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Qualitative assessment of community health workers’ perspective on their motivation in community-based primary health care in rural Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M.B. et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) CC

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have a positive impact on the provision of community-based primary health care through screening, treatment, referral, psychosocial support, and accompaniment. With a broad scope of work, CHW programs must balance the breadth and depth of tasks to mainta...in CHW motivation for high-quality care delivery. Few studies have described the CHW perspective on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to enhance their programmatic activities. Methods: We utilized an exploratory qualitative study design with CHWs employed in the household model in Neno District, Malawi, to explore their perspectives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and dissatisfiers in their work. Data was collected in 8 focus group discussions with 90 CHWs in October 2018 and March–April 2019 in seven purposively selected catchment areas. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using Dedoose. Results: Themes of complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors were generated from the perspectives of the CHWs in the focus group discussions. Study results indicate that enabling factors are primarily intrinsic factors such as positive patient outcomes, community respect, and recognition by the formal health care system but can lead to the chal- lenge of increased scope and workload. Extrinsic factors can provide challenges, including an increased scope and workload from original expectations, lack of resources to utilize in their work, and rugged geography. However, a posi- tive work environment through supportive relationships between CHWs and supervisors enables the CHWs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated enabling factors and challenges for CHW performance from their perspec- tive within the dual-factor theory. We can mitigate challenges through focused efforts to limit geographical distance, manage workload, and strengthen CHW support to reinforce their recognition and trust. Such programmatic empha- sis can focus on enhancing motivational factors found in this study to improve the CHWs’ experience in their role. The engagement of CHWs, the communities, and the formal health care system is critical to improving the care provided to the patients and communities, along with building supportive systems to recognize the work done by CHWs for the primary health care systems. more

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Tanzania: National Guidelines for Monitoring Medicines Safety

Tanzania Food & Drugs Authority (TFDA) (2010) C2

Made under Section 5 (c) of the Tanzania Food, Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 2003 | Second Edition

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Community-based rehabilitation: CBR guidelines - Introductory booklet
recommended

Kamala Achu, Kathy Al Jubah, Svein Brodtkorb, et al. World Health Organization WHO (2010) C_WHO

Available in: English, French, Chinese, Spanish, Russian, Arabic, Thai, Korean, Tajik, Vietnamese, Uzbek http://www.who.int/disabilities/cbr/guidelines/en/

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2 million African community health workers - Harnessing the demographic dividend, ending AIDS and ensuring sustainable health for all in Africa

UNAIDS (2017) CC

This report makes the case for a major new initiative—to rapidly recruit, train and deploy 2 million community health workers in Africa. Drawing on a vast body of evidence and substantial regional experience, the report shows how community health workers save lives and improve quality of life and ... more

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Linieamentos tecnico para la atencion integral de personas con COVID-19

Ministerio de Salud El Salvador (2021) C1

Technical guidelines for the comprehensive care of patients with COVID-19 ; second version

External Link

Chapter 18 Resilience Management for Healthy Cities in a Changing Climate

Elmqvist, T.; Gatzweiler F., Lindgren E., et al. (2019) C1

External Link

Guía del Facilitador para la Organización de AIEPI Comunitario

Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Ministerio de la Salud Pública y Bienestar Social, Paraguay et al. (2007) C_WHO

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Kenya: Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2013/14, Final Report

Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, UNICEF (2016)

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Adult and Adolescent Antiretroviral Therapy Protocols

Ministry of Health, Zambia (2010) C1

External Link

Prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis among prisoners in North Gondar Zone Prison, northwest Ethiopia

B. Moges, B. Amare, F. Asfaw, et al. (2012) CC

BMC Infectious Diseases 2012, 12:352/1471-2334/12/352

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National Malaria Control Program Sierra Leone: Insecticide Resistance Monitoring and Management Plan (IRMMP)

Government of Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation (2016) C1

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Addressing gender inequalities in national action plans on antimicrobial resistance

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

National action plans on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) often overlook the critical intersection of gender, despite evidence that exposure and susceptibility to infection, health-seeking behaviours, as well as antimicrobial prescribing and use patterns are all influenced by gender.

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Assessment of the Pharmaceutical situation in Kenya: A Baseline Survey.

World Health Organization WHO; HAI (2003) C_WHO

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Kenya Endline Household Survey 2015

Measurement, Learning & Evaluation of the Kenya Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (Tupange), et al. (2015) C1

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Can Community Health Workers Report Accurately on Births and Deaths? Results of Field Assessments in Ethiopia, Malawi and Mali

Silva, R.; A. Amouzou; M. Muno, et al. (2016) CC

PLoS ONE 11(1): e0144662. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144662

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TANZANIA THIRD NATIONAL MULTI-SECTORAL STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR HIV AND AIDS (2013/14 – 2017/18) NOVEMBER, 2013

Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Tanzania (2013) C1

External Link

Relationships between Maternal Health Care and Postpartum Modern Contraceptive Use in Kenya and Zambia

Do M, Hotchkiss D Measure Evaluation; USAID; PEPFAR (2011) CC

MEASURE Evaluation PRH Working Paper Series

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A Pocket Guide for Clinical Management of Obstetric and Neonatal Emergencies in Africa
recommended

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa (2022) C_WHO

For health care providers. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest maternal mortality in the world. According to estimates by the United Nations Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (UN MMEIG)1 in September 2017, while the African Region had recorded a significant decline in maternal mortali... more

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Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance in Cameroon

The Cameroon Academy of Sciences (2013) CC

Community-based rehabilitation: CBR guidelines - Introductory booklet recommended

A Pocket Guide for Clinical Management of Obstetric and Neonatal Emergencies in Africa recommended

Community-based rehabilitation: CBR guidelines - Introductory booklet
recommended

A Pocket Guide for Clinical Management of Obstetric and Neonatal Emergencies in Africa
recommended