the aid library

LIST OPTIONS

Filter

8859

Government policy interventions to reduce human antimicrobial use: A systematic review and evidence map

Van Katwyk, S. R.; Grimshaw, J. M.; et al (2019) C2

BACKGROUND: Growing political attention to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) offers a rare opportunity for achieving meaningful action. Many governments have developed national AMR action plans, but most have not yet implemented policy interventions to reduce antimicrobial overuse. A systematic evidenc...e map can support governments in making evidence-informed decisions about implementing programs to reduce AMR, by identifying, describing, and assessing the full range of evaluated government policy options to reduce antimicrobial use in humans. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Seven databases were searched from inception to January 28, 2019, (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PAIS Index, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and PubMed). We identified studies that (1) clearly described a government policy intervention aimed at reducing human antimicrobial use, and (2) applied a quantitative design to measure the impact. We found 69 unique evaluations of government policy interventions carried out across 4 of the 6 WHO regions. These evaluations included randomized controlled trials (n = 4), non-randomized controlled trials (n = 3), controlled before-and-after designs (n = 7), interrupted time series designs (n = 25), uncontrolled before-and-after designs (n = 18), descriptive designs (n = 10), and cohort designs (n = 2). From these we identified 17 unique policy options for governments to reduce the human use of antimicrobials. Many studies evaluated public awareness campaigns (n = 17) and antimicrobial guidelines (n = 13); however, others offered different policy options such as professional regulation, restricted reimbursement, pay for performance, and prescription requirements. Identifying these policies can inform the development of future policies and evaluations in different contexts and health systems. Limitations of our study include the possible omission of unpublished initiatives, and that policies not evaluated with respect to antimicrobial use have not been captured in this review. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first study to provide policy makers with synthesized evidence on specific government policy interventions addressing AMR. In the future, governments should ensure that AMR policy interventions are evaluated using rigorous study designs and that study results are published. more

Download (273)

View PDF (546)

Lineamientos para el diagnóstico, abordaje en el período agudo y seguimiento post COVID-19 de niños, niñas y adolescentes

Ministerio de Salud Lineamientos para el diagnóstico, abordaje en el período agudo y seguimiento post COVID-19 de niños, niñas y adolescentes Programa Nacional de Salud Escolar (PROSANE) y Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría (SAP) Ministerio de Salud Argentina (2021) CC

Guidelines for diagnosis, acute care and post-COVID-19 follow-up for children and adolescents

External Link

Sexual health: Preventing sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS

Maxwell, J.; J. Watts Belser, D. David Hesperian (2007) C1

A Health Handbook for Women with Disabilities > Chapter 8

External Link

Introduction: Leptospirosis Fact Sheet

World Health Organization WHO (2009) C_WHO

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic organisms belonging to the genus Leptospira, that are transmitted directly or indirectly from animals to humans. Leptospirosis is a major direct zoonosis. Humanto-human transmission occurs only very rarely.

Download (326)

View PDF (450)

PAHO’s Health Emergency Appeal 2023

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

This document outlines PAHO’s regional priorities for the year 2023 to sustain and scale up health emergency and humanitarian assistance in the Americas, with a focus on five priority countries currently facing a prolonged humanitarian crisis and recovering from recent acute emergencies: Colombia,... more

External Link

PACK Global Adult - Practical Aproach to Care Kit

BMJ PACK (2018) CC

The Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK) is a health systems improvement programme designed to support the work of primary care health workers in underserved communities (like doctors, nurses, midwives, health officers, community health practitioners), strengthen the health services in which they w... more

Download (352)

View PDF (377)

Mental Health in the times of COVID-19 Pandemic

National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru India; Dept. of Psychiatry (2020) CC

Guidance for General Medical and Specialised Mental Health Care Settings

Download (335)

View PDF (235)

Engaging and supporting National Public Health Institutes as Key Climate Actors

International Association of National Public Health Institutes (2021) CC

The roadmap highlights and advocates for the existing and potential key role of national public health institutes (NPHIs) in climate adaptation and mitigation, and how they contribute to climate policies, research and action.

