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The National Strategic Plan for comprehensive and multi-sectoral response to HIV/AIDS III (2011-2015) in Cambodia

National AIDS Authority (2010) CC

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Towards Mapping the Fiscal Space: Health Sector Financing Strategy in Mozambique

N’weti, Wemos (2024) CC

This paper was commissioned by N´weti and Wemos as part of the project “Equitable health financing for a strong health system in Mozambique”. Its purpose is to contribute to the debate of the Mozambican Ministry of Health’s draft Health Sector Financing Strategy (HSFS) 2025 – 2034

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Africa’s Health Financing in a New Era

Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) (2025) CC

Africa’s health sector is facing an unprecedented financing crisis, driven by a sharp decline of 70% in Official Development Assistance (ODA) from 2021 to 2025 and deep-rooted structural vulnerabilities. This collapse is placing immense pressure on Africa’s already fragile health systems as ODA ...is seen as the backbone of critical health programs: pandemic preparedness, maternal and child health services, disease control programs are all at risk, threatening Sustainable Development Goal 3 and Universal Health Coverage. Compounding this is Africa’s spiraling debt, with countries expected to service USD 81 billion by 2025—surpassing anticipated external financing inflows—further eroding fiscal space for health investments. Level of domestic resources is low. TThe Abuja Declaration of 2001, a pivotal commitment made by African Union (AU) member states, aimed to reverse this trend by pledging to allocate at least 15% of national budgets to the health sector. However, more than two decades later, only three countries—Rwanda, Botswana, and Cabo Verde—have consistently met or exceeded this target (WHO, 2023). In contrast, over 30 AU member states remain well below the 10% benchmark, with some allocating as little as 5–7% of their national budgets to health. In addition, only 16 (29%) of African countries currently have updated versions of National Health Development Plan (NHDP) supported by a National Health Financing Plan (NHFP). These two documents play a critical role in driving internal resource mobilisation. At the same time, public health emergencies are surging, rising 41%—from 152 in 2022 to 213 in 2024—exposing severe under-resourcing of health infrastructure and workforce. Recurring outbreaks (Mpox, Ebola, cholera, measles, Marburg…) alongside effects of climate change and humanitarian crises in Eastern DRC, the Sahel, and Sudan, are overwhelming systems stretched by chronic underfunding. The situation is worsened by Africa’s heavy dependency with over 90% of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics being externally sourced—leaving countries vulnerable to global supply chain shocks. Health worker shortages persist, with only 2.3 professionals per 1,000 people (below the WHO’s recommended 4.45), and fewer than 30% of systems are digitized, undermining disease surveillance and early warning. Without decisive action, Africa CDC projects the continent could reverse two decades of health progress, face 2 to 4 million additional preventable deaths annually, and a heightened risk of a pandemic emerging from within. Furthermore, 39 million more Africans could be pushed into poverty by 2030 due to intertwined health and economic shocks. This is not just a sectoral crisis—it is an existential threat to Africa’s political, social, and economic resilience, and global stability. In response, African leaders, under Africa CDC’s stewardship, are advancing a comprehensive three-pillar strategy centered on domestic resource mobilization, innovative financing, and blended finance. more

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Technical note on accelerating P. falciparum elimination in the Americas

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2023) C_WHO

This technical note provides guidance on actions to accelerate P. falciparum elimination in areas close to achieving this goal without compromising unified malaria elimination efforts (P. vivax - P. falciparum), while contributing to the country's ultimate goal of eliminating malaria overall.

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Pregnant adolescents and nurses perspectives on accessibility and utilization of maternal and child health information in Ohangwena Region, Namibia

Shatilwe, J. T.; Hlongwana, K.; Mashamba-Thompson, T. P. (2022) CC2

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022 Apr 5;22(1):284. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04619-w. Adolescent reproductive health is still a challenge in Low and Middle Income Come Countries (LMICs). However, the reasons for the inability of most pregnant adolescent girls to access and utilize maternal and child heal... more

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Malaria vaccines: the 60‑year journey of hope and final success—lessons learned and future prospects

El‑Moamly, A.A.; and M. A. El‑Sweify (2023) CC

Tropical Medicine and Health (2023) 51:29

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Handbook on Vector Control in Malaria Elimination for the WHO African Region

World Health Organisation WHO, Regional Office for Africa (2015) C_WHO

Vector control, alongside case management, remains the most effective approach to controlling and eliminating malaria. Key interventions, such as indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), have significantly reduced malaria transmission in many African countries. This... more

