the aid library

LIST OPTIONS

Filter

1948

Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

Download (313)

View PDF (449)

Education, Social Restrictions, and Justice in Taliban-Held Afghanistan

Human Rights Watch (2021) CC

On February 29, 2020, the United States and the Taliban signed an agreement outlining a phased withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan in exchange for Taliban commitments not to allow attacks on the US or its allies from Afghan territory. The troop withdrawal is expected to take place in parallel w... more

External Link

Management of post-acute covid-19 in primary care

Greenhalgh, T.; et al. (2020) CC

BMJ 2020; 370 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3026 (Published 11 August 2020) The BMJ "practice pointer" inlcudes a one-page visual summary of assessment and initial management of patients with persistant symptoms following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection

Download (321)

View PDF (461)

Communication Support World Network Newsletter

Central Coast Children's Foundation (2015) C2

Special Issue: Special Education in Sub-Saharan Africa | This special issue of our Communication*Support*World*Network*Newsletter attempts to share practical ideas and information about special education for children with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa. Our intent is to begin a dialogue among th... more

Download (432)

View PDF (432)

Faecal Sludge And Septage Treatment. A guide for low and middle income countries.

Tayler, K. Practical Action Publishing (2018) CC

It explains the importance of faecal sludge management in urban areas in which many people rely on on-site and decentralized sanitation facilities and emphasizes the place of treatment in the overall sanitation service chain. It defines terms used throughout the book, explains why faecal sludge and ... more

Download (219)

View PDF (414)

злоупотребление алкоголем в Российской Федерации: социально-экономические последствия и меры противодействия

Дёмин Андрей Константинович, Коротаев Андрей Витальевич, Халтурина Дарья Андреевн Общественная палата Российской Федерации (2009) C1

Доклад на тему злоупотребление алкоголем в Российской Федерации: социально-экономические последствия и меры противодействия, который был утвержден Советом Общес... more

Download (393)

View PDF (676)

Informer sur les violences à l’égard des filles et des femmes: manuel pour les journalistes

UNESCO (2022) CC

À l’ère des évolutions numérique, démocratique, sociétale et politique, la communication est devenue plus que jamais une passerelle d’idées et d’initiatives révolutionnaires, capable de créer des communautés plus fortes, plus informées et plus impliquées que jamais. L’émergence ... more

Download (409)

View PDF (578)

Partnerships, Advocacy and Communication for Social Change. Webinar 7. Companion Technical Booklet

Cable, C. UNICEF (2014)

Download (947)

View PDF (918)

Morsures de serpents: Epidémiologie et stratégie nationale de lutte contre les envénimations ophidiennes

Centre Anti Poison du Maroc (2015) C1

Toxicologie Maroc - N° 24 - 1er trimestre 2015

Download (366)

View PDF (553)

Humanitarian aid and disability

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Directorate General for Development Cooperation (DGDC) (2015) C2

VADEMECUM | This Vademecum is intended to provide a benchmark for aid workers—whether working in the field or at a strategic level—in particular concerning the formulation and implementation of programmes of prevention or response to humanitarian crises. It is not solely a theoretical document b... more

Download (522)

View PDF (794)

Children with disabilities in South Africa, and their right to a participating life.

Amanda Mattsson Lunds Universitet (2013) C2

The aim with this study was to examine in what amount disabled children in South Africa can live a participating life in society, with focus on special needs schools and their capability to empower the children. The data material has been collected through eight qualitative interviews, and observati... more

Download (651)

View PDF (1366)

Rapid assessment of disability in the Philippines: understanding prevalence, well-being, and access to the community for people with disabilities to inform the W-DARE project

Manjula Marella, Alexandra Devine, Graeme Ferdinand Armecin et al. Population Health Metrics (2016) CC

BioMed Central DOI 10.1186/s12963-016-0096-y

Download (341)

View PDF (332)

CH 5: Effective strategies for detecting maltreatment of children and youth within the context of mental health and developmental assessment.

World Health Organization (2015) C_WHO

(New 2015) Scoping question: Within the context of mental health and developmental assessment of children and youth, what are the effective strategies for detecting maltreatment?

External Link

The contribution of female community health volunteers (FCHVs) to maternity care in Nepal: a qualitative study

Panday, S., P. Bissell , E.van Teijlingen, et al. (2017) CC

BMC Health Services Research (2017) 17:623 DOI 10.1186/s12913-017-2567-7

Download (385)

View PDF (695)

Contextual factors around the sexual abuse of people with disabilities in East Africa

Mary-Ann Waddell & Rob Aley Advantage Africa, FIRAH, Resource Center Applied Research and Disability (2015) C2

Knowledge based upon a descriptive literature review of applied research

Download (313)

View PDF (322)

Tackling antimicrobial use and resistance in pig production: lessons learned in Denmark

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2019) C2

This publication describes an arduous campaign to tackle the use of antimicrobials - specifically antibiotics - in the Danish swine-producing sector thanks to the collaboration between the regulatory sector within the Ministry of Environment and Food, private veterinary practitioners and swine produ... more

Download (341)

View PDF (486)

Community, Reciprocity, and Collaboration: Reflections on Catholic Social Teaching’s Notions of Subsidiarity and Participation

Beckman, M. University of Notre Dame, Indiana (2016) C2

This paper poses two applications of Catholic social teaching’s concepts of subsidiarity and participation to academic community engagement. The first pertains to the very general use of the term community. The second refers to a distinction between reciprocity and collaboration.

Download (270)

View PDF (296)

A Cross-Sectional Study of Disclosure of HIV Status to Children and Adolescents in Western Kenya

R. C. Vreeman; M. L. Scanlon; A. Mwangi; et al. PLOS One (2014) CC

PLOS ONE | www.plosone.org 1 January 2014 | Volume 9 | Issue 1 | e86616

Download (281)

View PDF (436)

Nurses as substitutes for doctors in primary care - Review

Laurant M, van der Biezen M, Wijers N et al. Cochrane Library (2018) CC

Current and expected problems such as ageing, increased prevalence of chronic conditions and multi-morbidity, increased emphasison healthy lifestyle and prevention, and substitution for care from hospitals by care provided in the community encourage countries worldwide to develop new models of prima... more

Download (440)

View PDF (1022)

India’s Disability Policy – Analysis of Core Concepts of Human Rights

Jessica O’Dowd, Hasheem Mannan, Joanne McVeigh (2013) C1