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Cardiovascular diseases in Africa in the twenty-first century: Gaps and priorities going forward

Minja, N.W.; Nakagaayi, D.; Aliku, T. et al. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2022) CC

In 2015, the United Nations set important targets to reduce premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths by 33% by 2030. Africa disproportionately bears the brunt of CVD burden and has one of the highest risks of dying from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide. There is currently an epide...miological transition on the continent, where NCDs is projected to outpace communicable diseases within the current decade. Unchecked increases in CVD risk factors have contributed to the growing burden of three major CVDs—hypertension, cardiomyopathies, and atherosclerotic diseasesleading to devastating rates of stroke and heart failure. The highest age standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to hypertensive heart disease (HHD) were recorded in Africa. The contributory causes of heart failure are changing—whilst HHD and cardiomyopathies still dominate, ischemic heart disease is rapidly becoming a significant contributor, whilst rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has shown a gradual decline. In a continent where health systems are traditionally geared toward addressing communicable diseases, several gaps exist to adequately meet the growing demand imposed by CVDs. Among these, high-quality research to inform interventions, underfunded health systems with high out-of-pocket costs, limited accessibility and affordability of essential medicines, CVD preventive services, and skill shortages. Overall, the African continent progress toward a third reduction in premature mortality come 2030 is lagging behind. More can be done in the arena of effective policy implementation for risk factor reduction and CVD prevention, increasing health financing and focusing on strengthening primary health care services for prevention and treatment of CVDs, whilst ensuring availability and affordability of quality medicines. Further, investing in systematic country data collection and research outputs will improve the accuracy of the burden of disease data and inform policy adoption on interventions. This review summarizes the current CVD burden, important gaps in cardiovascular medicine in Africa, and further highlights priority areas where efforts could be intensified in the next decade with potential to improve the current rate of progress toward achieving a 33% reduction in CVD mortality. more

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Children with disabilities - Ensuring their inclusion in COVID-19 response strategies and evidence generation

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2020) CC

The publication draws on pre-COVID data to highlight how children with disabilities face greater risks in the midst of this pandemic. It documents what has happened to services for children and adults with disabilities across the world and includes examples of what has been done to address disruptio... more

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The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: The Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities

International Disability and Development Consortium (IDDC) and International Disability Alliance (IDA) (2016) CC

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Teachers for All: Inclusive Teaching for Children with Disabilities Collaborating globally to promote Inclusive Development

Ingrid Lewis and Sunit Bagree International Disability and Development Consortium’s Inclusive Education Task Group (2013) CC

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Consideration of Country Reports Paraguay. DisabCouncil's Independent Review

Comittee on the rights of persons with disablities (CRPD) Disability Council International (2012) C1

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Active Participation: Key to Inclusion

CBM and the International Disability Alliance (2016)

Testimonies from Humanitarian Workers with Disabilities. By reading the first-hand accounts, we hear how persons with disabilities, not through any particular talent or skill but from unique knowledge gained through life experience, are ideally placed to provide insights, ideas and leadership, to s... more

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Education for children with disabilities in South Africa - What needs to change

Human Rights Watch (2015) C2

This report is about education for children with disabilities in South Africa.

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“Bangladesh Is Not My Country”. The Plight of Rohingya Refugees from Myanmar

Human Rights Watch (2018) C1

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Central African Republic: Persons with Disabilities Left Behind

Human Rights Watch (2015) C1

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Increasing inclusion of persons with disabilities

Dr Jean-François Trani and Dr Betsy VanLeit Leonard Cheshire Disability and Inclusive Development Centre, UCL (2010) C1

Reflections from disability research using the ICF in Afghanistan and Cambodia | Working Paper Series: No. 11

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Including Children with Disabilities in Primary School: The Case of Mashonaland, Zimbabwe

Marcella Deluca, Carlo Tramontano, Maria Kett Leonard Cheshire Disability and Inclusive Development Centre (2014) C2

Working Paper Series: No. 26

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Youth with disabilities

Burton Blatt Institute at Syracuse University and the Secretariat for the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, UNDESA (2013) C2

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“Eles ficam até morrer”.Uma vida de isolamento e negligência em instituições para pessoas com deficiência no Brasil

Human Rights Watch (2018) C1

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Using the Key Informant Method to identify children with disabilities: A working guide

Islay Mactaggart International Centre for Evidence in Disability (ICED), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (2015) C1

Funded by CBM: www.cbm.org

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Developing Cultural Competence in Disaster Mental Health Programs

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2003) C2

Guiding Principles and Recommendations

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Evaluating the impact of a community–based parent training programme for children with Cerebral Palsy in Ghana

International Centre for Evidence in Disability (ICED); London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) ; University of Malawi , et al. CBM (2017)

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FAMILIARIZÁNDONOS CON LA PARÁLISIS CEREBRAL

International Centre for Evidence in Disability (ICED); London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) ; CBM; et al (2014)

Trabajando con grupos de madres y padres – un recurso de capacitación para facilitadores, madres y padres, cuidadores, y personas con parálisis cerebral

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Patient Decontamination in a Mass Chemical Exposure Incident: National Planning Guidance for Communities

US Department of Homeland Security, US Department of Health and Human Services (2014) C1

"Patient decontamination principles are set forth here from a strategic perspective, rather than a tactical one. The principles are meant to guide, but not specify, operational practices. The guidance is evidencebased to the extent possible and the supporting evidence is documented and briefly dis... more

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CBM Inclusion Policy Framework

Christoffel Blinden Mission (CBM) (2018)

Accessed online July 2018 |

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Cost of exclusion from healthcare - The case of migrants in an irregular situation

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (2015) C1

This report aims to estimate the economic cost of providing regular access to healthcare for migrants in an irregular situation, compared with the cost of providing treatment in emergency cases only. Two specific medical conditions – hypertension and prenatal care – were selected as examples, an... more