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Antimicrobial resistance: Policy insights

Victoria Simpkin, LauraSuhlrie, Alastair Wood et al (2016) C1

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Health effects of particulate matter: policy implications for countries in eastern Europe, Caucasus and central Asia

World Health Organization WHO (2013) C_WHO

Despite some improvements, current levels of air pollution still pose a considerable risk to the environment and to human health in the WHO European Region. One issue of concern is that monitoring of particulate matter is very limited in the countries of eastern Europe, the Caucasus and central Asia... more

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Sierra Leone: Mental Health Policy 2010 - 2015

Government of Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation (2010) C1

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NRCS WATSAN Policy

Nepal Red Cross Society (2009) C1

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Uganda: National Adolescent Health Policy

Ministry of Health, Uganda (2004)

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The Development Impact of the War in Ukraine: Initial projections

UNDP (2022) C1

Early data estimates suggest that 90% of the Ukrainian population could be facing poverty and extreme economic vulnerability should the war deepen, setting the country – and the region – back decades and leaving deep social and economic scars for generations to come

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Task-Shifting and Task-Sharing (TSTS) Policy for Essential Health Care Services in Nigeria

Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria (2014) C1

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Republic of Kenya: National Policy on Prevention and Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance

Government of Kenya (2017) C2

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat that requires urgent collaborative action within and among countries. AMR makes standard treatments ineffective and facilitates the spread of antimicrobial resistant infections rendering communities vulnerable. The Ministry of Health (MOH) and Minist... more

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Uganda: Second National Development Plan II 2015/16-2019/20

Government of Uganda (2015) C1

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Mental Health. Fact sheet on sustainable development goals: health target

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

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Task sharing policy guidelines 2017-2030

Ministry of Health, Kenya (2017) C1

Expanding access to quality health services through task sharing

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Transforming Food Systems: Regional policy brief

United Nations UN (2021) C2

Analysis on World about Agriculture, Food and Nutrition and more; published on 23 Sep 2021 by ECA, ECLAC and 3 other organizations

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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The impact of drug policy on health and human rights in Eastern Europe

M. Hoekstra Eurasian Harm Reduction Network (2009) C2

10 years after the UN general assembly special session on drugs

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Global Status Report on Disability and Development. Prototyp 2015

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) (2015) CC

This report situates disability and inclusion within the broader context of sustainable development, with a particular focus on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The paper provides background on the historical role of the UN in promoting inclusion and outlines the current trends and challeng... more