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Publication Years
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The main objectives of ERLI-Net are to carry out virological surveillance of human influenza and to ensure that data are shared through the European Influenza Surveillance Network (EISN) reporting m
...
echanisms in a timely manner.
more
National Guidelines for Clinical Management of Dengue Syndrome - 4rd Edition
Prof. Dr. A. K. Azad; Prof. Dr. S. Tahamina; Prof. Q. T. Islam; et al.
Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh DGHS Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health and Family Welfare ; World Health Organization (Bangladesh)
(2018)
C2
4th Edition 2018
National Malaria Elimination & Aedes Transmitted Disease Control Program
Disease
...
Control Unit Directorate General of Health Services
more
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a leading cause of death in the African region, surpassing fatalities from malaria, HIV, and TB. In response to this critical threat, the region has adopted the AMR Global Action Plan and the African Uni
...
on Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2020 – 2025, which is tailored to meet the specific needs of African nations through a coordinated approach. While most countries in the region have developed and prioritized National Action Plans (NAPs) to tackle AMR, the overall response remains inadequate given the magnitude of the threat, which endangers human, animal, environmental, aquatic, and plant health.
more
Mpox can spread in humans through close contact, usually skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact, with an infected person or animal, as well as with materials contaminated with the virus such as clothing, beddings and towels, and respiratory droplets in prolonged face to face contact. People
...
remain infectious from the onset of symptoms until all the lesions have scabbed and healed. The virus may spread from infected animals through handling infected meat or through bites or scratches. Diagnosis is confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of material from a lesion for the virus’s DNA.
more
Nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance are two special health issues listed in Annex 1 of Commission Decision 2000/96/EC of 22 December 1999 on the communicable diseases to be progressiv
...
ely covered by the Community network under Decision No 2119/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.
Nosocomial infections correspond to infections acquired in hospitals. The term “Healthcare-associated infections” is now preferred because it includes not only infections acquired in hospitals, but also in other settings where healthcare is provided, e.g. long-term care facilities, nursing homes, home care, etc.
more
Mass population movements have accounted for the emergence of Chagas disease (CD) outside endemic regions,
including the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA). The parasite responsible for
...
causing CD,
Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), can be transmitted through substances of human origin (SoHO), such as blood
transfusions and organ transplantations [1], posing a risk to the recipients. This, together with congenital
transmission, is of increasing concern in non-endemic countries
more
March 2020
This document provides a high-level mapping of outbreak stages with guidance on how to time the minimum uptake of different interventions that have been recommended by Africa CDC, driven
...
by evidence and science.
more
The document “Guidelines for Writing Outbreak Investigation Reports” by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control provides practical guidance on how to prepare clear, structured, an
...
d scientifically sound reports after investigating a disease outbreak. It is mainly intended for epidemiologists and public health professionals, particularly participants in the ECDC Fellowship Programme. The guide explains the purpose of outbreak investigation reports and describes the recommended structure and content of such reports, including sections such as background, objectives, methods, results, and conclusions. It also outlines how to present epidemiological, laboratory, and environmental findings, interpret the results, and formulate public health recommendations. Overall, the document aims to standardize outbreak reporting, improve the quality and clarity of reports, and ensure that investigation findings can effectively support public health decision-making and future outbreak prevention.
more
ECDC proposed case definition for surveillance of Zika virus infection
Injury to the skin and underlying tissues from acute exposure to
a large external dose of radiation is referred to as cutaneous
radiation injury (CRI). Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) 1 will
usually be accompani
...
ed by some skin damage; however, CRI
can occur without symptoms of ARS. This is especially true with
acute exposures to beta radiation or low-energy x-rays, because
beta radiation and low-energy x-rays are less penetrating and less
likely to damage internal organs than gamma radiation is. CRI can
occur with radiation doses as low as 2 Gray (Gy) or 200 rads 2 and
the severity of CRI symptoms will increase with increasing doses.
Most cases of CRI have occurred when people inadvertently came
in contact with unsecured radiation sources from food irradiators,
radiotherapy equipment, or well depth gauges. In addition, cases of
CRI have occurred in people who were overexposed to x-radiation
from fluoroscopy units.
more
Carbapenems are a major last-line class of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections.The spread of carbapenem-resistant infections is a threat to healthcare andpatient safety in Europe as it serious
...
ly curtails the ability to cure infections. The spread of carbapenem-resistant infections is a threat to healthcare and patient safety in Europe as it seriously curtails the ability to cure infections.
more
Dentists are uniquely positioned to play a role in pre enting the spread of antibiotic resistance. Here are se en simple “how-tos” for safe, appropriate antibiotic prescribing and use when treating dental infections
ECDC is now offering a series of micro learning activities related to COVID-19 (the disease causing the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak). The e-learning activities are available in the ECDC Virtual
...
Academy (EVA). https://eva.ecdc.europa.eu/mod/scorm/view.php?id=9691
The short e-learning activities provide guidance on the application of non-pharmaceutical countermeasures and include five sessions.
1. Introduction to COVID-19 NPC
2. Personal protection against COVID-19
3. Environmental countermeasures against COVID-19
4. Social distancing countermeasures against COVID-19
5. Travel-related countermeasures against COVID-19
more
The toolkit offers advice on how national public health authorities could engage with primary care prescribers so as to promote appropriate and responsible use of antibiotics. The toolkit contains template materials and some suggest
...
ed key messages for health professionals, ideas for awareness raising activities, and suggested tactics for getting the messages across to both primary care providers and patients regarding prudent use of antibiotics.
more
Know the facts about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and help stop the spread of rumors.
It is intended for use among clinicians taking care of moderate to severe COVID-19 cases.
The COVID-19 outbreak has brought with it the need for improved critical care for patients who develop severe dise
...
ase. The majority of COVID-19 patients present with mild to moderate illness, 15% develop severe illness and about 5% develop critical conditions needing intensive care unit (ICU) care, requiring noninvasive or invasive ventilation
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ummer is here and there are a lot of great opportunities for people to gather and enjoy themselves. Public health authorities are working together with event organisers and civil society organisations to reach out to people attending events, includi
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ng at-risk groups, about monkeypox in Europe. This toolkit, jointly created by the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), provides them with customisable tools on monkeypox for mass gatherings, both for consideration and use.
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PROGRAM DESCRIPTION: Course is designed to increase knowledge and develop competency in the management of patients suspected of infection with dengue virus.
Websites last accessed on 31.03.2023
Dengue testing guidance according to days of symptom onset.
The document provides a standardized protocol for evaluating the Early Warning Alert and Response Network (EWARN), a surveillance system used during humanitarian emergencies when regular national health surveillance may be disrupted. The purpose of
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EWARN is to detect outbreaks of communicable diseases early and enable rapid public health response. The guidance explains how the system should be assessed in terms of its structure, implementation, effectiveness, and usefulness. It outlines the key steps of evaluation: preparation, system description, data collection, and post-evaluation reporting. The protocol highlights common challenges observed in previous EWARN implementations, such as delays in establishing the system, limited data quality, weak outbreak response, and lack of clear transition plans back to routine surveillance systems. It emphasizes the need to evaluate both weekly disease reporting and alert verification processes, and to review attributes such as simplicity, data quality, timeliness, sensitivity, and stability. The document also provides templates for interviews, data review forms, and laboratory assessment, as well as guidance on conducting remote evaluations when access is limited. The overall goal of the protocol is to ensure that EWARN functions effectively to detect and respond to outbreaks and that practical recommendations are developed to improve the system’s performance and sustainability in emergency settings.
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