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How to Build Healthcare Personnel’s Confidence in COVID-19 Vaccines

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2021) C_CDC

This informational guide presents six strategies for immunization coordinators. It includes tangible actions to promote confidence, communication, and uptake of COVID-19 vaccine, which can help support confidence among providers and patients.

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A safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine is now available

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2021) C_CDC

Fotonovela to promote COVID-19 vaccination. This comic-book style graphic tells the story of a daycare worker’s decision to get vaccinated against COVID-19.

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How to make and use oral rehydration solution (ORS)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2012) C_CDC

The CDC document "How to make oral rehydration solution (ORS)" provides clear, step-by-step instructions for preparing and using ORS to treat dehydration caused by diarrhea. It emphasizes the importance of using clean water, salt, and sugar in precise proportions to create the solution. The document... more

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Occupational exposures to Ebola virus in Ebola treatment center, Conakry, Guinea

Savini H, Janvier F, Karkowski L, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017) C_CDC

Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Aug (Accessed July 18,2017) Abstract: We report 77 cases of occupational exposures for 57 healthcare workers at the Ebola Treatment Center in Conakry, Guinea, during the Ebola virus disease outbreak in 2014-2015. Despite the high incidence of 3.5 occupational exposures/healt... more

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Spending on health and HIV/AIDS: domestic health spending and development assistance in 188 countries, 1995-2015

Global Burden of Disease Health Financing Collaborator Network Lancet (2018) CC

Background: Comparable estimates of health spending are crucial for the assessment of health systems and to optimally deploy health resources. The methods used to track health spending continue to evolve, but little is known about the distribution of spending across diseases. We developed improved e... more

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Special edition: HIV in MSM

I. Steffens; K. Hagmaier; K. Wilson; et al. Eurosurveillance (Europe’s journal on infectious disease epidemiology, prevention and control); European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2015) C2

Eurosurveillance Impact Factor 5.7 June 2015 www.eurosurveillance.org Featuring a series of articles on HIV and STI epidemiology, prevention and control among MSM in Europe

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HEPSA - health emergency preparedness self-assessment tool: User Guide

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) (2018) C1

ECDC launched the HEPSA (Health Emergency Preparedness Self-Assessment) tool, in order to support countries in improving their level of public health emergency preparedness. The tool is worksheet-based and is targeted at professionals in public health organisations responsible for emergency planning... more

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Towards One Health preparedness: expert consultation 11–12 December 2017

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC (2018) CC

Climate change, increasing population densities, and intensified globalisation in trade, travel and migration are among the most important factors shaping the 21st century. Each impacts upon population health and the risk of infectious disease, particularly those originating at the human-animal-envi... more

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Cholera worldwide overview

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) (2025) C2

The ECDC's Cholera Monthly Surveillance page provides up-to-date data on cholera cases reported in Europe and globally. It monitors outbreaks, tracks trends, and analyzes the spread of the disease to support public health responses. The page includes interactive maps, statistics, and reports to help... more

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Improvised Nuclear Device (IND): Community Reception Center (CRC) Questionnaire Bank

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2016) C_CDC

Following a radiation incident such as an improvised nuclear device (IND) detonation, state and local response authorities will need to establish one or more population monitoring and decontamination facilities to assess people for radioactive exposure, contamination, and the need for decontamin... more

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Programme régional de formation et de certification pour les professionnels de la biosécurité et de la biosûreté

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) C1

Biosafety involves the implementation of containment principles, technologies and practices to prevent unintentional exposure to biological agents. Biosecurity involves the protection, control and accountability of biological materials and information related to these materials and dualuse research,... more

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African Union Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2020–2025
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention; World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2021) CC

Reports of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) microorganisms are increasing globally, threatening to render existing treatments ineffective against many infectious diseases. In Africa, AMR has already been documented to be a problem for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the pathogens that cause mala... more

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El programa regional de capacitación y certificación de profesionales en bioseguridad y bioprotección

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) C1

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COVID-19 Managment: Curriculum for Community Health Workers
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C1

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), sub-Saharan Africa has only 3% of the world’s health workers to cater for 11% of the world population, bearing over 25% of the global disease burden (WHO, 2014). With a steady increase in reported cases on the African Continent, the current COVID-1... more

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CDC Rabies training courses

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2023) C2

Website last accessed in 24.03.2023 CDC provides continuing education for professionals involved in rabies prevention and control. While CDC provides some resources directly, others are offered through partnerships and collaborations with other public health entities. This page contains a collec... more

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Emergency water supply planning guide for hospitals and health care facilities

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Water Works Association (2012) C1

In order to maintain daily operations and patient care services, health care facilities need to develop an Emergency Water Supply Plan (EWSP) to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a total or partial interruption of the facilities’ normal water supply. Water supply interruption can be caused... more

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Certified African Regional professionals: Level 1 Biological Waste Management

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2023) CC

The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) Biosafety and Biosecurity Initiative was launched by the Africa CDC in April 2019 with the aim of strengthening the African Union (AU) Member States’ biosafety and biosecurity systems and enabling them to comply with national and i... more

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CDC's Antibiotic Stewardship Training Series

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2019) C_CDC

Welcome to CDC's Antibiotic Stewardship Training Plan. Modules can be taken in any order. Each module can be taken outside of the training plan by going to TRAIN's search page and entering the key words "CDC Training on Antibiotic Stewardship". Select the courses you would like to take and add them... more

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CDC - Trichuriasis

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 24.03.2023 A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food from or at the expense of its host. Parasites can cause disease in humans.

African Union Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2020–2025 recommended

COVID-19 Managment: Curriculum for Community Health Workers recommended

African Union Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2020–2025
recommended

COVID-19 Managment: Curriculum for Community Health Workers
recommended