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South African cardiovascular risk stratification guideline for non-cardiac surgery

Alphonsus, C.; Naidoo, N.; Motshabi, P. et al. South African Medical Journal (2021) CC

The South African (SA) guidelines for cardiac patients for non-cardiac surgery were developed to address the need for cardiac risk assessment and risk stratification for elective non-cardiac surgical patients in SA, and more broadly in Africa. The guidelines were developed by updating the Canadian ...Cardiovascular Society Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiac Risk Assessment and Management for Patients Who Undergo Non-cardiac Surgery, with a search of literature from African countries and recent publications. The updated proposed guidelines were then evaluated in a Delphi consensus process by SA anaesthesia and vascular surgical experts. The recommendations in these guidelines are: 1. We suggest that elective non-cardiac surgical patients who are 45 years and older with either a history of coronary artery disease, congestive cardiac failure, stroke or transient ischaemic attack, or vascular surgical patients 18 years or older with peripheral vascular disease require further preoperative risk stratification as their predicted 30-day major adverse cardiac event (MACE) risk exceeds 5% (conditional recommendation: moderate-quality evidence). 2. We do not recommend routine non-invasive testing for cardiovascular risk stratification prior to elective non-cardiac surgery in adults (strong recommendation: low-to-moderate-quality evidence). 3. We recommend that elective non-cardiac surgical patients who are 45 years and older with a history of coronary artery disease, or stroke or transient ischaemic attack, or congestive cardiac failure or vascular surgical patients 18 years or older with peripheral vascular disease should have preoperative natriuretic peptide (NP) screening (strong recommendation: high-quality evidence). 4. We recommend daily postoperative troponin measurements for 48 - 72 hours for non-cardiac surgical patients who are 45 years and older with a history of coronary artery disease, or stroke or transient ischaemic attack, or congestive cardiac failure or vascular surgical patients 18 years or older with peripheral vascular disease, i.e. (i) a baseline risk >5% for MACE 30 days after elective surgery (if no preoperative NP screening), or (ii) an elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)/N-terminal-prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurement before elective surgery (defined as BNP >99 pg/mL or a NT-proBNP >300 pg/mL) (conditional recommendation: moderate-quality evidence). Additional recommendations are given for the management of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) and medications for comorbidities. more

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Food for life: Ifyakulya fya mweo: Efyo bana mayo bafwile ukulya pabukulu

Medical Aid Films (2015) C1

This film is the Bemba version of our English film: Food for Life - What Pregnant Women Need to Eat

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Role of health systems in improving childhood nutrition in India

R..R. Ved; A. Jain Public Health Foundation India (2011) CC

This paper focuses on the role of health systems in improving child nutrition and also acknowledges that need to adequately address key determinants, improve governance and enhance civil society action for accountability in order to make progress towards improving child nutrition

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WHO’s Science in 5 Episode #34: Vaccines, variants and mass gatherings

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

How much protection does the current batch of COVID-19 vaccines provide us? Would you need a booster shot for new variants? What does science and evidence tell us about mass gatherings and the spread of COVID-19? WHO’s Chief Scientist Dr Soumya Swaminathan explains in Science in 5 this week.

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Ukraine received more than 700K doses of tetanus-diphtheria vaccine from UNICEF

UN Childrern's Fund Reliefweb OCHA Services (2021) C_UNICEF

To survive and thrive from early childhood through to adolescence and beyond, children need to be healthy. This enables them to access education so that every child in Ukraine, irrespective of background or circumstance, has an equal chance to fulfill their potential. To ensure children thrive and ... more

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WHO: GO Training Package Course

World Health Organization (2015) C_WHO

All personnel deployed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to any type of public health or humanitarian emergency need to have basic knowledge and skills to perform effectively and safely. That is why it is essential to be trained prior to deployment. GO training is a comprehensive package of mod... more

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Let’s limit our daily consumption of Sugar, Salt and Fat

World Food Programme (WPF) World Food Programme (WPF) (2022) CC

The documents promote balanced nutrition and healthy eating habits, emphasizing the need to limit daily consumption of sugar, salt, and fat while educating about the essential roles of food for energy, growth, and regulation. They are designed as educational resources for children, parents, and educ... more

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Free to be me

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) (2013)

A comic book guide for young people on how to live happily and healthily with HIV in their lives. In this booklet, young people share their stories about living with HIV and staying healthy in Namibia today. You will find out everything you need to know about living happily and healthily with HIV. I... more

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Pregnant Women for COVID-19 Vaccination

Ministry of Health& Family Welfare, Goverment of India (2021) CC

As a Frontline Health Care Worker or a Vaccinator, you need to counsel pregnant women about the availability, value and precautions regarding the COVID-19 vaccine. This note provides you with the information that you need to educate and support pregnant women so that they can make an informed decisi... more

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Continuing care during COVID-19: adopting lifesaving approaches to treat acute malnutrition

International Rescue Committee (2020) C2

The risk of increasing rates of acute malnutrition during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates the urgent need to adapt, and expand access to, acute malnutrition diagnosis and treatment services in humanitarian and fragile contexts.

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Oxygen Cylinder Safety

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

This poster is intended for health workers and other personnel on the safety and mitigation measures that need to be adhered to when dealing with medical oxygen. Medical oxygen, either in liquid or gas form, is an oxidizing agent that can result in a fire or explosion if not handled properly.

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Patient Safety Checklist

Patient Safety & Quality Healthcare CRG Medical Foundation for Patient Safe (2004) CC

Patient Safety Checklist This checklist will help you write down information your doctor and nurse may need.

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Medical Oxygen Fire Risk – Mitigation Measures

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

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Interim Guidance for Humanitarian Workers

Centers of Disease Control CDC (2013)

Travelers planning to conduct humanitarian work in areas where outbreaks of Ebola hemorrhagic fever and Marburg hemorrhagic fever are known to occur need to be familiar with how Ebola virus and Marburg virus are transmitted

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Africa CDC Consortium for COVID-19 Vaccine Clinical Trials (CONCVACT)

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C1

August 2020, The Africa Joint Continental Strategy for COVID-19 is underpinned by the need to limit transmission, prevent deaths and reduce associated harms. Participation by African nations in clinical trials is an essential step to ensure that sufficient data is generated on the safety and efficac... more

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Medical Gas Piping Systems Safety

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

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Online NGO Assessment Tool

NGO Academy (2015) C2

The value of this assessment is both in the DOING and in the outcome. You do need to keep in mind the maturity of your organization and not expect that a newly formed NGO have in place many of the mechanisms and structures mentioned in the assessment form. But this does give the interested NGO... more

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Encouraging Public Officials to Lead on Climate and Health

Medical Society Consortium on Climate and Health (2022) CC

The Medical Society Consortium on Climate and Health shares a communication guide for health professionals to effectively communicate with public officials on the need for climate action. In seven steps, the guide provides prompts and examples on how to frame climate issues in a way public officials... more

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Guidelines for the appropriate use of herbal medicines

World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for the Western Pacific (1998) C_WHO

WHO Regional Publications, Western Pacific Series No. 23
Reports the findings and recommendations of a working group convened to prepare guidelines for the use of herbal medicines in Western Pacific countries. Addressed to national health authorities, the report responds to the widespread use o... more

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Guidelines for the Structure of Public Health Entomology Laboratories

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) (2019) C_WHO

This document provides countries with recommendations for structuring a public health entomology laboratory network. The document will help countries to identify their areas of need and determine how the entomology network can be strengthened, especially in the context of a decentralized health syst... more