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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more

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Infection prevention and control in the context of coronavirus disease (‎COVID-19)‎: a living guideline, 25 April 2022: updated chapter: mask use, part 1: health care settings
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

22 April 2022, This document provides updated interim recommendations on the use of masks by health workers providing care to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. This update is prompted by new evidence around mask use and COVID-19 transmission, as well as the emergence of variants of conc... more

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Nutrition Guidelines
recommended

Médecins sans Frontières (2006) C1

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Polio Eradication in Ethiopia

World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa (2015) C_WHO

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Generic risk assessment model for insecticides used for larviciding and mollusciciding

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

2nd edition. The purpose of this document is to provide a generic model that can be used for risk assessment of larviciding and mollusciciding; it aims to harmonize the risk assessment of such pesticides for public health use. The assessment considers both adults and children (all age groups) as we... more

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Traditional Medicine Policy for Nigeria

Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria (2007) C1

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View PDF (2004)

Operational security management in violent environments

Humanitarian Practice Network (2010)

Good Practice Review

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TB India 2014 Annual Status Report-Revised National TB Control Programme

National Rural Health Mission, DOTS (2014)

Reach the Unreached - FIND, TREAT, CURE TB, SAVE LIVES

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Opportunities to Improve Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health in India through Smartphones and 3G Connectivity Solutions

mPowering Frontline Health Workers partnership, United Nations Foundation, Qualcomm® Wireless Reach™ (2014) C1

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Finding, diagnosing and curing TB patients in central asia

KNCV (2017) C2

KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation - Your partner in the fight against TB Accessed November 2017

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LA SITUATION DES ENFANTS DANS LE MONDE 2013: Les enfants handicapés

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) (2013)

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NATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR COMPREHENSIVE CARE OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN RWANDA

Ministry of Health, Rwanda (2011) C2

This guide presents new knowledge and guidelines on the provision of care to persons living with HIV/AIDS, in accordance with the last guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) published in 2006 and adapted to the Rwandan national context. It thus responds to the need by the Ministry of Heal... more

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Ethics and Public Health: Model Curriculum

Jennings, B.; J. Kahn, A.Mastroianni, and L.S. Parker (2003) CC

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The Burden of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Due to HIV/AIDS in Cameroon

D. S. Nsagha; A.-C. ZK Bissek; S. M. Nsagha; et al. The Open AIDS Journal; PubMed (2012) CC

The Open AIDS Journal, 2012, 6, 245-258

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Alcohol and COVID-19 in the Americas

Pan American Health Organization (2021) C_WHO

This fact sheet highlights the relationship between alcohol consumption and COVID-19. Heavy episodic drinking is considered a health risk for COVID-19, and alcohol is used by some to cope with difficult emotions that increased during the pandemic.