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Screening for cardiovascular disease risk and subsequent management in low and middle income countries: challenges and opportunities

Bovet, P.; Chiolero, A.; Paccaud, F. et al. Public Health Reviews (2015) CC

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), mainly heart attack and stroke, is the leading cause of premature mortality in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD is an important strategy to prevent and control CVD, in addition to multisector ... al population-based interventions to reduce CVD risk factors in the entire population. Methods: We describe key public health considerations in identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD in LMICs. Results: A main objective of any strategy to identify individuals at high CVD risk is to maximize the number of CVD events averted while minimizing the numbers of individuals needing treatment. Scores estimating the total risk of CVD (e.g. ten-year risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD) are available for LMICs, and are based on the main CVD risk factors (history of CVD, age, sex, tobacco use, blood pressure, blood cholesterol and diabetes status). Opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors enables identification of persons with high CVD risk, but this strategy can be widely applied in low resource settings only if cost effective interventions are used (e.g. the WHO Package of Essential NCD interventions for primary health care in low resource settings package) and if treatment (generally for years) can be sustained, including continued availability ofaffordable medications and funding mechanisms that allow people to purchase medications without impoverishing them (e.g. universal access to health care). Thisalso emphasises the need to re-orient health systems in LMICs towards chronic diseases management. Conclusion: The large burden of CVD in LMICs and the fact that persons with high CVD can be identified and managed along cost-effective interventions mean that health systems need to be structured in a way that encourages patient registration, opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors, efficient procedures for the management of chronic conditions (e.g. task sharing) and provision of affordable treatment for those with high CVD risk. The focus needs to be in primary care because that is where most of the population can access health care and because CVD programmes can be run effectively at this level. more

Improving Financial Access to Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Services for the Poor in Nigeria

Cynthia Green (2012) C1

Indicators and Reference Data: A Practical Tool for Project Managers in Humanitarian Aid

Marie Theres Benner and K. Peter Schmitz Malteser International (2011)

Operational Guideline

Medical Eye Care - Policy 2010-2012

Colin Cook Christoffel-Blinden Mission (CBM) (2010)

Introduction of pneumococcal vaccine PCV10, two dose presentation

World Health Organization (2013)

A handbook for district and health facility staff

National Programme for Prevention and Control of Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO

A Manual for Medical Officer Developed under the Government of India – WHO Collaborative Programme 2008-2009 Accessed: 11.03.2019

Strategic plan towards ending TB in the WHO South-East Asia Region: 2021–2025

World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia (2021) C_WHO

The WHO End TB Strategy aims to end the global TB epidemic by 2030, in alignment with Goal 3 of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Member States of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the UN committed to ending the TB epidemic through adoption of WHO’s End TB Strateg ... more

Story of change in four countries Building capacity for integrating mental health care within health services across humanitarian settings

World Health Organization WHO; mGAP (2021) C_WHO

The world is facing an unprecedented range of emergencies. In reaction to these complex adversities, many people experience considerable distress and impairment, and a minority may even go on to develop mental health conditions. Meanwhile, those with pre-existing mental health conditions may experie ... more

Anaemia in Nepal - Review Report

Dr. Sabita Malla (The Micronutrient Initiative (MI), Ministry of Health Nepal) (2001) C1

Integrating mental health into primary carein Nigeria: report of a demonstration project using the mental health gap actionprogramme intervention guide

Gureje, O.; Jibril , A.; Kola, L.; et al. BioMed Central (2015) CC

Gurejeet al. BMC Health Services Research (2015) 15:242 DOI 10.1186/s12913-015-0911-3

Emergency Appeal COVID-19 Pandemic, Revised Appeal MDRCOVID19 (December 2021)

The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC (2021) C1

New funding requirements: CHF 2.8 billion IFRC-wide of which CHF 670 million is channelled through the IFRC Emergency Appeal in support of National Societies

Guidance on developing a national deployment and vaccination plan for COVID-19 vaccines

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

This global guidance provided the framework for over 100 countries to develop their NDVPs. This updated (second) version supersedes the previous version published in 16 November 2020. New information has been added on the following areas: the COVID-19 Partners Platform; the use of COVID ... more

Guidance on operational microplanning for COVID-19 vaccination

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

This publication is a companion document to the NDVP National Deployment and Vaccination Plans guidance, which provides a framework for countries to develop their national strategies. As countries face challenges with erratic vaccine supplies, use of multiple vaccine products with different charact ... more

Evaluation of Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM): Nepal Country Case Study

UNICEF (2012)

Nigeria: Follow-up of Health Care Providers Trained on Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARC) Services

Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria (2015) C2

POST TRAINING FOLLOW-UP TOOL

Developing and Strengthening Community Health Worker Programs at Scale

Perry, H.; L. Crigler, et al. Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP) (2014)

A Reference Guide for Program Managers and Policy Makers. Recently, a renewed interest in large-scale community health worker (CHW) programs has been seen globally. This renewal provides an opportune moment to take stock of issues and challenges such programs face and what can be done to make them a ... more

India: Health for all now! Revive Alma Ata!

Ravi Narayan and Unnikrishnan PV People's Health Movement (2011) C1

What Works for Children in South Asia: Community Health Workers

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2004) CC

Tuberculosis laboratory biosafety manual. (Vietnamese Edition)

World Health Organization Viện Vệ sinh dịch tễ Trung ương (2015) C_WHO

CẨM NANG AN TOÀN SINH HỌC PHÒNG XÉT NGHIỆM LAO. NHÀ XUẤT BẢN Y HỌC HÀ NỘI - 2015.