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The Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK) guide: developing a clinical decision support tool to simplify, standardise and strengthen primary health care delivery

Cornick, Picken, Wattrus et al. BMJ Global Health Journal (2018) CC

For the primary health worker in a low/middle-income country (LMIC) setting, delivering quality primary care is challenging. This is often complicated by clinical guidance that is out ... more

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Qualitative assessment of community health workers’ perspective on their motivation in community-based primary health care in rural Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M.B. et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) CC

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have a positive impact on the provision of community-based primary health ... care through screening, treatment, referral, psychosocial support, and accompaniment. With a broad scope of work, CHW programs must balance the breadth and depth of tasks to maintain CHW motivation for high-quality care delivery. Few studies have described the CHW perspective on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to enhance their programmatic activities. Methods: We utilized an exploratory qualitative study design with CHWs employed in the household model in Neno District, Malawi, to explore their perspectives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and dissatisfiers in their work. Data was collected in 8 focus group discussions with 90 CHWs in October 2018 and March–April 2019 in seven purposively selected catchment areas. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using Dedoose. Results: Themes of complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors were generated from the perspectives of the CHWs in the focus group discussions. Study results indicate that enabling factors are primarily intrinsic factors such as positive patient outcomes, community respect, and recognition by the formal health care system but can lead to the chal- lenge of increased scope and workload. Extrinsic factors can provide challenges, including an increased scope and workload from original expectations, lack of resources to utilize in their work, and rugged geography. However, a posi- tive work environment through supportive relationships between CHWs and supervisors enables the CHWs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated enabling factors and challenges for CHW performance from their perspec- tive within the dual-factor theory. We can mitigate challenges through focused efforts to limit geographical distance, manage workload, and strengthen CHW support to reinforce their recognition and trust. Such programmatic empha- sis can focus on enhancing motivational factors found in this study to improve the CHWs’ experience in their role. The engagement of CHWs, the communities, and the formal health care system is critical to improving the care provided to the patients and communities, along with building supportive systems to recognize the work done by CHWs for the primary health care systems. more

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Kenya: a primary health care case study in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Wafula, F.; and E. Gitau (2023) C_WHO

This case study uses the Astana Primary Health Care (PHC) framework to explore the impact of the 2020–21 pandemic on primary ... more

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A guide to the provision of safe delivery and immediate newborn care in the context of an Ebola outbreak

UNICEF, WHO and Save the Children (2014)

The interventions summarized in this guide are intended to lower the risk of delivery and post-partum complications for both the mother and the newborn, particularly the risk ... more

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HEARTS. Technical package for cardiovascular disease management in primary health care. Systems of Monitoring

World Health Organization WHO, et al. (2018) C_WHO

Monitoring is a crucial element in any successful programme. It is important to know if health care facilities – and ultimately countries – are meeting the agreed goals and objectives for prev ... enting and managing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Monitoring is the on-going collection, management and use of information to assess whether an activity or programme is proceeding according to plan and/ or achieving defined targets. Not all outcomes of interest can be monitored. Clear outcomes must be identified that relate to the most important changes expected to result from the project and to what is realistic and measurable within the timescale of the project. Once these outcomes have been articulated, indicators can be chosen that best measure whether the desired outcomes are being met. To allow progress to be monitored, this module provides a set of indicators on CVD management. Agreeing on a set of indicators allows countries to compare progress in CVD management and treatment across different districts or subnational jurisdictions, as well as at a facility level, identify where performance can be improved, and track trends in implementation over time. Monitoring these indicators also helps identify problems that may be encountered so that implementation efforts can be redirected. This module starts from the collection of data at facility level, which is then “transferred up” the system: facility-level data are aggregated at subnational level to produce reports that allow tracking of facility and subnational performance over time and allow for comparison among facilities. National-level data are obtained through population-based surveys. Implementing a monitoring system requires action at many levels. At national and subnational levels, staff can determine how best to integrate data elements into existing data collection systems – such as the routine service-delivery data that are collected through facility-level Health Management Information Systems (HMIS). In the facility setting, personnel must be aware of what data are needed. Sample data-collection tools are included, recognizing that countries use different datamanagement systems for HMIS, so the CVD monitoring tools will be adapted to work with the HMIS system being used by the country, such that the indicators can be collected with minimal disruption/work to existing systems and tools more

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Care, cleaning and disinfection of oxygen concentrators
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Consumables associated with oxygen delivery are generally intended as single use devices. They should be treated as infectious1 material and disposed of accordingly. Disposal ... more

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Quality of care in fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable settings: taking action

World Health Organization WHO (2020) CC

In fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable settings, delivery of quality health services faces significant challenges, including disruption ... more

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Role of primary care in the COVID-19 response

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

Primary care can play a significant role in the COVID-19 response by differentiating patients with respiratory symptoms from those with COVID-19, making an early diagnosis, helping vulnerable people cope with their anxiety about the virus, and reduc ... more

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Care, cleaning and disinfection of high flow nasal cannula
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

During non-invasive ventilation and between patients Always read and follow the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer`s manual Consumables associated with oxygen delivery are genera ... more

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Care, cleaning and disinfection of invasive mechanical ventilators
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

During ventilation and between patients Always read and follow the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer`s manual Consumables associated with oxygen delivery are generally intended ... more

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Care, cleaning and disinfection of BiPAP/CPAP devices
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Bilevel or two-level Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP). Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) During non-invasive ventilation and between patients Always read and follow the instructions and recommendations of the manufacturer`s manual Con ... more

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Updated recommendations on treatment of adolescents and children with chronic HCV infection, and HCV simplified service delivery and diagnostics
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

These guidelines provide updated evidence-based recommendations on the priority HCV-related topics from the 2018 WHO Guidelines for the care and treatment of persons diagnosed with chronic hepatitis ... more

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Determinants of Maternal Care-Seeking in Kenya

Samwel Mbugua, Kerry L. D. MacQuarrie (2018) C1

DHS Further Analysis Reports No. 111
This study is a theory-driven analysis of the socio-demographic determinants of maternal care seeking in ... more

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Determinants of Maternal Care Seeking in Kenya, DHS Further Analysis Reports No. 111

Mbugua S., L. D. MacQuarrie K. DHS Further Analysis Reports No. 111 (2018) C1

This study is a theory-driven analysis of the socio-demographic determinants of maternal care seeking in Kenya. Specifically, it examines predispos ... more

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Crisis Standards of Care: A Toolkit for Indicators and Triggers

Dan Hanfling, John Hick, and Clare Stroud Dan Hanfling, John Hick, and Clare Stroud (2013)

(You need free registration to download the book) Disasters and public health emergencies can stress health care systems to the breaking point and ... more

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Upgrading Guidelines/Information of Health Facilities and Utilities Ministry of Health Republic of Zambia March

Ministry of Health, Zambia (2016) C1

The Ministry of Health together with its partners realizes that efficient and effective delivery of ... more

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Delivery of cardiology services in Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic: what should we expect after this pandemic?

Nganou-Gnindjio, C.N.; Temgoua, M.N.; Kuate, L.M. et al. (2021) CC

Background: COVID-19 is a global public health crisis that affects all sectors; studying the impact of this pandemic on the delivery ... more

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Paying Primary Health Care Centers for Performance in Rwanda

Basinga, P., Gertler, P.J., Binagwaho, A., et al. The World Bank (2010) C2

Paying for performance (P4P) provides financial incentives for providers to increase the use and quality of care. P4P can affect health ... more

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Interagency List of Priority Medical Devices for Essential Interventions for Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

The objective of this project was to list the medical devices required to provide the essential reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health interventions defined by existing WHO guidelines and ... more