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Challenges in management and prevention of ischemic heart disease in low socioeconomic status people in LLMICs

Gupta, R.; Yusuf, S. BMC Medicine (2019) CC

Cardiovascular diseases, principally ischemic heart disease (IHD), are the most important cause of death and disability in the majority of low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs). In these countries, IHD mortality rates are significantly greater in individuals of a low socioeconomic status (... more

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Culture and epidemiology of diabetes in South Asia

Adhikari, B.; Mishra, S.R. journal of global health (2019) CC2

Disease epidemiology has a deeper relationship with the dynamic nature of culture. Health behaviors in general are largely shaped by the cultural norms and customs in a society. A mere identification of a behavior could be only a layer on the outer sphere of a particular disease epidemiology and the... more

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A New Agenda for Mental Health in the Americas: Report of the Pan American Health Organization High-Level Commission on Mental Health and COVID-19

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2024) C_WHO

Unmet mental health needs in the Region of the Americas are a leading source of morbidity and mortality, which result in tremendous health, social, and economic consequences. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the mental health crisis in the Region, necessitating urgent action at the highest leve... more

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Evaluación de la eficacia de los medicamentos antihelmínticos contra la esquistosomiasis y las geohelmintiasis

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2018) C_WHO

En los últimos decenios se han logrado avances significativos en el control de la esquistosomiasis así como de las geohelmintiasis, y la OMS ha trazado una hoja de ruta para guiar la aplicación de las políticas y las estrategias planteadas en Accelerating work to overcome the global impact of ne... more

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Tuberculosis. ¿Es la pandemia ignorada?

Barba, E.; and J. Roberto (2020) C1

Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2020; 67 (2): 93-112: La tuberculosis (TB) es en la actualidad la patología de tipo infeccioso que causa mayor número de muertes alrededor del mundo cada año. La percepción acerca de esta entidad ha cambiado a lo largo del tiempo, ya que se consideraba que se relaciona... more

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Global surveillance, prevention and control of chronic respiratory diseases - a comprehensive approach

Bousquet, J.; Khaltaev, N. (2007) C_WHO

Chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kill more than four million people every year and affect hundreds of millions more. These diseases erode the health and well-being of the patients and have a negative impact on families and societies. Women ... more

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Addressing accountability in NGO advocacy - Practice, principles and prospects of self-regulation

M. Hammer; C. Rooney; S. Warren One World Trust (2010) C2

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Health equity for persons with disabilities: guide for action
recommended

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

An estimated 1.3 billion people globally experience significant disability. This figure has grown over the last decade and will continue to rise due to demographic and epidemiological changes. In 2022, the World Health Organization launched the Global report on health equity for persons with disabil... more

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Pandemic Influenza Risk Management
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C1

A WHO guide to inform & harmonize national & international pandemic preparedness and response The main updates from the 2013 interim guidance are: Alignment with other relevant United Nations policies for crisis and emergency management, and Inclusion of the significant development in re... more

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Protocol to investigate non-seasonal influenza and other emerging acute respiratory diseases

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

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Atlas of Health and Climate

World Health Organization WHO Word Health Organization (2012) C_WHO

The Atlas of health and climate is a product of this unique collaboration between the meteorological and public health communities. It provides sound scientific information on the connections between weather and climate and major health challenges. These range from diseases of poverty to emergencies... more

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Child Health Services in Kenya

Annah Wamae, George Kichamu, Francis Kundu, Irene Muhunzu Kenya Working Papers (2009) C1

Based on further analysis of the 2004 Kenya Service Provision Assessment Survey

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The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises

Watts,N.; N. Amann, M. Arnell, et al. (2020) C1

The Lancet Volume 397, ISSUE 10269, P129-170, January 09, 2021

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Technical guide on community-based rehabilitation and leprosy
recommended

WHOILEP (2007) C_WHO

Meeting the rehabilitation needs of people affected by leprosy and promoting quality of life.

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The Big Catch-Up: An Essential Immunization Recovery Plan for 2023 and Beyond

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The backsliding of immunization coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic, combined with delayed catch-up efforts has resulted in a large and growing immunity gap. There is an urgent need to close this gap, and enable millions of missed children to be vaccinated. The Essential Immunization Recovery Plan... more

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School underachievement and specific learning difficulties

S. Nag; M. Snowling IACAPAP (2012) C2

Developmental disorders Chapter C.3

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Лекарственная терапия при COVID-19

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

Вариативные рекомендации 24 сентября 2021 г. Этот документ представляет собой текущие рекомендации ВОЗ. В них будут вноситься изменения и дополнения, касающиеся нов... more

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International instruments on the use of antimicrobials across the human, animal and plant sectors

the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the World Health Organization (WHO) (2020) C_WHO

The publication provides an overview and analysis of international instruments that set standards related to the use of antimicrobials across the human, animal and plant sectors, and their release into the environment. The purpose of the document is to identify existing instruments and standards in ... more

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Communicating about Vaccine Safety: Guidelines to help health workers communicate with parents, caregivers, and patients

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2020) C_WHO

28 Dec 2020. The main objective of these guidelines is to provide tools for staff working in the field of immunization to support effective communication between health personnel and the general population, with the aim of strengthening, maintaining or recovering trust in vaccines and the immunizati... more

Health equity for persons with disabilities: guide for action recommended

Pandemic Influenza Risk Management recommended

Technical guide on community-based rehabilitation and leprosy recommended

Health equity for persons with disabilities: guide for action
recommended

Pandemic Influenza Risk Management
recommended

Technical guide on community-based rehabilitation and leprosy
recommended