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Antimicrobial Resistance, Fueled by the COVID-19 Pandemic

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2021) C_WHO

Policy Brief November 2021 Available in English, Spanish and Portuguese The COVID-19 pandemic has fueled the ongoing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) global crisis due to the increase in the use of antibiotics to treat COVID-19 patients, disruptions to infection prevention and control practices in o... more

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WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 1: prevention: tuberculosis preventive treatment

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

The WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis: tuberculosis preventive treatment is the companion, implementation guide to the 2020 WHO guidelines on TB preventive treatment.[1] Just as these guidelines are the first to be released under the rubric of the WHO consolidated TB guidelines, this handbook... more

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Vision and eye screening implementation handbook

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

The WHO Vision and eye screening implementation handbook (VESIH) offers a step-by-step guidance for conducting vision and eye screenings in community and primary care settings. The evidence-based interventions are drawn from the WHO Package of eye care interventions and developed with a focus on del... more

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Resource Effective Strategies to Prevent and Treat Cardiovascular Disease

Schwalm, J.; McKee, M.; Huffman, M. et al. Circulation (2016) CC

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global deaths, with the majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The primary and secondary prevention of CVD is suboptimal throughout the world, but the evidence-practice gaps are much more pronounced in LMIC. Barriers at the... more

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The impact of COVID-19 on indigenous peoples in Latin America (Abya Yala): between invisibility and collective resistance

United Nations publication (2021) C2

The health and socioeconomic crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the countries of Latin America hard and laid bare the profound inequities about which numerous international, regional and national reports have sounded warnings in recent decades. In this context, the historical politica... more

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Specifications for Essential Medical Supplies

Ministry of Health, Kenya Ministry of health (2020) C1

August 2020. In December 2018, the President launched the UHC pilot covering four strategically selected counties-Isiolo, Kisumu, Machakos and Nyeri. It isplanned that by the year 2022, all persons in Kenya will be able to use the essential services they need for their health... more

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Considerations for adoption and use of multidisease testing devices in integrated laboratory networks

World Health Organization (2017) C_WHO

Information note.
This information note provides a strategic overview of key implementation considerations for diagnostic integration using these devices, and is primarily intended for use by national laboratory services and TB, HIV, and hepatitis programme managers.
It may also be of inte... more

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A toolkit for mass distribution campaigns to increase coverage and use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets: Communication

The Alliance for Malaria Prevention AMP (2021) CC

This chapter of the AMP LLIN Mass Campaign Toolkit outlines the strategic communication approaches that are essential before, during and after long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN) distribution campaigns. It emphasises the importance of setting up a national communications sub-committee under ... more

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Recommendations on the delivery of health services for the prevention and care of sexually transmitted infections
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

These guidelines promote the delivery of people-centred health services for STIs by providing evidence-based recommendations related to decentralization, integration, task sharing and digital health. These recommendations complement existing WHO guidelines for STI testing, treatment and management, ... more

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Tuberculosis among populations at high risk and people in vulnerable situations. Policy brief

World Health Organization WHO (2025) CC

This policy brief presents a summary of current evidence on vulnerability to TB and proposes interventions for equitable, person-centred, and human rights-based TB prevention and care. It aligns with WHO policies and guidance on TB prevention and screening, management of TB and comorbidities, access... more

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Mass gathering practical guide for simulation exercises and after action reviews

World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

This guide provides strategic direction for host countries, event organizers, health authorities, and key stakeholders to effectively plan and conduct Simulation Exercises (SimEx) and After Action Reviews (AARs) for mass gathering events. Packed with practical tools, it empowers users to seamlessly ... more

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Roadmap towards zero leprosy, Pakistan

World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

The World Health Organization recently redefined leprosy elimination as a phased process, with the first milestone being the interruption of transmission, achieved when no new child cases (defined as younger than 15 years) are reported for five consecutive years. In Pakistan, the well-functioning ... more

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Urban flood risk handbook: Assessing risk and identifying interventions

Ferguson, S.; Van Ledden, M.; Rubinyi, S.; Campos, A.; Doeffinger, T. World Bank (2023) CC