Download (303)

View PDF (292)

Biobehavioural Survey Guidelines

A. Abdul-Quader, M. Berry, T. Bingham; et al. UNAIDS; World Health Organization; fhi360; et al. (2017) C_WHO

Global HIV Strategic Information Working Group For Populations At Risk For HIV

External Link

Pandemic influenza preparedness and response WHO guidance document

World Health Organization (2009)

This document should be used in conjunction with the WHO checklist for influenza preparedness planning published by the World Health Organization in 2005. Available in English; Chinese; French

Download (507)

View PDF (633)

Chemical Weapons: A Summary Report of Characteristics and Effects

Shea, DA Congressional Research Service (2013) C2

The potential for terrorist use of chemical agents is a noted concern highlighted by the Tokyo sarin gas attacks of 1995. The events of September 11, 2001, increased congressional attention towards reducing the vulnerability of the United States to such unconventional attacks. The possibility that... more

Download (255)

View PDF (364)

Turning the Tide Against HIV and Tuberculosis

The Global Fund To fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (2019) C2

Global Fund Investment Guidance for Eastern Europe and Central Asia Accessed: 29.09.2019

Download (1821)

View PDF (1599)

Bridging the Gap: IEC 4 LGBTI

Mary Leakey et al. COC Netherlands and Columbia University – ICAP (South Africa) (2015) CC

A Handbook to Support Strengthening of Organisational Capacity in Developing Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Materials for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex (LGBTI) People in Southern Africa Accessed 7 July 2015

External Link

TB and the NSP - Are we on track?

Spotlight NSP (2013) C2

NSP Review Engaging with South Africa’s National Strategic Plan for HIV, STIs and TB Edition 7 July – August 2013 A publication of the Treatment Action Campaign and SECTION27 GeneXpert: An imperfect rollout TB in South African prisons: Where to now? Decentralising DR-TB care: How far alon... more

Download (341)

View PDF (394)

Prevention of Depression and Promotion of Resilience. Consensus Paper

Pim Cuijpers, Laura Shields-Zeeman, Bethany Hipple Walters, Ionela Petrea European Union EU (2016) CC

EU Compass for Action on Mental Health and Well-being

Download (829)

View PDF (1692)

Gambia: Ebola Virus preparedness Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) DREF Operation n° MDRGM009

International Federation of Red Cross And Red Crescent Societies (2015)

In February 2014, there was an outbreak of the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Guinea, which has spread to Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal and Sierra Leone causing untold hardship and hundreds of deaths in these countries. As of 6 March 2015, a total of 24,282 cases, and 9,976 deaths, which were attrib... more

Download (293)

View PDF (627)

The ACT-Accelerator: Two years of impact

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The two-year impact report for the Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator details impact, case studies and timelines of key milestones for the Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Vaccines pillars, as well as the Health Systems and Response Connector.

Download (280)

View PDF (270)

WHO policy brief: COVID-19 testing, 14 September 2022

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes the challenges countries face for maintaining their COVID-19 response while addressing competing public health challenges, conflicts, climate change and economic crises. It remains critical for national programmes to continue to offer testing for COVI... more

External Link

Lymphatic Filariasis Increases Tissue Compressibility and Extracellular Fluid in Lower Limbs of Asymptomatic Young People in Central Myanmar

Douglass, Janet; Graves, Patricia; Lindsay, Daniel et al. (2017) CC

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 2017, 2(4), 50
This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data in a longitudinal study on asymptomatic, LF antigen-positive and -negative young people in Myanmar. Rapid field screening was used to identify antigen-positive cases and a group of antige... more

Download (1115)

View PDF (1393)

How effective are community health workers?

Henry Perry; Rose Zulliger John Hopkins Bloomberg University (2012)

An Overview of Current Evidence with Recommendations for Strengthening Community Health Worker Programs to Accelerate Progress in Achieving the Health-related Millennium Development Goals