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Climate Risk Country Profile Paraguay

World Bank Group (2021) CC

Climate change is a major risk to good development outcomes, and the World Bank Group is committed to playing an important role in helping countries integrate climate action into their core development agendas. The World Bank Group is committed to supporting client countries to invest in and build a... more

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Philippines: National Demographic and Health Survey 2008

National Statistics Office Manila, Philippines ICF Macro Calverton, Maryland, USA USAID (2009) C1

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Philippines: National Demographic and Health Survey 2013

USAID, Philippine Statistic Authority (2014) C1

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Rehabilitación basada en la comunidad: guías para la RBC - Componente de Salud

World Health Organization (WHO) (2011) C_WHO

Guía para la rehabilitación basada en la comunidad (RBC) En el 2003, una Consulta Internacional para Revisar a Rehabilitación Basada en la Comunidad, celebrada en Helsinki, hizo un número de recomendaciones. Seguidamente, la rehabilitación basada en la comunidad se volvió a posicionar con una... more

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Informe de la Situación Epidemiológica del VIH Paraguay 2015

Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay (2015) C1

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Indicazioni ad interim per la prevenzione e gestione degli ambienti indoor in relazione alla trasmissione dell’infezione da virus SARS-CoV-2

G. Settimo; L. Bertinato; L. Bonadonna; et al. Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS) (2020) C2

Rapporto ISS COVID-19, n. 5/2020 Gruppo di Lavoro ISS Ambiente e Qualità dell’Aria Indoor versione del 23 marzo 2020

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Respuesta de emergencia a la COVID-19 para migrantes y refugiados de Venezuela y las comunidades de acogida: Plan De Participación de Partes Interesadas, Octubre de 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2022) CC

l Plan de Participación de Partes Interesadas (en adelante PPPI) se formula en cumplimiento de las directrices y requisitos que se expresan en el Estándar Ambiental y Social 10 “Participación de las partes interesadas y divulgación de la información” del Banco Mundial (en adelante EAS 10). ... more

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more