This Urban Flood Risk Handbook: Assessing Risk and Identifying Interventions is a roadmap for conducting an urban flood risk assessment in any city in the world. It includes practical guidance for a flood risk assessment project, covering the key hazard and risk modeling stages as well as the evalua... more

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Qualité de L'Apport des Relais dans la PCIME Communautaire au Bénin; Quality of the contribution of community volunteers in Benin community-based IMCI

Panaveyi Vicky Malou Adom, Edgard Marius Ouendo, Lamidhi Salami, Gado Napo- Koura, Michel Makoutodé Cairn Info (2014) C2

Introduction : de nos jours, face à la pénurie grandissante de personnel de santé qualifié et face au défi de l’atteinte des Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement, la participation communautaire est devenue une réalité incontournable. Dans la zone sanitaire Avrankou Adjarra Ak... more

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Operational handbook on tuberculosis: module 6: tuberculosis and co-morbidities, 3rd ed

World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

Addressing comorbidities and risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) is a crucial component of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s End TB Strategy. This WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 6: tuberculosis and comorbidities aims to support countries in scaling up people-centred care, base... more

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State of the world's hand hygiene

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2021) C_WHO

This report is the first of its kind. It brings together various data sets to present the current status of hand hygiene, highlight lagging progress, and call governments and supporting agencies to action, offering numerous inspiring examples of change. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hand hygiene ... more

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Moving to a strong(er) community health system: analysing the role of community health volunteers in the new national community health strategy in Malawi

Angwenyi, V.; Aantjes, C.; Kondowe, K. et al. BMJ Global Health (2018) CC

Since the Alma Ata Declaration in 1978, community health volunteers (CHVs) have been at the forefront, providing health services, especially to underserved communities, in low-income countries. However, consolidation of CHVs position within formal health systems has proved to be complex and continue... more

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Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: Gaps and priorities going forward

Minja, N.W.; Nakagaayi, D.; Aliku, T. et al. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2022) CC

In 2015, the United Nations set important targets to reduce premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths by 33% by 2030. Africa disproportionately bears the brunt of CVD burden and has one of the highest risks of dying from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. There is currently an epide...miological transition on the continent, where NCDs is projected to outpace communicable diseases within the current decade. Unchecked increases in CVD risk factors have contributed to the growing burden of three major CVDs—hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and atherosclerotic diseasesleading to devastating rates of stroke and heart failure. The highest age standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to hypertensive heart disease (HHD) were recorded in Africa. The contributory causes of heart failure are changing—whilst HHD and cardiomyopathies still dominate, ischemic heart disease is rapidly becoming a significant contributor, whilst rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has shown a gradual decline. In a continent where health systems are traditionally geared toward addressing communicable diseases, several gaps exist to adequately meet the growing demand imposed by CVDs. Among these, high-quality research to inform interventions, underfunded health systems with high out-of-pocket costs, limited accessibility and affordability of essential medicines, CVD preventive services, and skill shortages. Overall, the African continent progress toward a third reduction in premature mortality come 2030 is lagging behind. More can be done in the arena of effective policy implementation for risk factor reduction and CVD prevention, increasing health financing and focusing on strengthening primary health care services for prevention and treatment of CVDs, whilst ensuring availability and affordability of quality medicines. Further, investing in systematic country data collection and research outputs will improve the accuracy of the burden of disease data and inform policy adoption on interventions. This review summarizes the current CVD burden, important gaps in cardiovascular medicine in Africa, and further highlights priority areas where efforts could be intensified in the next decade with potential to improve the current rate of progress toward achieving a 33% reduction in CVD mortality. more

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First, Do No Harm - Examining the impact of the IFC’s support to private healthcare in India

Anjela Taneja and Amitabha Sarkar Oxfam International (2023) CC

This report examines the support to private healthcare provision in India by the World Bank’s private sector arm, the International Finance Corporation (IFC). Despite supporting private healthcare in the country since 1997, no healthcare results for lending and investments have been disclosed sinc... more

Recommendations on the delivery of health services for the prevention and care of sexually transmitted infections recommended

Recommendations on the delivery of health services for the prevention and care of sexually transmitted infections
recommended