we can all do something to avoid them?
A simple hand wash can make a difference.
Inés Lavega has a degree in nursing and worked for more than 8 years at the CTI of Hospital Maciel, the first public hospit...al in Uruguay.
She tells us about the intense work of nursing, to control infections.
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Janvier 2022.
L'une des nombreuses inégalités entre les sexes dans le secteur de la santé et des soins que COVID-19 a révélées concerne l'ajustement et la conception des équipements de protection individuelle (EPI). L'apparition rapide et l'ampleur de COVID-19 ont entraîné des pénuries d'...EPI dans la plupart des pays, provoquant des infections et des décès évitables parmi les travailleurs de la santé et d'autres personnes en première ligne. Bien que la plupart des travailleurs de la santé soient des femmes, les spécifications de fabrication des EPI médicaux sont généralement établies en fonction du corps masculin et de nombreux cas d'EPI non conçus pour le corps des femmes ont été signalés. WGH a entrepris un projet de recherche mondial afin de documenter les défis auxquels les travailleuses de la santé sont confrontées.
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Health care waste can be difficult to treat and dispose of safely. The environmental and health impacts of waste put extra pressure on resources. Therefore, it is important to try and reduce the quantities of waste wherever possible. Ensure waste is segregated properly at the point of disposal. It i...s cheaper and easier to manage general waste through a municipal waste system than infectious or sharps waste which needs treatment before final disposal. Organic general wastes like food and paper can be composted rather than being wasted. Non- hazardous general waste may also be sorted for recycling.
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WHO has updated its guidelines for COVID-19 therapeutics, with revised recommendations for patients with non-severe COVID-19. This is the 13th update to these guidelines.
Updated risk rates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19
The guidance includes updated risk rates for... hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19.
The current COVID-19 virus variants tend to cause less severe disease while immunity levels are higher due to vaccination, leading to lower risks of severe illness and death for most patients.
This update includes new baseline risk estimates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19. The new ‘moderate risk’ category now includes people previously considered to be high risk including older people and/or those with chronic conditions, disabilities, and comorbidities of chronic disease. The updated risk estimates will assist healthcare professionals to identify individuals at high, moderate or low risk of hospital admission, and to tailor treatment according to WHO guidelines:
**High: **People who are immunosuppressed remain at higher risk if they contract COVID-19, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 6%.
**Moderate: **People over 65 years old, those with conditions like obesity, diabetes and/or chronic conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kidney or liver disease, cancer, people with disabilities and those with comorbidities of chronic disease are at moderate risk, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 3%.
Low: Those who are not in the high or moderate risk categories are at low risk of hospitalization (0.5%). Most people are low risk.
Review of COVID-19 treatments for people with non-severe COVID-19
WHO continues to strongly recommend nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (also known by its brand name ‘Paxlovid’) for people at high-risk and moderate risk of hospitalization. The recommendations state that nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is considered the best choice for most eligible patients, given its therapeutic benefits, ease of administration and fewer concerns about potential harms. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was first recommended by WHO in April 2022.
If nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is not available to patients at high-risk of hospitalization, WHO suggests the use of molnupiravir or remdesivir instead.
WHO suggests against the use of molnupiravir and remdesivir for patients at moderate risk, judging the potential harms to outweigh the limited benefits in patients at moderate risk of hospital admission.
For people at low risk of hospitalization, WHO does not recommend any antiviral therapy. Symptoms like fever and pain can continue to be managed with analgesics like paracetamol.
WHO also recommends against use of a new antiviral (VV116) for patients, except in clinical trials.
The update also includes a strong recommendation against the use of ivermectin for patients with non-severe COVID-19. WHO continues to advise that in patients with severe or critical COVID-19, ivermectin should only be used in clinical trials.
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