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Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic response on intrapartum care, stillbirth, and neonatal mortality outcomes in Nepal: a prospective observational study

Ashish KC, R. Gurung, M.V Kinney, et al. (2020) CC

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Latest health spending trends: Navigating beyond the recent crises

Mueller M., Morgan D. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2024) CC

With the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing energy and cost-of-living crises, many OECD countries have had to face significant economic and societal challenges over the last five years. The succession of crises has had important implications for health systems and the available resources allocated to... more

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Financing the Pandemic Cycle: Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery and Reconstruction

Fan V. Y., Kim S., Pineda D., et al. Center for Global Development (2024) CC

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical gaps in the global response to health crises, particularly in the financing of pandemic prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, and reconstruction. This chapter presents a comprehensive framework for pandemic financing that spans the entire pandemic cycle... more

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Regional Child Protection Operational Note

International Organization for Migration (IOM) (2025) C2

The Regional Child Protection Operational Note has been developed by IOM and UNICEF’s Regional and Country Offices in North, West and Central Africa as a collaborative inter-agency and cross-regional endeavour within the framework of the sixth phase of the IOM Regional Development and Protection P... more

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Hiding behind the coalition

Human Rights Watch (2018)

Failure to Credibly Investigate and Provide Redress for Unlawful Attacks in Yemen

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Lesotho correctional service HIV and AIDS policy

National AIDS Commission (NAC) and Lesotho Correctional Services (LCS), Government of Lesotho (2009) C2

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SBC Compass Coronavirus Collection

Leibtag, S.; USAID (2020) C1

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Considerations for infection prevention and control measures on public transport in the context of COVID-19

European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ECDC (2020) C_CDC

This document provides advice on personal protective measures on publictransport(e.g. bus, metro, train, commuter boats).

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Central African Republic Humanitarian Fund Annual Report 2020

Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA (2021) CC

Almost two years after the signing of the Political Accord for Peace and Reconciliation (APPR), the Central African population is still hostage to an unstable and unpredictable security environment. Continuing conflicts in several areas of the country, structural weaknesses combined with the socio-e... more

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) update Bangladesh

World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia (2021) C_WHO

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Global medication waste management practices: challenges and opportunities in developing countries

Bataduwaarachchi, V.R.; and C.L.Weeraratne (2016) CC

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 5(6):2290-2294 DOI: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20164081

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Nutrition in the First 1,000 Days: State of the World’s Mothers 2012

Safe the children (2012)

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Central African Republic: National Recovery and Peacebuilding Plan 2017-21

World bank group The World Bank (2017) CC

The Central African Republic is at a major turning point in its history. The country is just emerging from a very violent conflict, during which thousands of human lives were lost and one-third of the population was displaced. After a three-year transition, and with the support of the internationa... more

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Ebola hemorrhagic Fever. Fact Sheet
recommended

Centers of Disease Control CDC (2014)

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Addressing stigma and discrimination in the COVID-19 response

UNAIDS (2020) C_WHO

Applying the evidence of what works from HIV-related stigma and discrimination in six settings to the COVID-19 response This brief provide evidence-informed guidance to countries on the intersection of stigma related to HIV and COVID-19 in national responses.

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Leadership in humanitarian action: Handbook for the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator

Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC (2021) C1

The Handbook is a guide to the normative framework for humanitarian action and the operational approaches, coordination structures, and available tools and services that facilitate the mobilization of humanitarian assistance.

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Support Services for Survivors of Ebola Virus Disease — Sierra Leone, 2014

Seung Hee Lee-Kwan, et al. (2014)

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report December 19, 2014 / 63(50);1205-1206

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Global Assessment of Schistosomiasis Control Over the Past Century Shows Targeting the Snail Intermediate Host Works Best

Sokolow SH, CL Wood, IJ Jones, et al. (2016) CC

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10(7): e0004794. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004794

Ebola hemorrhagic Fever. Fact Sheet recommended

Ebola hemorrhagic Fever. Fact Sheet
recommended