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Manual for Parasitological Surveillance in Prevention of Re-introduction/Re-establishment of Malaria in Sri Lanka

Anti-Malaria Campaign (AMC), Sri Lanka Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka (2019) C2

The Manual for Parasitological Surveillance in Prevention of Reintroduction or Re-establishment of Malaria in Sri Lanka (2019) provides guidelines to health professionals on how to conduct effective malaria surveillance to prevent the reintroduction of the disease in Sri Lanka, which was certified m... more

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National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan (NMESP) 2024–2028

National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP) Ghana Health Service - Ministry of Health, Ghana (2023) C2

The National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan (NMESP) 2024–2028 of Ghana outlines the country’s roadmap to shift from malaria control to elimination. Despite major progress—like reducing malaria deaths from nearly 2,800 in 2012 to 151 in 2022—malaria remains a major public health challenge... more

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National Malaria Strategic Plan (NMSP) of Vietnam: 2021 – 2025

Ministry of Health (MOH) Vietnam, Vietnam (2020) C2

The National Strategic Plan on Malaria Prevention and Elimination Period 2021 – 2025 seeks to build on the previous national successes of the National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology (NIMPE) while addressing current challenges to reduce the overall burden of malaria in the S... more

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International code of conduct on pesticide management: guidance on options for reducing risk when phasing out pesticides

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO and World Health Organization WHO (2025) CC

This guidance covers different options for banning or phasing out a pesticide and suggests related risk reduction measures to be taken during the phase-out period. A key focus of this guidance is how to take action to manage, prevent, minimize, and communicate about identified risks during the imple... more

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Prevention and Care for Child Survivors SOP

Child Protection Area of Responsibility; Gender Based Violence Area of Responsibility; Protection Cluster; UN Children's Fund UNICEF; United Nations Population Fund UNFPA (2025) CC

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES - PREVENTION AND CARE FOR CHILD SURVIVORS

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Exposure to health damaging air pollutants: technical brief

World Health Organization WHO (2025) C_WHO

Exposure to air pollution has significant adverse health effects, leading to nearly 1 in every 8 deaths globally. Air pollution affects all age groups, from unborn children to older people, in both high- and low-income nations.

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National Strategic Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases | 2021 - 2026

Word Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) have emerged as conditions of great public health concern in Kenya accounting for 39% of deaths annually. The Ministry of Health through the Department of Non-Communicable Diseases has adopted the vision of achieving a nation free from preventable burden of NCDs. Fur... more

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Continental Cholera Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan for Africa 1.0
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Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2025) CC

This document outlines the plan for a continental cholera prevention and control with the implementation framework for the Cholera IMST, detailing its governance structure, strategic priorities, and operational modalities

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World Drug Report 2022 Booklet 2 Global Overview of Drug Demand and Supply

United Nations Office on Drug and Crime UNODC (2022) C1

Constituting the second part of the World Drug Report 2022, the present booklet contains an overview of the global demand for and supply of drugs. The first chapter of the booklet begins with the latest estimates of the number of people who use drugs, the distribution of those users by type of drug... more

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Measuring the availability of human resources for health and its relationship to universal health coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019
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GBD 2019 Human Resources for Health Collaborators The Lancet (2022) CC

A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Vol.399 Issue 10341 p.2129-2154 Human resources for health (HRH) include a range of occupations that aim to promote or improve human health. The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the WHO Health Workforce 2030 s... more

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Snapshot report: The state of communication, community engagement and accountability across the Ukraine response (30 September 2022)

CDAC Network Reliefweb OCHA Services (2022) C2

Since the first edition of the CDAC snapshot of communication, community engagement and accountability (CCEA) across the Ukraine response was published in May 2022, a conscious effort has been made by international, national and local responders to ramp up CCEA action. Progress has been made in esta... more

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The POPI act vs Medical Records

Prof Frank Peters Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria South Africa (2020) CC

The Protection of Personal Information (POPI) Act Confidentiality: providing and protecting information • Health care practitioners hold information about patients that is private and sensitive. • The National Health Act (Act No. 61 of 2003) provides that this information must not be given to... more

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Legal environment Assessment for HIV in Ukraine

USAID (U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief) (2017) C2

Continental Cholera Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan for Africa 1.0 recommended New

Measuring the availability of human resources for health and its relationship to universal health coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 recommended

Continental Cholera Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan for Africa 1.0
recommended

New

Measuring the availability of human resources for health and its relationship to universal health coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019
recommended